GB/T 24001-2016Environmental management systems -- Requirements with guidance for use (English PDF)

0.1 Background

In order to meet the needs of contemporary people without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs, it is necessary to realize environmental, social and economic Between the balance. By balancing the sustainability of the "three pillars" in order to achieve sustainable development goals.

With the increasing rigor of laws and regulations, as well as due to pollution, inefficient use of resources, improper waste management, climate change, ecosystem degradation, the pressures on the environment are increasing as a result of biodiversity reduction, and the expectations of society for sustainable development, transparency and accountability have taken place Variety.

As a result, organizations use environmental management systems to implement environmental management systems, with a view to sustainable management of "environmental pillars" Make a contribution.

0.2 The purpose of the environmental management system this standard is intended to provide a framework for organizations to protect the environment, respond to changing environmental conditions while maintaining a balance with socio-economic needs.

This standard specifies the requirements of the environmental management system so that the organization can achieve the desired results of its established environmental management system.

The systematic approach to environmental management provides information to top managers through long-term success by promoting sustainable Create an optional program.

- Prevent or mitigate adverse environmental impacts to protect the environment;

- mitigate the potential adverse effects of environmental conditions on the organization;

- to help the organization fulfill its compliance obligations;

--- enhance environmental performance;

- the use of life-cycle perspective to control or influence the organization's products and services in the design, manufacture, delivery, consumption and disposal of Enough to prevent environmental impacts from being inadvertently transferred to other stages of the life cycle;

- the implementation of environmentally friendly, and can consolidate the organizational status of the market options to obtain financial and operating income;

- Communicate environmental information with relevant parties.

This standard does not attempt to increase or change the legal requirements of the organization.

0.3 Success factors

The successful implementation of the environmental management system depends on the commitment of the organizations at all levels and functions under the leadership of the highest manager. Organization can use machine such as those with strategic and competitive opportunities to prevent or mitigate adverse environmental impacts and enhance beneficial environmental impacts. by Integrate environmental management into the organization's business processes, strategic direction and decision-making processes, harmonize with other business priorities, and integrate the environment Management into the organization's comprehensive management system, the top managers will be able to effectively deal with their risks and opportunities. Successful implementation of this standard can be achieved the interested parties have established that the organization has established an effective environmental management system.

However, the use of this standard does not in itself guarantee the best possible environmental results. The application of this standard may vary depending on the environment in which the organization is located and there are differences. The two organizations may engage in similar activities, but may have different compliance obligations, environmental policy commitments, use different Environmental technologies, and have different environmental performance objectives, but they are likely to meet the requirements of this standard.

The details and complexity of the environmental management system will depend on the circumstances in which the organization is located, the scope of its environmental management system, its compliance obligations, and the nature of their activities, products and services, including their environmental factors and associated environmental impacts.

0.4 Planning - Implementation - Inspection - Improved Mode

The approach to the environmental management system is based on the concept of planning, implementation, inspection and improvement (PDCA). The PDCA model is available for the organization A progressive process to achieve continuous improvement. This model can be applied to the environmental management system and each of its individual elements. The the model can be summarized as follows.

- planning. establishing the required environmental objectives and processes to achieve results consistent with the organization's environmental policy;

--- implementation. the implementation of the planning process;

- Check. Monitor and measure the process according to the environmental policy (including its commitments), environmental objectives and operational guidelines, and report result;

Improvements. Take measures to keep improving.

Figure 1 shows how the structure used in this standard incorporates the PDCA model, which helps new and existing users understand the system

The importance of law.

Figure 1 Relationship between PDCA and the structure of this standard

0.5 The contents of this standard this standard conforms to ISO requirements for management system standards. These requirements include a high-level structure, the same core text, and a There are core definitions of the general terms, the purpose is to facilitate the implementation of a number of users ISO management system standards.

This standard does not contain requirements for other management systems, such as quality, occupational health and safety, energy or financial management. However, this standard to enable organizations to integrate their environmental management systems with the requirements of other management systems using a common approach and risk-based thinking.

This standard includes requirements required for compliance evaluation. Any organization that wishes can be demonstrated by the following manner consistent with this standard.

--- self-evaluation and self-declaration;

- to seek the relevant parties (eg, customers), to confirm their compliance;

- the identification of the self-declaration by the external organization seeking the organization;

Seek external organizations to certify or register their environmental management systems.

Appendix A provides explanatory information to prevent misinterpretation of the requirements of this standard. Appendix B shows this standard with previous versions

A summary of the technical control. The implementation guide for the environmental management system is contained in GB/T 24004.

The following verbs are used in this standard.

--- "should" (shal) that request;

--- "should" (should) make recommendations;

--- "may" (may) that allow;

--- "may, may, be able" to indicate the possibility or ability.

The message "Note" is intended to help you understand or use this document. The "note" used in Chapter 3 provides additional information to supplement the terminology Interest, may include the use of the relevant provisions of the term.

The terms and definitions in Chapter 3 are arranged in the order of the concept, and the final document gives an alphabetical index.

Environmental management system requirements and guidelines for use

3.1 Terms related to organization and leadership

3.1.1

Management system Organizations (3.1.4) are used to establish guidelines, objectives (3.2.5), and processes (3.3.5) that achieve these goals are interrelated or interacting A set of elements.

Note 1. A management system may focus on one or more areas (eg quality, environment, occupational health and safety, energy, financial management).

Note 2. The system elements include the structure, roles and responsibilities of the organization, planning and operation, performance evaluation and improvement.

Note 3. The scope of the management system may include the entire organization, its specific functions, its specific sector, or one or more functions across the organization.

3.1.2

Environmental management system Management system (3.1.1) for the management of environmental factors (3.2.2), compliance with compliance obligations (3.2.9), and response to risks and opportunities (3.2.11).

3.1.3

Environmental policy the intent and direction of the organization (3.1.4) formally expressed by the top manager (3.1.5) on environmental performance (3.4.11).

3.1.4

Organization

To achieve the goal (3.2.5), by the duties, authority and mutual relations constitute their own function of a person or group of people.

Note 1. The organization includes but is not limited to individual operators, companies, group companies, businesses, enterprises and institutions, government agencies, joint venture companies, public institutions, clubs or a part or combination of such units, whether or not they have legal personality, public or private.

3.1.5

Top manager

A person or group of people who direct and control the organization (3.1.4) at the highest level.

Note 1. Top management has the authority to authorize and provide resources within the organization.

Note 2. If the scope of the management system (3.1.1) covers only a part of the organization, the highest manager refers to those who direct and control the organization of the part of the staff.

3.1.6

Interested parties interestedparty Individuals or organizations that influence decision-making or activities, are affected by decision-making or activities, or feel affected by decision-making or activities (3.1.4).

Examples. Clients may include customers, communities, suppliers, regulators, non-governmental organizations, investors and employees.

Note 1. "Feeling itself is affected" means that the organization has known this feeling.

3.2 Terms related to planning

3.2.1

Environment

Organizational (3.1.4) Externality of operational activities, including air, water, land, natural resources, plants, animals, people, and between them Interrelationships.

Note 1. External presence may extend from within the organization to local, regional and global systems.

Note 2. External presence is described by biological diversity, ecosystem, climate, or other characteristics.

3.2.2

Environmental factors the activities of an organization (3.1.4), the elements of products and services that interact with the environment or that can interact with the environment (3.2.1).

Note 1. An environmental factor may have one or more environmental impacts (3.2.4). An important environmental factor is the ability to produce or be able to produce one or more major rings Environmental factors affecting the environment.

Note 2. Important environmental factors are determined by the organization using one or more criteria.

3.2.3

Environmental condition the state or characteristic of the environment (3.2.1) determined at a particular point in time.

3.2.4

Environmental impact an adverse or beneficial change to the environment (3.2.1) in whole or in part by the environmental factors (3.2.2) of the organization (3.1.4).

3.2.5

Target

To achieve the results.

Note 1. Targets may be strategic, tactical, or operational.

Note 2. Targets may involve different areas (eg, financial, health and safety and environmental goals) and can be applied at different levels [eg, strategic , Organization, project, product, service and process (3.3.5)].

Note 3. Targets may be expressed in other ways, such as expected results, objectives, operational guidelines, environmental objectives (3.2.6), or other words with similar meanings such as. indicators and other expression.

3.2.6

Environmental target the organization (3.1.4) establishes the target (3.2.5) based on its environmental policy (3.1.3).

3.2.7

Pollution prevention ofpolution (Or integrated) process (3.3.5), practices, techniques, materials, products, services or services in order to reduce harmful environmental impacts (3.2.4) Energy to avoid, reduce or control the generation, discharge or disposal of any type of contaminant or waste.

Note. Pollution prevention can include changes in source reduction or elimination, processes, changes in products or services, efficient use of resources, material or energy substitution, reuse, recycling, and Cycle, regeneration or treatment.

3.2.8

Request requirement

A demand or expectation that is usually implied or must be met.

Note 1. "usually implied" refers to the practice or general practice in relation to the organization (3.1.4) and the interested party (3.1.6), and the requirements or expectations considered are Metaphor.

Note 2. The requirements are specified in the requirements, such as those specified in the documented information (3.3.2).

Note 3. Requirements other than those required by laws and regulations are obliged to be followed by an organization's decision to comply.

3.2.9

Compliance Obligations (Preferred Terminology) Laws and regulations and other requirements legalrequirementsandotherrequirements (permissible terms) (3.1.4) must comply with legal and regulatory requirements (3.2.8), and other requirements that the organization must comply with or choose to comply with.

Note 1. Compliance obligations are related to the environmental management system (3.1.2).

Note 2. Compliance obligations may arise from mandatory requirements, such as applicable laws and regulations, or from voluntary commitments such as organizational and industry Prospective, contractual, operational procedures, agreements with societies or non-governmental organizations.

3.2.10

Risk of risk

The impact of uncertainty.

Note 1. Impact refers to the deviation from the expected - positive or negative.

Note 2. Uncertainty is a state that refers to the lack of information (including lack of) information, understanding or knowledge about the likelihood of an event, its consequences, or its occurrence.

Note 3. usually with potential "events" (see 4.5.1.3 in GB/T 23694-2013) and "consequences" (see 4.6.1.3 in GB/T 23694-2013), or two the combination of the characteristics to describe the risk.

Note 4. The risk is usually "probable" with the eventual consequences (including changes in the environment) and related events (see 4.6.1.1 in GB/T 23694-2013) to represent.

3.2.11

Risks and opportunities Potential adverse effects (threats) and potentially beneficial effects (opportunities).

3.3 Terms related to support and operation

3.3.1

Competence

The use of knowledge and skills to achieve the desired results.

3.3.2

Documented information documented Organization (3.1.4) need to control and maintain the information, as well as the carrier carrying information.

Note 1. Documented information may exist in any form and bearer carrier, and may come from any source.

Note 2. Documented information may involve.

- environmental management system (3.1.2), including the relevant process (3.3.5);

- information created for the organization (which may be called a file);

An evidence of the outcome (which may be called a record).

3.3.3

Lifecycle

Produ...