GB/T 150.4-2024Pressure vessels - Part 4: Fabrication, inspection and testing, and acceptance (English PDF)

Foreword

This document was drafted in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 1.1-2020 "Directives for standardization - Part 1: Rules for the structure and drafting of standardizing documents".

This document is Part 4 of GB/T 150 "Pressure vessels". GB/T 150 has published the following parts:

- Part 4: Fabrication, inspection and testing, and acceptance.

This document replaces GB/T 150.4-2011 "Pressure vessels - Part 4: Fabrication, inspection and testing, and acceptance". Compared with GB/T 150.4-2011, in addition to structural adjustments and editorial changes, the main technical changes are as follows.

a) CHANGE the scope of application (see Chapter 1; 1.2 of the 2011 edition).

1) CHANGE the definition of thickness of steel material (see 3.6; 3.6 of the 2011 edition);

2) ADD the terms such as forming temperature, thermal treatment, minimum thermal treatment, maximum thermal treatment, minimum postweld heat treatment, maximum postweld heat treatment, intermediate stress relief, pressure vessel designed by simple fatigue analysis, weld metal replacement (see 3.9 ~ 3.17).

1) ADD the requirements for raw materials (including welding materials) used in the fabrication of pressure vessels (see 4.3.1);

2) ADD the requirements for parts and components (including self-made, outsourced and purchased parts and components) used in the fabrication of pressure vessels (see 4.3.2);

3) ADD the requirements for the fabrication environment of high-alloy steel pressure vessels and non-ferrous metal lining parts (see 4.4);

4) CHANGE the provisions for risk prevention and control in the pressure vessel fabrication process (see 4.5; 4.2 of the 2011 edition).

1) DELETE the requirement that the chromium-nickel austenitic stainless steel plate used to fabricate the main pressure-bearing components shall be re-tested [see 5.1.1 d) of the 2011 edition];

2) ADD the requirement for re-testing of welding materials (see 5.1.2);

3) ADD the requirement for the segmentation of composite plate materials (see 5.2.2);

1) ADD the provisions for handling when the thickness of steel jumps (see 6.1.1);

3) ADD the provisions for grinding depth of cladding layer and coating layer included in strength (see 6.2.2);

4) ADD the provisions for grinding tools (see 6.2.3);

5) CHANGE the provisions for non-destructive testing methods of steel welding groove surface (see 6.3; 6.3 of the 2011 edition);

6) ADD the relevant provisions for the head without top round plate that is formed by splitting and then assembled (see 6.4.2);

7) CHANGE the provisions for the tools used for shape inspection of large diameter heads (see 6.4.4; 6.4.2 of the 2011 edition);

8) ADD the requirement that the shell assembled by thinning the edge of thick plates on one side or both sides shall meet the design strength requirements (see 6.5.3);

9) ADD the requirements for the assembly alignment of composite plate pressure vessels, lined pressure vessels, pressure vessels with cladding layers, as well as the assembly alignment of lining parts in composite plate pressure vessels and lined pressure vessels [see 6.5.5 a)];

10) ADD the requirement for visual inspection during the pressure vessel fabrication process (see 6.8.4).

1) CHANGE the provisions on welding environment (see 7.1.1; 7.1.2 of the 2011 edition);

2) ADD the requirements for welding environment for non-ferrous metal lining parts (see 7.1.1.3);

3) ADD the provisions on welding gas (see 7.1.2.1);

4) CHANGE the provisions on storage and management of welding materials (see 7.1.2.2; 7.1.1 of the 2011 edition);

5) ADD the provisions for temper brittleness assessment of deposited metal of welding materials for Fe-5A and Fe-5C materials (see 7.1.2.3);

6) ADD the provisions and related requirements for high temperature endurance test of weld metal and welded joints for Fe-5C materials (see 7.1.2.4);

7) ADD the provisions for reheat crack sensitivity assessment of deposited metal for submerged arc welding of Fe-5C materials (see 7.1.2.5);

8) ADD the provisions on the applicable scope of flux-cored welding wire (see 7.1.2.6);

9) ADD the provisions on cleaning and protection of weldments (see 7.1.3);

10) ADD the provisions on welding methods used for welded pressure vessels (see 7.2);

11) CHANGE the impact test qualification index in the welding procedure qualification of chromium-nickel austenitic stainless steel pressure vessels, which have a design temperature lower than -100 °C but not lower than - 196 °C [see 7.3.1 c)];

12) ADD the requirements for impact test in the welding procedure qualification of non-alloy steel and low-alloy steel [see 7.3.1 d)];

13) ADD the provisions for simulating the maximum post-weld heat treatment and the minimum post-weld heat treatment of welding procedure qualification specimens of Fe-5A and Fe-5C materials [see 7.3.1 e)];

14) ADD the provisions for additional high temperature tensile test and temper brittleness assessment test for welding procedure qualification of Fe-5A and Fe-5C materials [see 7.3.1 f)];

15) ADD the provisions for welding procedure qualification when welding material is replaced for the base weld of Fe-3 group materials [see 7.3.1 g)];

16) ADD the provisions for maximum thermal treatment and minimum thermal treatment of welding procedure qualification specimens [see 7.3.1 h)];

17) ADD the provisions for welding preheating and post-heating (see 7.3.2);

18) ADD the requirements for the use and storage of flux-cored welding wire (see 7.3.3.2);

19) ADD the requirements for welding of cladding layer and overlay weld (see 7.3.3.3);

20) ADD the provisions for welding arc initiation and arc scratch grinding (see 7.4.5);

21) CHANGE the requirements on the scope of reheat treatment required after welding repair of pressure vessels (see 7.5.6, 7.5.7; 7.4.3, 7.4.4 of the 2011 edition);

22) ADD the requirements for welding repair when pressure vessels are not reheat treated (see 7.5.8);

23) ADD the requirements for welding inspection and testing (see 7.6).

1) ADD the provisions on heat treatment types (see 8.1.1);

3) CHANGE the qualified indicators and the provisions on recovery heat treatment for cold-formed chromium-nickel austenitic stainless steel heads and expansion joints (see 8.3.1.1, 8.3.1.4, 8.3.1.5; 8.1.1 of the 2011 edition);

4) ADD the provisions on recovery heat treatment for composite plate formed parts (see 8.3.1.8);

5) ADD the provisions on recovery heat treatment methods for formed pressure components (see 8.3.1.9);

6) CHANGE the provisions on determining the thickness of post-weld heat treatment (see 8.4.2, Table 4; 8.2.1, Table 5 of the 2011 edition);

7) ADD the provisions on determining whether post-weld heat treatment is performed on composite plate welded joints (see 8.4.5);

8) ADD the provisions for the maximum temperature drop when adopting the heat treatment process of lowering the insulation temperature and extending the insulation time [see 8.4.7 a)];

9) ADD the provisions for determining the insulation temperature and insulation time of the composite plate pressure vessel and its pressure-bearing components after welding [see 8.4.7 b)];

10) ADD the provisions for the timing of the heat treatment after welding of the composite plate pressure vessel, the lined pressure vessel and its pressurebearing components (see 8.4.8);

11) ADD the provisions for the heat treatment furnace after welding [see 8.4.9 b)];

12) ADD the supplementary provisions for the arrangement of temperature measurement points [see 8.4.9 c)];

13) CHANGE the provisions for the heat treatment operation in the furnace [see 8.4.9 d); 8.2.7.1 of the 2011 edition].

1) CHANGE the provisions on the conditions for preparing product welding test pieces (see 9.1.1.1; 9.1.1.1 of the 2011 edition);

2) ADD the provisions for preparing head welding test pieces (see 9.1.1.3);

3) ADD the requirements for preparing simulated post-weld heat treatment test pieces (see 9.1.2.7);

4) ADD the requirements for preparing simulated heat process treatment test pieces (see 9.1.2.8);

5) CHANGE the provisions on test piece inspection and evaluation (see 9.1.3; 9.1.3 of the 2011 edition);

6) ADD the provisions on the timing of inspection and evaluation of product welding test pieces and heat treatment test pieces (see 9.6).

1) CHANGE the provisions on non-destructive testing methods, adding three non-destructive testing methods, namely, digital radiographic testing (DR), computer-aided radiographic testing (CR), phased array ultrasonic testing (PAUT) (see 10.1.1, 10.1.2; 10.1.1 of the 2011 edition);

2) CHANGE the provisions on additional local testing for non-recordable pulse reflection ultrasonic testing (see 10.1.3; 10.1.2 of the 2011 edition);

3) CHANGE the provisions on the timing of non-destructive testing of spliced heads (see 10.2.2; 10.2.2 of the 2011 edition);

4) ADD the provisions on the timing of non-destructive testing of composite plate pressure vessels, pressure vessels with cladding layers, lined pressure vessels (see 10.2.5, 10.2.6, 10.2.7);

5) CHANGE the provisions for full radiographic or ultrasonic testing (see 10.3.1; 10.3.1 of the 2011 edition);

6) CHANGE the provisions for partial radiographic or ultrasonic testing (see 10.3.2; 10.3.2 of the 2011 edition);

7) ADD the requirements for non-destructive testing of welded joints between inserted and placed pipes and cylinders and heads (see 10.3.3);

8) CHANGE the provisions for surface testing of welded joints (see 10.4; 10.4 of the 2011 edition);

9) ADD the provisions for determining the principles and combination methods for combined testing using different non-destructive testing methods (see 10.5.1);

10) ADD the provisions for additional local testing using γ-ray panoramic exposure radiographic testing (see 10.5.3);

11) ADD the relevant provisions for non-destructive testing of raw materials and parts and components (see 10.6.4);

12) CHANGE the qualified indexes of X-ray and ultrasonic testing (see Table 5; Table 6 of the 2011 edition).

1) CHANGE the provisions on the test temperature (including the metal wall temperature of the pressure vessel, the temperature of the test liquid and gas) during the pressure test (see 11.4.2.3; 11.4.9.3 of the 2011 edition);

2) ADD the provisions on the timing of the leakage test (see 11.5.2);

6) ADD the provisions for pressure vessel leakage rate (see 10.5.7).

k) ADD the provisions for hot gas circulation test, including: test object, test timing, test operation requirements, post-test inspection requirements, qualification judgment (see Chapter 12).

1) CHANGE the provisions on the method of providing product quality certificates and the contents included (see 13.1.2; 13.1.2 of the 2011 edition);

2) CHANGE the content of the product nameplate (see 13.2; 13.2 of the 2011 edition);

3) ADD the requirements for rust removal on the surface of exit-factory pressure vessels (see 13.3.1);

4) ADD the requirements for pickling and passivation treatment of exit-factory pressure vessels (see 13.3.2);

5) ADD the requirements for shot peening treatment of exit-factory pressure vessels (see 13.3.3);

6) ADD the requirements for polishing treatment of exit-factory pressure vessels (see 13.3.4);

7) ADD the requirements for pieced or segmented exit-factory pressure vessels (see 13.3.5).

m) ADD the additional requirements for the fabrication, inspection, acceptance of forged and welded pressure vessels (see Appendix A).

n) ADD the additional requirements for the fabrication, inspection, acceptance of sleeve-shrink fit pressure vessels (see Appendix B).

o) ADD the additional requirements for the fabrication, inspection, acceptance of wrapped pressure vessels (see Appendix C).

p) ADD the additional requirements for the fabrication, inspection, acceptance of steel ribbon wound pressure vessels (see Appendix D).

q) ADD the additional requirements for the fabrication, inspection, acceptance of pressure vessels designed based on the prevention of low-temperature brittle fracture (see Appendix E).

Please note that some contents of this document may involve patents. The issuing agency of this document does not assume the responsibility for identifying patents.

This document was proposed by AND shall be under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Boiler and Pressure Vessels (SAC/TC 262).

Drafting organizations of this document: Hefei General Machinery Research Institute Co., Ltd., China Machinery Industry Group Co., Ltd., China Special Equipment Inspection and Research Institute, Erzhong (Deyang) Heavy Equipment Co., Ltd., Dalian Jinzhou Heavy Machinery Group Co., Ltd., First Heavy Group Dalian Engineering Technology Co., Ltd., Zhejiang University, Jiangsu Special Equipment Safety Supervision and Inspection Institute, Sinopec Nanjing Chemical Machinery Co., Ltd., Sinopec Engineering Construction Co., Ltd., Lanzhou Lanshi Heavy Equipment Co., Ltd.

The main drafters of this document: Cui Jun, Chen Xuedong, Li Jun, Wang Yingjun, Xu Feng, Liu Jing, Fan Zhichao, Sun Liang, Zhao Jingyu, Chen Zhiwei, Yao Zuoquan, Chen Zhiping, Miao Chunsheng, Yan Changzhou, Han Bing, Duan Rui, Zheng Hui, Zheng Yixiang, Chen Jianyu, Fang Wunong, Jia Xiaobin, Chen Yongdong, Yuan Shaoyun.

The previous versions of this document and the documents it replaces are as follows:

- It was published in parts during the second revision in 2011. This document corresponds to GB/T 150.4-2011 "Pressure vessels - Part 4: Fabrication, inspection and testing, and acceptance";

- This is the third revision.

Introduction

Pressure vessels are one of the special equipment involving public safety, which are important equipment in the fields of petrochemicals, energy equipment, biomedicine, etc. In order to improve the economy and safety of pressure vessels, China issued the "Design regulations for steel chemical vessels" in 1967, GB 150 "Steel pressure vessels" in 1989; GB 150 was revised in 1998, as a supporting standard for pressure vessel regulations, which regulates the construction requirements of steel pressure vessels. The GB/T 150 series of standards has been issued and implemented for more than ten years since 2011. During this period, the "Regulations on safety technical supervision of stationary pressure vessels" was revised in 2016; the materials, components, non-destructive testing standards cited were also revised. In view of this, it is necessary to revise and improve GB/T 150, to continuously adapt to the new demands of economic development for this standard and better promote the highquality development of pressure vessel products.

This document is one of the general technical standards for pressure vessel construction methods, which is used to regulate the relevant technical requirements for the design, fabrication, inspection and acceptance of pressure vessels built or used in China. GB/T 150 "Pressure vessels" consists of four parts.

- Part 1: General requirements. The purpose is to give the basic requirements for the fabrication of pressure vessels.

- Part 2: Materials. The purpose is to provide the basic requirements for the selection of pressure vessels and the material data used in the design and fabrication process.

- Part 3: Design. The purpose is to provide the design method and design technical requirements of pressure vessels.

- Part 4: Fabrication, inspection and testing, and acceptance. The purpose is to

provide the requirements in the fabrication process of pressure vessels and the inspection and acceptance requirements.

The technical provisions of this document include the technical requirements to be followed in the pressure vessel construction process (i.e., design, fabrication, inspection and acceptance). This document does not need to, nor can it, cover all the technical details of the pressure vessel construction within the applicable scope.

This document does not restrict the use of advanced technical methods in actual engineering design and construction; however, engineering and technical personnel must be able to make reliable judgments when using advanced technical methods, to ensure that they meet the provisions of this document, especially the design provisions such as strength or stability design formulas. This document neither requires nor restricts designers from using computer programs to analyze or design pressure vessels.

The committee shall not bear any responsibility for any ambiguity in understanding and any consequences arising from the dissemination or interpretation of the standard by other organizations, that have not been authorized or recognized in writing by the committee.

1 Scope

This document specifies the requirements for the fabrication, inspection, acceptance of steel pressure vessels.

This document applies to the fabrication, inspection, acceptance of non-alloy steel, low alloy steel or high alloy steel base layers in steel pressure vessels, composite plate pressure vessels, lined pressure vessels, pressure vessels with cladding layers.

This document applies to single-layer welded (including pipe-made cylinder) pressure vessels, forged welded pressure vessels, shrink fit pressure vessels, multi-layer wrapped (including multi-layer cylinder segment wrapped, multi-layer integral wrapped) pressure vessels, steel ribbon wound pressure vessels.