GB/T 23821-2022Safety of machinery - Safety distances to prevent hazard zones being reached by upper and lower limbs (English PDF)

Foreword

This Document was drafted as per the rules specified in GB/T 1.1-2020 Directives for

Standardization - Part 1.Rules for the Structure and Drafting of Standardizing Documents.

This Document replaced GB/T 23821-2009 Safety of Machinery - Safety Distances to Prevent

Hazard Zones being Reached by Upper and Lower Limbs. Compared with GB/T 23821-2009,

the major technical changes of this Document are as follows besides the structural adjustments

and editorial modifications.

a) Add the term and definition of "reference plane" (see 3.2 of this Edition);

b) Change the requirements for the risk assessment (4.1.2 of this Edition; 4.1.2 of 2009

Edition);

c) Change the requirements for preventing hazard zones being reached over protective

structures (see 4.2.2 of this Edition; 4.2.2 of 2009 Edition);

d) Add the requirements for whole body access to (hazard zones) (see 4.4 of this Edition).

This Document equivalently adopts ISO 13857.2019 Safety of Machinery - Safety Distances to

Prevent Hazard Zones being Reached by Upper and Lower Limbs. Compared with ISO

13857.2019, this Document made the following editorial modifications.

--- Modify the editorial errors in ISO 13857.2019; change the "height of hazard zone alpha",

"height of protective structure b" and "horizontal safety distance to hazard zone c" in

Figures A.1, A.2 and A.3 into "height of the point of the hazard zone which is nearest to

the area of upper limb reach hh", "height of protective structure hps" and "horizontal

safety distance of the pint of the hazard zone which is nearest to the area of upper limb

reach sh", respectively.

Please note some contents of this Document may involve patents. The issuing agency of this

Document shall not assume the responsibility to identify these patents.

This Document was proposed by and under the jurisdiction of National Technical Committee

on Machinery Safety of Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC 208).

Drafting organizations of this Document. Nantong Wealth Machinery Technical Co., Ltd.;

RHINE Precision Alloy (Suzhou) Co., Ltd.; Guangdong Liwang High-Tech Co., Ltd.; Ningbo

Vichnet Technology Co., Ltd.; Sicher Elevator Co., Ltd.; Liyang Elevator Engineering Co., Ltd.;

Center Testing International Group Co., Ltd.; Yongkang Weige Industrial & Trading Co., Ltd.;

Jinhua Xinhui Automation Equipment Co., Ltd.; Zhejiang Aopeng Industry and Trading Co.,

Ltd.; China Productivity Center for Machinery; Nanjing Forestry University; Pilz Electronics

(Changzhou) Co., Ltd.; Suzhou Angao Intelligent Security Technology Co., Ltd.; Nanjing

University of Science and Technology; Sichuan Shuxing Youchuang Security Technology Co.,

Ltd.; Suzhou Institute of Quality and Standardization; Hangzhou Fengheng Electromechanical

Co., Ltd.; Foshan BeSure Electromechanical Technology Co., Ltd.; Chen Hsong Machinery

(Shenzhen) Co., Ltd.; Guangdong Bright Dream Robotics Co, Ltd.; Hubei Merit Automobile

Air Conditioner System Co., Ltd.; Guangdong Sunli Intelligent Logistics Equipment Co., Ltd.;

Jizhong Energy Handan Mining Group Company Limited; Zhengzhou Tiei Extraction

Technology Co., Ltd.; Guangdong Xinruan Technology Co., Ltd.; Fujian Heyu Home

Technology Co., Ltd.; Guangdong Yonghui Technology Co., Ltd.; Xi'an Kitinge Testing Co.,

Ltd.; Guangdong Quanwei Industrial Technology Co., Ltd.; Yiwu Hongtao Mold Co., Ltd.;

Shaanxi Jinyoubang Technology Co., Ltd.; Guangdong Xueying Electric Co., Ltd.; Shaanxi

Fanbiao Software Co., Ltd.; and Dongguan Association for Promotion of Standard and Industry

Integration.

Chief drafting staffs of this Document. Chen Miaoren, Shi Zhiyong, Zhang Xiuzhuo, Sun

Chunyang, Wang Lidong, Zhang Zaichun, Huang Zhijiong, Liu Zhishui, Yu Bo, Liu Panchao,

Peng Fusheng, Tu Yingjian, Li Qin, Qin Peijun, Li Liyan, Pang Pengbo, Cheng Hongbing, Ju

Likai, Jiang Yueming, Xu Fengge, Fu Huiqing, Weng Lijun, Ju Ronghua, Huang Qing, Cao

Zhiyong, Hou Hongying, Chen Nengyu, Du Xin, Chen Zhuoxian, Zhou Guangyue, Xue

Wenchao, Dong Kaibo, Zhao Linxiang, Song Xiaoning, Zhang Yuhang, Zhao Baolin, Liu

Zheng, Tang Xiaoren, Liu Ying, Zhao Xiaofei, Ye Guanlin, Chen Kaihua, Chen Ying, Wu

Caichun, Wang Zhewei, Ye Jianhong, and Wang Guangjian.

The historical editions replaced by this Document are as follows.

--- GB 12265.1-1997 was first-time published in 1997;

--- GB 12265.2-2000 was first-time published in 2000;

--- GB 23821-2009 was first-time published in 2009, which was transferred into GB/T

23821-2009 in 2017;

--- It is first-time revised hereby.

1 Scope

This document establishes values for safety distances in both industrial and non-industrial

environments to prevent machinery hazard zones being reached. The safety distances are

appropriate for protective structures. It also gives information about distances to impede free

access by the lower limbs (see Annex B).

2 Normative References

The provisions in following documents become the essential provisions of this Document

through reference in this Document. For the dated documents, only the versions with the dates

indicated are applicable to this Document; for the undated documents, only the latest version

(including all the amendments) is applicable to this Document.

GB/T 15706-2012 Safety of Machinery - General Principles for Design - Risk

Assessment and Risk Reduction (ISO 12100.2010, IDT)

3 Terms and Definitions

For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 15706-2012 and

the following apply.

Level at which persons would normally stand during the use of the machine or access to the

hazard zone.

4 Safety Distances to Prevent Reach or Access by Upper and Lower Limbs

Safety distances are determined if the hazard to be considered has been identified as significant

(see GB/T 15706-2012, 3.8). All reasonably foreseeable access means shall be taken into

account.

The safety distances, sr, given in Table 7 apply to persons reaching through openings using the

lower limbs in an attempt to reach a hazard zone.

Annex A

(Informative)

Use of Tables 1 and 2 with Intermediate Values

The following examples explain the use of the tables referred to in 4.2.2.2 when values other

than those given in these tables themselves will be used. For the examples, Table 2 is used.

Annex B

(Informative)

Distances to Impede Free Access by Lower Limbs

In some cases (e.g. mobile agricultural machines designed to move over uneven ground), the

safety distances given in this document cannot be applied. In such cases, at least protective

structures to restrict the free movement of the lower limbs should be used. For this method, the

values given in this Annex can be used.

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