GB 18597-2023Standard for pollution control on hazardous waste storage (English PDF)

3.1 Hazardous waste

Solid waste that is included in the national hazardous waste inventory or identified as having

hazardous characteristics according to the national hazardous waste identification standards and

identification methods.

3.2 Storage

Activities that temporarily place hazardous waste in specific facilities or locations.

3.3 Storage facility

Facilities that are specially used for storing hazardous wastes include storage warehouses,

storage yards, storage pools and storage tank farms, etc. Among them, centralized storage

facilities are facilities for storing hazardous wastes that are used for the centralized collection,

utilization and disposal of hazardous wastes.

3.8 Storage spot

A place that is included in the hazardous waste registration management organization as

stipulated in HJ 1259 and is used for the storage of hazardous wastes in the same production

and operation site; or a place that is set up near the production line by an organization that

generates hazardous wastes and is used for temporary storage to facilitate the transfer of

hazardous wastes generated by it.

3.9 Storage subarea

An area within a storage facility that is designated for the classified storage of hazardous wastes.

3.10 Package

Activities such as containing, packaging or bundling hazardous waste.

4.1 Organizations that generate, collect, store, utilize and dispose of hazardous wastes shall

build hazardous waste storage facilities or set up storage sites, and select the type of storage

facilities as needed.

4.2 The type and scale of storage facilities or sites for storing hazardous wastes shall be

determined based on factors such as the type, quantity, form, physicochemical properties and

environmental risks of hazardous wastes.

4.6 Storage facilities or sites, containers and packaging shall be equipped with hazardous waste

identification signs such as hazardous waste storage facility or place signs, hazardous waste

storage subarea signs and hazardous waste labels in accordance with the requirements of HJ

1276.

4.7 Hazardous waste environmental key supervision organizations specified in HJ 1259 shall

use electronic floor scales, electronic labels, electronic management ledgers and other technical

means to manage the hazardous waste storage process in an informatization manner to ensure

that the data is complete, true and accurate; if video surveillance is used, the surveillance screen

shall be clear and the video records shall be kept for at least 3 months.

4.8 When a storage facility is decommissioned, the owner or operator shall assume

environmental protection responsibilities in accordance with the law; properly handle and

dispose of the remaining hazardous waste in the storage facility before decommissioning; and

clean up the storage facility to eliminate pollution;

5.1 The site selection of storage facilities shall meet the requirements of ecological and

environmental protection laws and regulations, planning and the "three lines and one list"

ecological and environmental zoning control; and construction projects shall undergo

environmental impact assessment in accordance with the law.

5.2 Centralized storage facilities shall not be located in ecological protection red line areas,

permanent basic farmland and other areas that require special protection; and shall not be built

in karst areas or areas susceptible to severe natural disasters such as floods, landslides,

mudslides, tides, etc.

5.4 The location of the storage facility site and its distance from surrounding environmentally

sensitive targets shall be determined based on the environmental impact assessment documents.

6.1 General provisions

6.1.1 Storage facilities shall take necessary wind, sun, rain, leak, seepage, corrosion resistant

and other environmental pollution prevention measures according to the form, physicochemical

properties, packaging form and migration pathway of hazardous wastes; and hazardous wastes

shall not be piled in the open air.

6.1.5 The same anti-seepage and anti-corrosion technology (including anti-seepage and anti-

corrosion structures or materials) should be used in the same storage facility. The anti-seepage

and anti-corrosion materials shall cover all surfaces of structures that may come into contact

with waste and its leachate, seepage, etc.; different anti-seepage and anti-corrosion technologies

shall be used to build storage subareas separately.

6.1.6 Storage facilities shall take technical and management measures to prevent unauthorized

personnel from entering.

6.2 Storage warehouse

6.2.1 Isolation measures shall be taken between different storage subareas in the storage

warehouse. Isolation measures may be adopted in the form of aisles, partitions or walls

according to the characteristics of hazardous wastes.

6.3 Storage site

6.3.1 The storage site shall be equipped with a runoff diversion system to ensure that it can

prevent local rainstorms with a recurrence period of no less than 25 years from flowing into the

storage area; and take measures to prevent rainwater from washing away hazardous wastes and

avoid increasing the amount of leachate.

6.3.2 The storage site may be designed with liquid diversion and collection facilities as a whole

or in sections. The volume of the collection facilities shall ensure that the leachate, wastewater

and other liquid substances generated in the corresponding storage area can be accommodated

under the most unfavorable conditions.

6.3.3 The storage site shall take measures to prevent the dispersion and loss of hazardous wastes.

6.4 Storage pool

6.4.1 The anti-seepage layer of the storage pool shall cover the entire pool body; and the

foundation anti-seepage shall be carried out in accordance with the requirements of 6.1.4.

6.5 Storage tank farm

6.5.1 The tank body in the storage tank farm shall be set in the cofferdam; and the anti-seepage

and anti-corrosion performance of the cofferdam shall meet the requirements of 6.1.4 and 6.1.5.

6.5.2 The volume of the cofferdam in the storage tank farm shall at least meet the hazardous

waste collection volume requirements when the largest storage tank inside it leaks accidentally.

6.5.3 The waste liquid, wastewater and initial rainwater collected in the cofferdam of the storage

tank farm shall be treated in time and shall not be discharged directly.

7.1 The materials and linings of containers and packaging shall be compatible with the

contained hazardous wastes.

7.4 Flexible containers and packaging shall be tightly sealed when stacked; and there shall be

no damage or leakage.

7.5 When using containers to hold liquid or semi-solid hazardous wastes, appropriate space

shall be left inside the container to accommodate contraction and expansion that may be caused

by temperature changes, etc., to prevent leakage or permanent deformation of the container.

7.6 The outer surface of containers and packaging shall be kept clean.

8.1 General provisions

8.1.1 Solid hazardous wastes that are not easily hydrolyzed or volatilized under normal

temperature and pressure can be stored in classified piles; and other solid hazardous wastes

shall be stored in containers or packaging.

8.1.5 Hazardous wastes that are prone to generate dust, VOCs, acid mist, toxic and harmful air

pollutants, and irritating odor gases shall be stored in closed containers or packaging.

8.1.6 If fugitive emissions such as dust are easily generated during the storage of hazardous

wastes, effective measures such as dust suppression shall be taken.

8.2 Requirements for the operation environment management of storage facilities

8.2.1 Before storing hazardous waste in storage facilities, the consistency of hazardous waste

types and characteristics with hazardous waste labels and other identification signs shall be

verified. If they are inconsistent or with unclear types and characteristics, the hazardous waste

shall not be stored.

8.2.2 The storage status of hazardous wastes shall be checked regularly; the floor of the storage

8.2.7 The owner or operator of a storage facility shall establish a complete file of the storage

facility, including design, construction, acceptance, operation, monitoring and environmental

emergency response, etc.; and shall organize and archive it in accordance with the relevant laws

and regulations on archive management of the state.

8.3 Environmental management requirements for storage spots

8.3.1 Storage spots shall have fixed regional boundaries and shall take measures to isolate them

from other areas.

8.3.2 Storage spots shall take measures to resist wind, rain, sun; and prevent the loss and

dispersion of hazardous waste.

8.3.3 Hazardous waste stored at storage spots shall be placed in containers or packaging and

shall not be directly piled up.

9.1 Wastewater generated by storage facilities (including cleaning wastewater from storage

facilities, operating equipment, vehicles, etc.; rainwater accumulated in storage tank areas;

storage accident wastewater, etc.) shall be collected and treated; and wastewater discharge shall

meet the requirements of GB 8978.

9.4 Solid waste generated and cleaned from storage facilities should be properly handled in

accordance with the requirements for solid waste classification management.

9.5 The environmental noise emitted by storage facilities shall meet the requirements of GB

12348.

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