GB/T 150.1-2024Pressure vessels - Part 1: General requirements (English PDF)

1 Scope

GB/T 150.1-2024 is the Chinese national standard on pressure vessels - part 1: general requirements, in the field of fluid systems and general-purpose components. The /T suffix marks it as a recommended standard: it is not compulsory by itself, but it becomes binding as soon as a contract, a tender or a customer specification calls it up - which in practice is how most foreign buyers meet it. It was issued on 24 July 2024 by the State Administration for Market Regulation; Standardization Administration of China, and has been in force since 1 February 2025. Classification: ICS 23.020.30, CCS J74. This page is published from the official record of the standard held by the Chinese standards administration: the identification, the dates, the classification and the issuing body are taken from there. The clause text, the tables and the numeric limits are in the document itself, which is delivered complete in English translation.

1.1 This document specifies the general requirements for materials, design, fabrication, inspection and acceptance of metal pressure vessels.

1.2 The design pressure applicable to this document is.

a) Steel vessels are not greater than 35 MPa;

b) Other metal vessels are determined according to the corresponding reference standards.

1.3 The design temperature applicable to this document is.

a) Design temperature range. -269 °C ~ 900 °C;

b) The design temperature range of steel vessels is determined according to the allowable use temperature range of materials listed in GB/T 150.2;

c) Other metal vessels are determined according to the allowable use temperature of materials listed in the corresponding reference standards of this document.

1.4 The structural forms applicable to this document are.

a) The structural forms of steel vessels applicable to this document are determined according to the corresponding provisions of this document and GB/T 150.2 ~ GB/T 150.4.

b) The structural forms and applicable scopes of the specific structural vessels and aluminum, titanium, copper, nickel, nickel alloy, zirconium vessels within the scope of application of this document shall comply with the corresponding requirements of the following standards. 1) GB/T 151 heat exchanger; 2) GB/T 12337 Steel spherical tanks; 3) JB/T 4734 Aluminium welded vessels; 4) JB/T 4755 Copper pressure vessels; 5) JB/T 4756 Nickel and nickel alloy pressure vessels;

2 Normative references

The contents of the following documents constitute the essential terms of this document through the normative references in the text. Among them, for the referenced documents with dates, only the versions corresponding to the dates are applicable to this document; for the referenced documents without dates, the latest versions (including all amendments) are applicable to this document.

GB/T 150.2 Pressure vessels - Part

3 Terms, definitions, symbols

3.1 Terms and definitions The terms and definitions as defined in GB/T 26929, as well as the following terms and definitions, apply to this document.

3.1.1 Pressure The force acting vertically on the unit surface area of the vessel.

Note. In this document, unless otherwise specified, pressure refers to gauge pressure.

3.1.2 Volume The geometric volume of the pressure vessel.

Note. Calculated from the dimensions marked on the design drawing (without considering fabrication tolerances) and rounded. Generally, it is necessary to deduct the volume of the internal parts permanently connected to the pressure vessel.

3.1.3 Operating pressure The maximum pressure that may be reached at the top of the vessel, under normal working conditions.

4 Failure mode

The main failure modes usually considered in vessel construction are as follows:

a) Short-term failure mode. Brittle fracture, ductile fracture (such as plastic collapse, local overstrain), excessive deformation, buckling.

Note. Excessive deformation may cause leakage of medium or loss of other functions at flanges and other joints.

b) Long-term failure mode. Creep rupture, creep excessive deformation, buckling instability, corrosion and erosion, environmentally assisted cracking.

c) Cyclic failure mode. Ratcheting or progressive plastic deformation, alternating plasticity, fatigue, environmentally assisted fatigue.

Appendix A

(Normative) Declaration of conformity and revision of standards A.1 The formulation of this document and GB/T 150.2 ~ GB/T 150.4 follows the basic safety requirements stipulated in the national pressure vessel safety regulations; its design criteria, material requirements, fabrication inspection technical requirements, acceptance criteria are in accordance with the corresponding provisions of TSG

21.This document and GB/T 150.2 ~ GB/T 150.4 are all coordinated standards, that is, pressure vessels built according to the requirements of this document and GB/T 150.2 ~ GB/T 150.4 can meet the basic safety requirements of TSG 21. A.2 The revision of the standard adopts the proposal review system. Any organization or individual has the right to make suggestions for the revision of this document. The revision suggestions shall be submitted to the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Boiler and Pressure Vessels (hereinafter referred to as the "Committee"), in the form of "Table A.1 Standard proposal/inquiry form". The Committee reviews the standard revision proposals received and incorporates the adopted technical content into the next version of the standard, based on the review results.

Appendix B

(Normative) Overpressure relief device B.1 General B.1.1 When overpressure may occur in the vessel during use, an overpressure relief device may be equipped according to the requirements of this Appendix. B.1.2 The overpressure relief device of the vessel includes a safety valve, a bursting disc device, a combination of a safety valve and a bursting disc device, etc. B.1.3 The calculation formula for the safe relief volume in the event of a liquefied gas fire is only applicable to liquefied gases, whose corresponding saturation temperature at the maximum relief pressure is lower than the critical temperature of the medium. B.1.4 The fire accident in this Appendix refers to an external pool fire in an open space with good ventilation conditions; it does not apply to serious fire accidents such as jet fire and fire in a confined space. B.1.5 This Appendix does not apply to vessels containing refrigerated liquefied gases. B.1.6 This Appendix does not apply to vessels, that may produce a sharp increase in pressure during operation and whose reaction speed reaches a detonation state.

Note. Detonation refers to a phenomenon that is fundamentally different from the usual deflagration, when the burning speed of a substance is extremely fast and reaches more than 1000 m/s. B.2 Definition B.2.1 Set pressure The set pressure at which the safety valve starts to open under operating conditions is the pressure measured at the valve inlet. B.2.2 Design bursting pressure The bursting pressure value of the bursting disc at the design bursting temperature, which is set according to the working conditions of the vessel and the corresponding safety technical specifications. B.2.3 Maximum allowable accumulation pressure The overpressure relative to the design pressure allowed to be reached by the vessel.

Note. When the maximum allowable working pressure is marked on the drawings and nameplates of the vessel, the maximum allowable working pressure can be used instead of the design pressure as the basis for overpressure. B.2.4 Maximum relief pressure The maximum pressure at the inlet of the overpressure relief device during the pressure relief process.

Note. In the formula for calculating the minimum required relief area in this Appendix, the maximum relief pressure uses absolute pressure. B.2.5 Safe relief volume The minimum relief volume required to ensure the safety of the vessel when overpressure occurs. B.2.6 Basic overpressure relief device When multiple overpressure relief devices are set in parallel and graded, the overpressure relief device with the lowest operating pressure and opened first. B.2.7 Additional overpressure relief device When multiple overpressure relief devices are set in parallel and graded, for overpressure not caused by fire, overpressure relief devices other than basic overpressure relief devices. B.2.8 Auxiliary overpressure relief device When multiple overpressure relief devices are set in parallel and graded, for overpressure caused by fire, overpressure relief devices other than basic overpressure relief devices and additional overpressure relief devices. B.2.9 Back pressure The pressure at the outlet of the safety relief device.

Note. The back pressure is the sum of the additional back pressure and the relief back pressure; in the formula for calculating the minimum relief area in this Appendix, the back pressure is the absolute pressure. B.2.10 Relief back pressure The pressure at the outlet caused by the flow of the relief medium, after the overpressure relief device is opened. B.2.11 Additional back pressure The static pressure at the outlet caused by other pressure sources in the relief system, before the overpressure relief device is opened. B.3 General provisions B.3.1 When a vessel is equipped with an overpressure relief device, the design pressure of the vessel is generally used as the starting pressure of the accumulated pressure. When the maximum allowable working pressure is marked on the design drawing and nameplate, the maximum allowable working pressure of the vessel can be used instead of the design pressure. B.3.2 The overpressure relief device consists of one or more overpressure relief devices. When set in parallel, it can be divided into basic overpressure relief devices, additional overpressure relief devices, auxiliary overpressure relief devices according to their functions; their operating pressures can be set in stages. B.3.3 By reasonably setting the type of overpressure relief device, the operating pressure (the set pressure of the safety valve or the design bursting pressure of the bursting disc, the same below) and the relief area (the actual relief area of the overpressure relief device shall meet the requirements of the safe relief volume of the vessel, see B.7), ensure that the accumulated pressure in the vessel does not exceed the maximum allowable accumulated pressure, as follows:

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