GB 1351-2023Wheat (English PDF)

3.1 Test weight

The mass of wheat grains per unit volume.

NOTE: Expressed in grams per liter (g/L).

3.2 Defected kernel

Wheat kernels that are damaged but still usable.

NOTE 1: Including insect-bored kernels, diseased kernels, heat-damaged kernels, broken kernels, sprouted kernels and moldy kernels.

NOTE 2: Insect-bored kernels are kernels that have been damaged by insects, with the embryo or endosperm damaged.

NOTE 3: Diseased kernels (mottled kernels) refer to kernels with disease spots on the surface, which damage the embryo or endosperm; diseased kernels include black point kernels and fusarium damaged kernels. Black point kernels refer to kernels with obvious dark brown or black seed coats in the embryo or other parts, which damage the embryo or endosperm. Fusarium damaged kernels refer to kernels that are wrinkled, dull white, or have purple kernels, or have obvious pink moldy substances, with black ascocarps in between.

NOTE 4: Heat-damaged kernels refer to kernels that have changed their normal color or been damaged due to heat generation or heat exposure caused by microorganisms or other reasons.

NOTE 5: Broken kernels are kernels that are crushed, broken, or have damaged embryo or endosperm.

NOTE 6: Sprouted kernels are kernels whose seed coat has ruptured at the embryonic part although the bud or rootlet has not yet broken through the seed coat, or whose bud or rootlet has broken through the seed coat but does not exceed the length of the kernel itself.

NOTE 7: Mouldy kernels refer to kernels that are moldy.

3.3 Impurities; useless material

Other materials other than wheat, and wheat of no use value.

NOTE 1: Including screenings, inorganic impurities and organic impurities.

NOTE 2: Screenings refer to the material that passes through a sieve with a round hole of 1.5 mm in diameter.

NOTE 3: Inorganic impurities refer to soil, sand, gravel, bricks and tiles and other inorganic substances.

NOTE 4: Organic impurities refer to foreign grains, wheat of no use value and other organic substances other than wheat.

NOTE 5: Wheat with no use value refers to grains that cannot be used as wheat raw materials, including: wheat that has completely changed color and deteriorated, wheat with sprouts longer than the length of the grain, wheat with nematode disease, wheat with bunt disease, etc.

3.4 Color and brightness

The colour and luster of a batch of wheat under specified conditions.

3.5 Odor

The smell of a batch of wheat under specified conditions.

3.6 Wheat hardness

The ability of wheat kernels to resist deformation and breakage under external forces.

3.7 Wheat hardness index

The wheat sample is crushed under specified conditions. The wheat hardness index refers to the mass fraction of the sample retained on the sieve.

NOTE: Expressed by HI.