GB/T 25386.1-2021Wind turbines—Control system—Part 1: Technical condition (English PDF)

4.2.3 Requirements of the place of use

The place where the control system is used should meet the following requirements.

a) There should be no gas or conductive medium that corrodes and destroys the insulation, and there should be no medium that causes fire or explosion, and there should be no obvious And more serious molds;

b) The grounding resistance of the place of use should not be greater than 4ohm;

c) For climatic conditions and use places in accordance with GB/T 19608.1, GB/T 19608.2 and GB/T 19608.3 series standards Claim.

4.3 Power supply conditions

4.3.1 AC power

The control system should be able to operate normally under the following AC power environmental conditions.

a) Power supply voltage frequency change range. 47.5Hz~51.5Hz;

b) Allowable fluctuation range of power supply voltage. -10%~10% of the rated voltage;

c) The unbalance of the power supply voltage should meet the provisions of Chapter 4 of GB/T 15543-2008, and work normally within its range;

d) The power supply voltage waveform is a sine wave, and the total harmonic distortion rate of the voltage should not be greater than 5%.

4.3.2 DC power supply

The control system should be able to operate normally under the following DC power supply environmental conditions.

a) Allowable deviation of power supply voltage. -10%~ 10%;

b) The ripple factor of the power supply voltage should not be greater than 5%.

4.4 Control cabinet and components

4.4.1 Cabinet design requirements

4.4.1.1 The design and structure of the cabinet shall comply with the relevant regulations of GB/T 20641.

4.4.1.2 The cabinet design should meet the installation and maintenance requirements in the tower and engine room, and when necessary, there should be corresponding vibration reduction measures.

4.4.1.3 The cabinet design should meet the requirements of safety grounding to prevent damage caused by overvoltage induced by lightning.

4.4.2 Component requirements

4.4.2.1 The components used in the control system shall comply with its own relevant standards and relevant regulations of GB/T 5226.1.

4.4.2.2 The programmable controller shall comply with the relevant regulations of GB/T 15969.1 and GB/T 15969.2.

4.4.2.3 The metal parts of the product should undergo anti-corrosion treatment, all parts should be intact, and the appearance of the product should be free of scratches, damage and deformation.

4.4.2.4 The parts and components of the product should be installed correctly and firmly, and achieve reliable mechanical and electrical connections.

4.4.2.5 The operation and adjustment parts such as knobs, control switches, transfer switches, buttons, etc. should be flexible in operation, and there should be no jams, looseness and poor contact, etc.

Phenomenon, there should be no loosening or state change phenomenon after vibration.

4.4.3 Electrical connection requirements

4.4.3.1 The correctness of each electrical connection should be ensured. Auxiliary devices such as relays, contactors, miniature circuit breakers, and electronic components should be assembled Before confirming that it is in a qualified state.

4.4.3.2 The laying and connection of cables and wires shall meet the requirements of GB 50171.

4.5 Electromagnetic compatibility

4.5.1 Ringing wave immunity test

The control cabinet should be able to withstand the ring wave immunity test with the test level 3 specified in Chapter 5 of GB/T 17626.12-2013.

4.5.2 Electrostatic discharge test

The control cabinet shall be able to withstand the electrostatic discharge immunity test with the test level of level 3 specified in Chapter 5 of GB/T 17626.2-2018.

4.5.3 Radiated electromagnetic field immunity test

The control cabinet should be able to withstand the radiated electromagnetic field immunity test with the test level of level 3 specified in Chapter 5 of GB/T 17626.3-2016.

4.5.4 Electrical fast transient/pulse group immunity test

The control cabinet should be able to withstand the electrical fast transient pulse group immunity of the test level 3 specified in Chapter 5 of GB/T 17626.4-2018 Degree test.

4.5.5 Surge immunity test

The control cabinet should be able to withstand the surge group immunity test with the test level of level 3 specified in Chapter 5 of GB/T 17626.5-2019.

4.5.6 Conducted disturbance immunity test induced by radio frequency field

The control cabinet should be able to withstand the conducted disturbance induced by the radio frequency field with the test level of level 3 specified in Chapter 5 of GB/T 17626.6-2017 Immunity test.

4.6 Insulation performance

4.6.1 Insulation resistance

The charged conductive circuits of the control cabinet are connected to the ground (i.e. the housing or exposed non-charged metal parts), as well as those without electrical connection.

Between conductive loops, test the insulation resistance value should not be less than 1Mohm.

4.6.2 Dielectric properties

4.6.2.1 Impact withstand voltage

Between the live part of the control cabinet and the exposed conductive part, and between the live parts of different potentials, it should be able to withstand GB/T 7251.1- The impulse withstand voltage specified in 9.1.3 in 2013 has no breakdown or flashover. When the altitude of the product use location is different from the altitude of the test location It should be revised in accordance with the provisions of 5.5.1 in GB/T 20626.1-2017.

4.6.2.2 Power frequency withstand voltage

Between the live part of the control cabinet and the exposed conductive part, and between the live parts of different potentials, it should be able to withstand GB/T 7251.1- The power frequency withstand voltage specified in 9.1.2 in 2013, after 1 min of inspection, there is no breakdown or flashover phenomenon. When the product is used at altitude and When the altitude of the test site is different, it should be corrected in accordance with the provisions of 5.5.1 in GB/T 20626.1-2017.

4.7 Mechanical properties

4.7.1 Vibration test (sinusoidal)

4.7.1.1 Vibration response

The vibration test level of the control cabinet is in accordance with GB/T 2423.10, with an amplitude of 1mm in the vibration frequency band of 1Hz~13.2Hz, at 13.

The 2Hz~100Hz vibration frequency band is swept at an acceleration of 0.7g in 3 mutually perpendicular axes at a rate of one octave per minute.

Frequency, detect the resonance frequency of each axis. According to GB/T 7094, measure the Q value of the amplification factor and record the frequency at which the Q value is greater than or equal to 2 Point, and use a simple icon in the test report to indicate the location of the acceleration sensor.If the performance of the sample meets the relevant requirements, the amplification factor Q value is less than or Equal to 5 is acceptable. Any resonance with an amplification factor Q greater than 5 is unacceptable.

4.7.1.2 Vibration durability

In the vibration response inspection of the control cabinet, if a dangerous frequency with an amplification factor Q greater than or equal to 2 is found, it should be at each dangerous frequency Point, in accordance with the frequency range and amplitude specified in 4.7.1.1 for vibration resistance test, the test time is at least 30min. Several dangerous frequencies as measured When it is relatively close, the frequency sweep test can be used to replace the discrete frequency test, the duration is 120min, and the frequency sweep range covers the dangerous frequency.

0.8 times to 1.2 times. If there is no dangerous frequency, the vibration resistance test should be carried out at 30Hz, and the test time should be at least 30min.

4.7.2 Impact test

According to GB/T 2423.5, the impact test was carried out with a peak acceleration of 15g and a pulse duration of 6ms.

4000 impact tests are carried out on mutually perpendicular axes. The shock repetition rate should be less than the minimum resonance frequency in the vibration response test 1/10.

4.8 Low temperature performance

The control cabinet should be tested in accordance with GB/T 2423.1. After the test temperature is the lower limit of the working temperature and is stable, the product is energized and started to run. The continuous running time is 2h.

Note: If the user has special requirements, it is determined by the manufacturer and the user through consultation.

4.9 High temperature performance

The control cabinet should be tested in accordance with GB/T 2423.2. After the test temperature is the upper limit of the working temperature and is stable, the product is energized and started to run. The continuous running time is 2h.

Note: If the user has special requirements, it is determined by the manufacturer and the user through consultation.

4.10 Humidity and heat performance

According to the experimental conditions and use environment, choose one of the following two methods.

a) Alternating damp heat. The control cabinet is tested according to GB/T 2423.4, the high temperature is 55°C, and the number of cycles is 2 times. Test 4.6.1 after the test The insulation resistance of a certain part should not be less than 0.5Mohm. The dielectric strength should not be lower than the dielectric strength test voltage value specified in 4.6.2 75% of it.

b) Constant heat and humidity. The control cabinet is tested in accordance with GB/T 2423.3, the test temperature is 40°C, the humidity is 93%, and the test time is 48h. test After the test, the insulation resistance of the specified part in 4.6.1 shall not be less than 0.5Mohm. The dielectric strength should not be lower than the medium specified in 4.6.2 75% of the strength test voltage value.

4.11 Mildew resistance

The mildew resistance of the main control cabinet of offshore wind turbines should meet the requirements of GB/T 33630, and the whole cabinet or samples can be used for testing.

4.12 Salt spray resistance

The salt spray resistance of the main control cabinet of offshore wind turbine generators should meet the requirements of GB/T 33630, and the whole cabinet or samples can be used for testing.

4.13 Equipment safety

4.13.1 Protection against electric shock

4.13.1.1 The control cabinet should adopt reliable grounding protection measures, and ensure the continuity of grounding, and the resistance of the circuit should not exceed 0.1ohm, Should meet the requirements of GB/T 3797 to prevent indirect contact with electricity.

4.13.1.2 The control cabinet should take measures, such as baffles, protective doors, effective insulation safety signs, etc., to prevent direct contact with electricity.

4.13.2 Enclosure protection

4.13.2.1 The protection level of the control cabinet body meets IP54, the protection level of the plug-in connector meets IP65, and the surface of the joint shell is powder-painted Yes, it should be corrosion resistant and comply with the specifications for electromagnetic compatibility applications.

4.13.2.2 All external sensors and switches require corrosion resistance, a strong metal shell, and the protection level should meet IP65.

4.13.2.3 The flammability of insulating materials and components in the cabinet shall comply with the provisions of GB/T 14598.27-2017 in 7.6.

4.14 Lightning protection design

The lightning protection design of the control cabinet should meet the requirements of GB/T 33629 and GB/T 21714.4.

5.1 Design principles

5.1.1 The control system should make the unit operate within the range of design parameters under specified external conditions.

5.1.2 The control system should optimize the operating efficiency of the unit through the control of the actuator, and realize the efficient and safe operation of the unit.

5.1.3 The control system should be able to detect the failure of the unit, such as overspeed, over vibration, over power, overheating, etc., and take perfect protective measures.

5.1.4 The control system should have the ability to control at least two sets of independent braking systems.

5.2 Functional requirements

5.2.1 Overview

The control system should include operation monitoring functions, such as data acquisition and processing, parameter monitoring and protection, human-computer interaction, event and fault information recording Recording, continuous data recording, etc.; operation control functions, such as start control, shutdown control, grid-connected control, variable speed control, constant power operation control, yaw Control, un-cable control, etc. The control system can also adopt advanced control functions, such as power generation optimization control, load optimization control, and grid adaptive control. System, environmental adaptability control, etc.

5.2.2 Operation monitoring function

5.2.2.1 Data collection and processing functions

The control system should have the function of collecting and processing unit operation-related data through communication or direct signal detection, such as.

Parameters, environmental parameters, converter control parameters, pitch system control parameters, other unit operating parameters, etc.

5.2.2.2 Basic monitoring functions

5.2.2.2.1 Basic design requirements

The unit fault monitoring function shall at least meet the following requirements.

a) All failure and early warning limits should meet the design requirements of the complete machine load, the load of each component, and the electrical performance of the equipment (provided by the manufacturer);

b) Each fault has an independent fault code, or fault number, and can be accurately located;

c) It can provide the time sequence of fault occurrence in the scanning period of the control system;

d) Able to give different levels of shutdown commands according to the degree of risk and particularity of the failure, warning;

e) If two or more failures are related to each other or have a common cause, they should be handled as one failure;

f) When the protection function and the control function conflict, the protection function should have priority;

g) When the safety chain is triggered, it should be confirmed by the staff before the fault reset can be carried out;

h) The recommended fault parameters should have the following attribute settings.

---Set the trigger condition of the fault;

---Set the reset conditions of the fault;

---Set the fault reset method;

---Set the shutdown mode of the failure.

5.2.2.2.2 Monitoring of the number of self-start (reset)

Considering the safety requirements of the whole machine design, after the unit is shut down, the number of allowed self-starting (reset) should be limited to prevent potential risks. occur.

a) For different faults, the number of self-starting (reset) that occur within the set time needs to be limited;

b) Once the manual reset or start action occurs, the status of the self-start (reset) times protection is cleared.

5.2.2.3 Human-computer interaction

The control system should be equipped with a human-machine interface (HMI) or a mobile HMI.

On the process monitoring platform, real-time display of unit status, parameter modification, manual operation and other functions.

a) Configure different permission levels according to different user objects;

b) The main interface should display the current status of the unit (standby, grid connection, shutdown, etc.), as well as wind speed, wind direction, speed, power, pitch angle, etc. information;

c) Real-time monitoring of the status of each subsystem;

d) Browse information such as the fault level, fault status code, and event that occurred;

e) Modify system parameters;

f) Manual operation, such as manual shutdown, reset (start), manual yaw and other functions;

g) It has the function of distinguishing the priority of operation authority, the authority priority level. engine room operation authority > tower base operation authority > remote operation Permissions.

5.2.2.4 Event and fault information record

The control system should be able to automatically record several recent key events and fault information locally. The number of specific records is generated by the device The manufacturer is determined according to the characteristics of its own equipment.

5.2.2.5 Data continuous recording function

The control system should have the function of continuous data recording. When the unit has an accident (fault), it can record the key information continuously.

The sampling interval should be the scanning period of the control system. The data length requirement is at least. it can reflect the abnormality of the accident before the accident. After the accident, a complete shutdown process can be recorded.

5.2.2.6 Data statistics function

5.2.2.6.1 Calculation of mean and maximum data

The variables that participate in control and require averaging should be averaged in a relatively short period of time. The average value should be within the specified time (e.g.

10min) The average value calculated by the average method, the maximum value is the maximum or minimum value that occurs within a period of time. The mean and maximum data should include the following.

a) Wind speed, wind direction, rotor speed, generator speed, generator torque, yaw error, pitch angle, etc.;

b) Ambient temperature, engine room temperature, generator temperature, gearbox oil temperature (if gearbox is available), pitch motor temperature, cooling system temperature, Engine room vibration, hydraulic system pressure, etc.;

c) Three-phase voltage, three-phase current, frequency, active power, reactive power, etc.

5.2.2.6.2 Power generation statistics

The control system software should have the statistical function of the unit's net on-grid power and the power curve statistical function, and the statistical resolution should not be less than 1kWh.

5.2.2.6.3 Statistics

The calculation of statistical data should be performed continuously and uninterrupted (except when the controller is powered off and does not have the computing power), and important statistical data should be stored in The control system power-off retention area or save it in a file in a timed storage mode. When the control system is powered on again, all data should be restored To the moment of power failure.

When data loss occurs due to special circumstances, users with operating permissions can perform statistics on the man-machine interface or remotely. The data is corrected.

5.2.2.6.4 Availability statistics

The statistics of availability should be implemented in accordance with the provisions of GB /Z 35482 and GB /Z 35483.

5.2.2.7 Maintenance status

The maintenance position switch of the control cabinet can make the unit enter the maintenance state, and can distinguish between ordinary troubleshooting and periodic maintenance of the unit. maintain.

5.2.3 Basic control functions

5.2.3.1 Converter cooperation function and interface

In order to realize the control function of the whole unit, the control system needs the converter as the actuator to cooperate and realize the torque control. Converter connection Receive commands such as electromagnetic torque and power factor (or reactive power) of the control system of the receiving unit to achieve the corresponding control objectives and to control the operation status of the converter.

Information such as status, operating data and faults are returned to the unit control system, and its collaboration functions include.

a) The control system should be able to issue start and stop commands to the converter to control the start and stop of the converter; if necessary, it can also issue grid-side transformers.

Separate start and stop commands for the converter and the machine-side converter;

b) The control system should be able to issue command values such as torque reference to the converter to adjust the grid-connected active power of the unit;

c) The control system should be able to issue command values such as power factor setting or reactive power setting to the converter to adjust the reactive power of the unit;

d) The communication between the control system and the converter needs to be periodically monitored. When the communication between the two is interrupted, it needs to be Perform shutdown protection;