GB 18598-2019Standard for pollution control on the hazardous waste landfill (English PDF)

Foreword

To implement the "Environmental Protection Law of the People's Republic of China"

Law of the People's Republic of China on Soil Pollution Prevention and Control, this standard specifies the entry conditions for landfill of hazardous waste, the site selection of landfills,

Ecological environmental protection requirements for design, construction, operation, closure and monitoring.

This standard was first published in.2001 and this is the first revision.

The main contents of this revision.

 Standardize the technical requirements for site selection of hazardous waste landfill sites;

 Strict entry criteria for hazardous waste landfills;

Restricted the discharge control requirements of hazardous waste landfills;

 Improve the technical requirements for the operation and monitoring of hazardous waste landfills.

The odorous pollutants and environmental noise emitted by hazardous waste landfills shall be subject to the corresponding national pollutant discharge standards. Dangerous waste

Self-monitoring of landfills shall be carried out in accordance with the requirements of this standard, and shall be subject to the regulations after the self-monitoring guidelines of the pollutant discharge units of the industry are released.

set.

Appendix A of this standard is an informative appendix and Appendix B is a normative appendix.

From the date of implementation of this standard, the "Hazardous Waste Landfill Pollution Control Standards" (GB 18598-2001) shall be abolished.

Provincial people's governments may formulate local pollutant discharges for atmospheric and water pollutants items not specified in this standard.

Standards; for atmospheric and water pollutants projects already specified in this standard, local pollutant discharges that are stricter than this standard may be formulated.

standard.

This standard is formulated by the Department of Solid Waste and Chemicals, Department of Regulations and Standards of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment.

This standard is mainly drafted by. China Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing High Energy Times Environmental Technology Co., Ltd.

This standard was approved by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment on September 12,.2019.

This standard has been implemented since June 1, 2020.

This standard is explained by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment.

Hazardous waste landfill pollution control standard

1 Scope of application

This standard specifies the entry conditions for landfill of hazardous waste, site selection, design, construction, operation, closure and supervision of landfills.

Environmental protection requirements for testing.

This standard is applicable to the pollution control of the construction, operation, closure and environmental management process of new hazardous waste landfills.

system. Admission requirements, operational requirements, pollutant discharge requirements, environmental protection after closure and closure of existing hazardous waste landfills

Requirements and monitoring requirements shall be implemented in accordance with this standard. This standard is applicable to the environmental pollution of hazardous waste landfills by competent environmental authorities.

Supervision and management of dyeing prevention and control.

This standard does not apply to the disposal of radioactive waste and the temporary disposal of hazardous waste in the event of an accident.

2 Normative references

The contents of this standard refer to the terms in the following documents. For undated references, the valid version applies to

This standard.

GB 5085.3 Identification criteria for hazardous wastes

GB 6920 Determination of pH of water - Glass electrode method

GB 7466 Determination of total chromium in water (Part 1)

GB 7467 -- Determination of hexavalent chromium -- Dibenzoyl hydrazide spectrophotometric method

GB 7470 -- Determination of lead in water -- Dithizone spectrophotometric method

GB 7471 Determination of cadmium in water -- Dithizone spectrophotometric method

GB 7472 -- Determination of zinc in water -- Dithizone spectrophotometric method

GB 7475 - Determination of copper, zinc, lead and cadmium - Atomic absorption spectrophotometric method

GB 7484 Determination of fluoride in water quality - Ion selective electrode method

GB 7485 -- Determination of total arsenic in water - s.

GB 8978 Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard

GB 11893 Determination of total phosphorus in water - Ammonium molybdate spectrophotometric method

GB 11895 Determination of benzo (alpha) pyrene - acetylated filter paper chromatographic spectrophotometric method

GB 11901 Determination of suspended solids by weight method

GB 11907 Determination of silver in water -- Flame atomic absorption spectrophotometric method

GB 16297 Integrated emission standards for atmospheric pollutants

GB 37822 Volatile Organic Compounds Unorganized Emission Control Standard

GB 50010 concrete structure design specification

GB 50108 Underground Engineering Waterproof Technical Specifications

GB/T 14204 Water quality - Determination of alkyl mercury - Gas chromatography

GB/T 14848 Groundwater Quality Standard

GB/T 15555.1 Determination of total mercury in solid waste - Cold atomic absorption spectrophotometric method

GB/T 15555.3 Determination of arsenic in solid waste - Diethyldithiocarbamate silver spectrophotometric method

GB/T 15555.4 Determination of hexavalent chromium in solid waste - Diphenylcarbazide spectrophotometric method

GB/T 15555.5 Determination of total chromium in solid waste - Diphenylcarbazide spectrophotometric method

GB/T 15555.7 Determination of hexavalent chromium in solid waste - Ammonium sulphate titration

GB/T 15555.10 Determination of nickel in solid waste - succinimide spectrophotometric method

GB/T 15555.11 Determination of fluoride in solid waste - Ion selective electrode method

GB/T 15555.12 Determination of corrosion of solid wastes - Glass electrode method

HJ 84 Water quality inorganic anions (F-, Cl-, NO2-, Br-, NO3-, PO43-, SO32-, SO42-)

Determination of ion chromatography

HJ 478 Water quality determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons - Liquid - liquid extraction and solid phase extraction - High performance liquid chromatography

HJ 484 Determination of water cyanide - Volumetric method and spectrophotometric method

Water quality - Determination of copper - diethyldithiocarbamate spectrophotometric method

Water quality -- Determination of copper 2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline spectrophotometric method

HJ 487 Determination of fluoride in water quality - Zirconium sulphonate

HJ 488 Determination of fluoride in water - Fluorescence spectrophotometric method

HJ 489 Determination of silver in water 3,5-Br2-PADAP spectrophotometric method

HJ 490 Determination of silver in water - cadmium reagent 2B spectrophotometric method

HJ 501 Determination of Total Organic Carbon in Water - Combustion Oxidation - Non-dispersive Infrared Absorption Method

HJ 505 Water quality five-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) determination dilution and inoculation method

HJ 535 Water quality - Determination of ammonia nitrogen - Nyna reagent spectrophotometric method

HJ 536 - Determination of ammonia nitrogen - Water salic acid spectrophotometric method

HJ 537 Determination of water ammonia nitrogen - Distillation - Neutralization titration

HJ 597 Determination of total mercury in water - Cold atomic absorption spectrophotometric method

HJ 602 Determination of water quality - Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometric method

HJ 636 Determination of total nitrogen in water - Alkaline potassium persulfate digestion - UV spectrophotometric method

HJ 659 Determination of water cyanide, etc. Vacuum test tube - electronic colorimetry

HJ 665 Determination of ammonia nitrogen in water - Continuous flow - Salicylic acid spectrophotometric method

HJ 666 Water quality - Determination of ammonia nitrogen - Flow injection - salicylic acid spectrophotometric method

HJ 667 Determination of total nitrogen in water - Continuous flow - Naphthylethylenediamine hydrochloride spectrophotometric method

HJ 668 Determination of total nitrogen in water - Flow injection - Naphthyldiamine hydrochloride spectrophotometric method

HJ 670 Determination of water quality - Phosphate and total phosphorus - Continuous flow - Ammonium molybdate spectrophotometric method

HJ 671 Determination of total phosphorus in water - Flow injection - Ammonium molybdate spectrophotometric method

HJ 687 Determination of hexavalent chromium in solid waste - Alkaline digestion/flame atomic absorption spectrophotometric method

HJ 694 Determination of mercury, arsenic, selenium, tellurium and strontium

HJ 700 Water quality - Determination of 65 elements - Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

HJ 702 Determination of Mercury, Arsenic, Selenium, Tellurium and Tellurium in Solid Wastes by Microwave Digestion/Atomic Fluorescence

HJ 749 Determination of total chromium in solid waste - Flame atomic absorption spectrophotometric method

HJ 750 Determination of total chromium in solid waste - Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometric method

Determination of nickel and copper in solid waste -- Flame atomic absorption spectrophotometric method

HJ 752 solid waste - Determination of nickel, copper and molybdenum - Atomic absorption spectrophotometric method

HJ 761 Determination of organic matter in solid wastes

HJ 766 Determination of metallic elements in solid waste - Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

HJ 767 Determination of solid waste 石墨 Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry

HJ 776 Determination of 32 elements in water quality by inductively coupled plasma atomic spectroscopy

HJ 781 Determination of 22 Metal Elements in Solid Wastes by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry

HJ 786 - Determination of lead, zinc and cadmium - Atomic absorption spectrophotometric method

HJ 787 solid waste - Determination of lead and cadmium by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry

HJ 823 Determination of water cyanide - Flow injection - spectrophotometric method

HJ 828 Determination of chemical oxygen demand in water - Dichromate method

HJ 999 Determination of fluorine in solid waste - Alkali fusion-ion selective electrode method

HJ/T 59 Determination of water quality 石墨 Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometric method

HJ/T 91 Surface Water and Wastewater Monitoring Technical Specifications

HJ/T 195 Determination of ammonia nitrogen in water quality - Gas chromatography

HJ/T.199 Determination of total nitrogen in water -- Gas phase molecular absorption spectroscopy

HJ/T 299 solid waste leaching toxicity leaching method sulfuric acid nitric acid method

HJ/T 399 Determination of chemical oxygen demand in water - Rapid digestion spectrophotometric method

CJ/T 234 high density polyethylene geomembrane for landfill

CJJ 113 Domestic Waste Sanitary Landfill Anti-seepage System Engineering Technical Specification

Technical specification for geotechnical engineering of CJJ 176 domestic waste sanitary landfill

NY/T 1121.16 Soil testing - Part 16. Determination of total water soluble salts

Measures for the Automatic Monitoring and Control of Pollution Sources (Order No. 28 of the State Environmental Protection Administration)

3 Terms and definitions

4 Landfill site selection requirements

4.1 The site selection of the landfill should comply with environmental protection laws and regulations and relevant statutory planning requirements.

4.2 The location of the landfill site and the distance from the surrounding population should be determined based on the conclusion of the environmental impact assessment.

When conducting environmental impact assessments on hazardous waste landfill sites, priority should be given to the potential for landfill leachate in hazardous waste landfills.

The risks, the long-term safety of the landfill structure and the anti-seepage layer, and the resulting risk of leakage, etc., according to their location

The regional functional area category, combined with the long-term development plan of the area and the design life of the landfill, focusing on its evaluation of the week

The long-term effects of the groundwater environment, the physical health of the residents, daily life and production activities, and the determination of their permanent residents

Reasonable positional relationship between residential areas, agricultural land, surface water bodies and other sensitive objects.

4.3 Landfill sites should not be selected in the relevant departments of the State Council and the State Council and the people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government.

The ecological protection red line area, permanent basic farmland and other areas that require special protection.

4.4 Landfill sites should not be selected in the following areas. destructive earthquakes and active tectonic zones, tsunami and swell affected areas; wetlands;

Areas where ground stress is highly concentrated, ground elevation or sedimentation rate is fast; limestone cave development zone; abandoned mining area, subsidence zone;

Collapse, rock piles, landslide areas; areas affected by flash floods and mudslides; active dune areas; alluvial fans and gully areas that have not yet stabilized

Other areas that may compromise the safety of the landfill.

4.5 The elevation of the landfill site should be located above the flood level with a return period of not less than 100 years and the water in the long-term plan.

Artificial water storage facilities such as reservoirs are flooded and outside the protected area.

4.6 The geological conditions of the landfill site should meet the following requirements, except for rigid landfills.

a) The regional stability and rock and soil stability of the field area are good, the permeability is low, and no spring water is exposed;

b) The bottom of the anti-seepage structure of the landfill should be kept at a distance of more than 3 m from the highest water level recorded since the groundwater was recorded.

4.7 Landfill sites should not be selected in areas of high compressibility silt, peat and soft soil, except for rigid landfill site selection.

4.8 The saturated permeability coefficient of the natural foundation layer of the landfill site should not exceed 1.0x10-5 cm/s, and its thickness should not be less than 2 m.

Except for rigid landfills.

4.9 When the landfill site cannot meet the requirements of 4.6, 4.7 and 4.8, it must be constructed in accordance with the requirements of the rigid landfill.

5 Design, construction and quality assurance

5.1 The landfill should include the following facilities. receiving and storage facilities, analysis and identification systems, pre-treatment facilities, landfill disposal facilities

Applications (including. anti-seepage systems, leachate collection and drainage systems, landfill gas control facilities), environmental monitoring systems (

These include synthetic material lining leak detection, groundwater monitoring, stability monitoring, and environmental inspection of atmospheric and surface water.

Test), closure of the system (landfill phase), emergency facilities and other public works and ancillary facilities. At the same time,

The specific conditions include the installation of leachate and wastewater treatment systems and groundwater drainage systems.

5.2 Landfills should be constructed with closed fences or fences and other isolation facilities, special gates for management, safety protection and monitoring facilities,

The main construction content and environmental management system of the landfill are identified at the entrance.

5.3 Landfill disposal of incompatible waste should be set up with different landfill areas, and the partition design should be beneficial for possible future waste recovery.

operating.

5.4 Flexible landfills shall be provided with leachate collection and drainage systems, including leachate drainage layers, drainage pipes and collection wells. Seepage

The slope of the filtrate drainage layer should not be less than 2%. The drainage effect of the leachate drainage system should ensure the leachate above the artificial lining

The depth is not more than 30 cm and the following conditions should be met.

a) Pebble should be used when the leachate drainage layer is made of stone. The initial permeability coefficient should be not less than 0.1 cm/s.

The amount should be no more than 5%;

b) A reverse filtration layer shall be provided between the leachate drainage layer and the landfill waste to prevent the drainage layer from blocking;

c) The leachate discharge pipe outlet shall be provided with a backwashing device such as a terminal well to flush the pipeline regularly to maintain the pipeline;

d) Leachate collection and drainage facilities should be partitioned.

5.5 Flexible landfills should use double artificial composite lining as the anti-seepage layer. Artificial synthetic materials in double artificial composite lining

The high-density polyethylene film shall meet the technical specifications specified in CJ/T 234 and shall have a thickness of not less than 2.0 mm. Double artificial

The clay lining in the composite lining should meet the following conditions.

a) The main lining layer should have a thickness of not less than 0.3 m, and the saturated permeability coefficient after compaction and artificial modification is small.

a clay lining at 1.0 x 10-7 cm/s;

b) The secondary lining shall have a thickness of not less than 0.5 m, and the saturated permeability coefficient after compaction and artificial modification shall be small.

A clay lining of 1.0 x 10-7 cm/s.

5.6 The construction process of clay lining should fully consider the influence of compaction and water content on its saturated permeability coefficient and meet the following

Pieces.

a) the height difference of clay layer per square meter shall not exceed 2 cm;

b) The fine particle content of the clay (particle size less than 0.075 mm) should be greater than 20%, the plasticity index should be greater than 10%, should not contain

Sharp particles with a particle size greater than 5 mm;

c) The construction of clay lining should not be made up of leachate collection and drainage system, synthetic material lining, leakage detection layer

Into destruction.

5.7 Flexible landfills shall be provided with a leak detection layer between two layers of artificial composite lining, which consists of a double artificial composite lining

The drainage medium, the drainage pipe and the collecting well shall be arranged in a partition. The detection layer permeability coefficient should be greater than 0.1 cm/s.