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HJ/T 164-2004Technical specifications for groundwater environmental monitoring (English PDF)

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Issued by

Ministry of Ecology and Environment

Level / Type

National · Recommended

Issue date

December 1, 2020

Implementation date

March 1, 2021

Scope

HJ/T 164-2004 (Technical specifications for groundwater environmental monitoring) is available as an English-translated PDF.

HJ/T 164-2004 — 1 Scope of application this standard specifies the layout of groundwater environmental monitoring points, the construction and management of environmental monitoring wells, sample collection and storage, and monitoring Requirements for items and analysis methods, monitoring data processing, quality assurance and quality control, and data compilation.

This standard applies to the groundwater environment at the regional level, drinking water source protection areas and replenishment areas, pollution sources and surrounding areas Long-term monitoring.

Other forms of groundwater environmental monitoring can be implemented by reference.

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Document preview — HJ/T 164-2004

National Standard of the People's Republic of China

Classification: Z 10;Z50
Replacing: HJ/T 164-2004

Issued by: Ministry of Ecology and Environment

1 Technical specifications for groundwater environmental monitoring
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
34 Layout of groundwater environment monitoring points
65 Construction and management of environmental monitoring wells

1 Technical specifications for groundwater environmental monitoring

1 Scope of application this standard specifies the layout of groundwater environmental monitoring points, the construction and management of environmental monitoring wells, sample collection and storage, and monitoring Requirements for items and analysis methods, monitoring data processing, quality assurance and quality control, and data compilation.

2 Normative references

This standard quotes the following documents or their clauses. For undated reference documents, their valid versions are applicable to this standard.

GB 16889 Pollution Control Standard for Domestic Waste Landfill Site GB 18598 Pollution Control Standard for Hazardous Waste Landfill GB 18599 Pollution control standard for general industrial solid waste storage and disposal sites GB/T 4883 Statistical processing and interpretation of data Judgment and processing of outliers in normal samples GB/T 8170 Numerical rounding rules and the expression and determination of limit values GB/T 14848 Groundwater Quality Standard HJ 25.2 Technical Guidelines for Soil Pollution Risk Control and Remediation Monitoring of Construction Land HJ 168 Technical Guidelines for the Preparation and Revision of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis Methods HJ 494 Technical Guide for Water Quality Sampling HJ 630 Technical Guidelines for Environmental Monitoring Quality Management HJ 1019 Technical Guidelines for Sampling of Volatile Organic Compounds in Soil and Groundwater DZ/T 0270 Construction Specification for Groundwater Monitoring Well DZ/T 0308 Design Code for Regional Groundwater Quality Monitoring Network SL 58 Hydrographic Survey Specification RB/T 214 General requirements for qualification accreditation of inspection and testing institutions

3 Terms and definitions

The following terms and definitions apply to this standard.

Groundwater

Gravity water in saturated aquifers below the surface.

Phreatic water

Groundwater with free water below the surface and above the first stable aquifer.

23.3

Confined water

The pressure-bearing water filled between the upper and lower two opposite water-proof layers.

Hydrogeological condition the general term for conditions such as groundwater burial and distribution, water-bearing medium and water-bearing composition.

Hydrogeological unit Groundwater system with unified recharge boundary and recharge, runoff and drainage conditions.

Static water level

Stable groundwater level in the well before pumping.

Groundwater environmental monitoring well the monitoring set up to accurately grasp the environmental quality of groundwater and the dynamic distribution of pollutants in groundwater Logging.

Groundwater recharge zone the area where the aquifer is exposed or is close to the surface and receives the infiltration and replenishment of atmospheric precipitation and surface water.

Groundwater runoff zone the runoff range of groundwater in the aquifer from the recharge area to the discharge area.

3.10

Pore water

Gravitational water existing in the pores of rock and soil.

3.11

Fissure water

Gravity water stored in cracks in rock mass.

3.12

Weathering fissure water Fissure water in the bedrock weathering zone.

3.13

Structure fissure water Groundwater that exists in cracks in rock structures.

3.14

Karst water

Gravity water stored in soluble rock formations (cavities).

34 Layout of groundwater environment monitoring points

4.1 Principles for the layout of monitoring points

4.1.1 The monitoring points can generally reflect the groundwater environmental quality in the monitoring area.

4.1.2 The monitoring points should not be changed, and the continuity of groundwater monitoring data should be maintained as much as possible.

4.1.3 Considering factors such as the method of monitoring well formation, current technological development and monitoring technology level, and considering the actual sampling Feasibility, making the deployment of groundwater monitoring points feasible.

4.1.4 Regularly (e.g. every 5 years) conduct a survey and evaluation of the operation status of the groundwater quality monitoring network, according to the latest situation Optimize and adjust the groundwater quality monitoring network.

4.2 Requirements for the layout of monitoring points

4.2.1 For a larger monitoring area, the monitoring area shall be arranged along the main groundwater flow direction and the vertical groundwater flow direction supplemented.

Measuring points. For the same hydrogeological unit, control monitoring points can be arranged according to groundwater recharge, runoff, and drainage conditions.

When there are multiple aquifers in the groundwater, the monitoring well should be a layered monitoring well with a clear horizon.

4.2.2 Layout of monitoring points for groundwater drinking water sources, focusing on mining layers; when there are multiple aquifers, they should be Deploy monitoring points in the aquifer that is hydraulically connected to the target aquifer, and include surface water that is hydraulically connected to groundwater.

Into monitoring.

4.2.3 Areas that have a greater impact on groundwater, such as chemical production enterprises and industrial clusters where groundwater pollution sources Monitoring points are arranged in the upstream, center, sides and downstream areas of the project; tailings ponds, hazardous waste disposal sites and landfill sites Monitoring points are arranged on the upstream, on both sides and downstream of the groundwater pollution source to assess the pollution status of groundwater. Pollution source when located in the groundwater supply area, the groundwater monitoring points can be encrypted according to the actual situation.

4.2.4 Groundwater monitoring around the pollution source is mainly shallow groundwater. For example, the shallow groundwater has been polluted and there is underground for water and drinking water sources, monitoring points for groundwater in the main mining layer need to be added.

4.2.5 The focus of the layout of monitoring points in karst areas is to track the entrances and exits of underground rivers and main aquifers.

Deploy monitoring points on the shape and scale of the drift network, and appropriately deploy monitoring points in the replenishment and runoff areas between the main pipeline and branch pipelines.

Or the potential pollution source distribution area should be appropriately encrypted for groundwater monitoring points.

4.2.6 The monitoring points in the fracture development area should be arranged on the interconnected fracture network as far as possible.

4.2.7 Existing civilian wells and production wells or springs can be selected as groundwater monitoring points, but they must meet the groundwater monitoring design Requirements.

4.3 Layout method of monitoring points

4.3.1 Layout method of regional monitoring points the layout of regional groundwater monitoring points shall be implemented in accordance with the relevant requirements of DZ/T 0308.

4.3.2 Layout method of monitoring points in groundwater drinking water source protection zone and replenishment zone

4.3.2.1 Pore water and weathered fissure water when the area of groundwater drinking water source protection area and replenishment area is less than 50 km2, there shall be no less than 7 water quality monitoring points;

When 50 km2~100 km2, there shall be no less than 10 monitoring points; when the area is greater than 100 km2, each additional 25 km2 monitoring point One less increase; monitoring points are arranged in the drinking water source protection area and supply area according to the grid method.

44.3.2.2 Karst water

There are no less than 3 water quality monitoring points on the main karst pipeline in the groundwater drinking water source protection zone and replenishment zone, and the first-level tributary pipeline is long.

Two monitoring points should be set up if the temperature is greater than 2 km, and one monitoring point should be set up if the length of the primary tributary pipeline is less than 2 km.

4.3.2.3 Structural fissure water for structural fissure water, see the method of karst water distribution.

4.3.3 Layout method of groundwater monitoring points for pollution sources

4.3.3.1 Pore water and weathered fissure water

4.3.3.1.1 Industrial pollution sources

a) Industrial clusters.

1) Set up one monitoring point, which is located at the upstream boundary of the groundwater flow in the industrial agglomeration area;

2) At least 5 pollution diffusion monitoring points are arranged, and no less than 3 are arranged in a fan shape perpendicular to the flow direction of groundwater.

Set up one monitoring point on both sides of the agglomeration area along the direction of groundwater flow;

3) 3 to 5 monitoring points per 10 km2 are required for the internal monitoring points of industrial clusters. If the area is greater than 100 km2, each additional at least one monitoring point should be added to 15 km2; the monitoring points should be located in the lower reaches of the groundwater near the main pollution source.

One monitoring point shall be arranged for the type of pollution source, and the total number of monitoring points shall be no less than 3 in the industrial agglomeration area.

b) Industrial enterprises outside the industrial cluster.

1) Set up one monitoring point, which is located at the upstream boundary of the groundwater flow of industrial enterprises;

2) There should be no less than 3 monitoring points for pollution diffusion, and no less than 1 monitoring points on the downstream and on both sides of the groundwater

3) 1-2 internal monitoring points of industrial enterprises per 10 km2 are required. If the area is greater than 100 km2, each additional 15 at least one monitoring point shall be added to km2; monitoring points shall be arranged in areas with potential groundwater pollution hazards.

4.3.3.1.2 Mining area

a) The mining area, sorting area, smelting area and tailings pond are located in the same hydrogeological unit.

1) Set up one monitoring point in contrast to the upstream boundary of the mine affected area;

2) No less than 3 pollution diffusion monitoring points, and no less than 1 groundwater monitoring points at the downstream and on both sides of the groundwater

3) A monitoring point is set up 30 m~50 m downstream of the tailing pond to evaluate the impact of the tailing pond on groundwater.

b) The mining area, sorting area, smelting area and tailing pond are located in different hydrogeological units.

1) Set up 2 monitoring points, which are set at the upstream boundary of the affected area of the mine and the tailings pond from 30 m to 50 m Place

2) No less than 3 pollution diffusion monitoring points, and no less than 1 groundwater monitoring points at the downstream and on both sides of the groundwater

3) A monitoring point is set up 30 m~50 m downstream of the tailings pond to evaluate the impact of the tailings pond on groundwater;

4) One monitoring point is set up in the mining area and the sorting area to determine whether it has an impact on groundwater.

Since the launching water has been polluted, monitoring points should be arranged in densely populated areas to determine the scope of groundwater pollution.

54.3.3.1.3 Gas station

a) When the flow direction of the groundwater is clear, at least one pollution diffusion monitoring point shall be set at a distance of 5 from the buried oil tank downstream of the groundwater m~30 m;

b) When the flow direction of groundwater is not clear, set up 3 monitoring points, distributed in a triangle, at a distance of 5 m to the buried oil tank at 30 m.

4.3.3.1.4 Agricultural pollution sources

a) Reclaimed water agricultural area.

1) Set up 1 control monitoring point, and set it at the upstream boundary of the groundwater flow in the reclaimed water agricultural area;

2) There are no less than 6 pollution diffusion monitoring points, one on each side of the reclaimed water and agricultural area.

No less than 4 areas and downstream areas;

3) When the area is greater than 100 km2, there are no less than 20 monitoring points, and each increase in the area starting from 100 km2 15 km2, the number of monitoring points increased by one.

b) Livestock and poultry farms and breeding communities.

1) One control monitoring point is set up at the upstream boundary of the groundwater flow of the breeding farm and breeding plot;

2) No less than 3 pollution diffusion monitoring points, and no less than 1 groundwater monitoring points at the downstream and on both sides of the groundwater

3) If the area of the breeding farm and breeding plot is larger than 1 km2, the number of monitoring points in the farm area will increase by 2.

4.3.3.1.5 Golf course

a) Set up one monitoring point, which is set at the upstream boundary of the golf course where the water flows;

b) There are no less than 3 pollution diffusion monitoring points, and no less than 1 groundwater monitoring points at the downstream and on both sides of the groundwater;

c) The internal monitoring point of the golf course is not less than one.

4.3.3.2 Karst water

a) In principle, there should be no less than 3 monitoring points on the main pipeline. According to the distribution and flow direction of the underground river, Set up 3 monitoring points in the middle and downstream, respectively as control monitoring points, pollution monitoring points and pollution diffusion monitoring points;

b) Well-developed karst and complex distribution of underground rivers, add 2 to 4 monitoring points according to site conditions, first-level tributaries the pipeline length is greater than 2 km with 2 points, and the primary tributary pipeline length is less than 2 km with 1 point.

4.3.3.3 Structural fissure water for structural fissure water, see the method of karst water distribution.

4.3.3.4 The layout of the launching monitoring point of the hazardous waste disposal site shall be implemented in accordance with the relevant requirements of GB 18598.

4.3.3.5 The layout of the launching monitoring point of the domestic waste landfill site shall be implemented in accordance with the relevant requirements of GB 16889.

4.3.3.6 The layout of monitoring points for general industrial solid waste storage and disposal sites shall refer to the relevant requirements of GB 18599.

Row.

4.3.3.7 The layout of groundwater monitoring points for other types of pollution sources can refer to the above methods.

65 Construction and management of environmental monitoring wells

5.1 Construction of environmental monitoring wells

5.1.1 Requirements for the construction of environmental monitoring wells

5.1.1.1 The construction of environmental monitoring wells shall follow the principle of one well one design, one well one coding, and all monitoring wells are uniformly coded.

On the basis of fully collecting and mastering the relevant data and on-site surveys in the area where the monitoring wells are planned to be built, scientific design should be made according to local conditions.

5.1.1.2 The construction depth of monitoring wells shall meet the requirements of monitoring objectives. The monitoring target layer and other aquifers must be water-stopped, the water filter pipe of the monitoring well shall not cross the layer, and the monitoring well shall not penetrate the bottom plate of the aquifer under the target aquifer.

5.1.1.3 The structure types of monitoring wells include single-tube single-layer monitoring wells, single-tube multi-layer monitoring wells, nested monitoring wells, and cluster monitoring wells.

Logging, continuous multi-channel monitoring wells.

5.1.1.4 Monitoring well construction includes monitoring well design, construction, well completion, pumping test, etc., refer to DZ/T 0270 Customs require execution.

a) The construction materials used in the monitoring well should not change the chemical composition of the groundwater, that is, it should not interfere with the ground Analysis of compounds in the sewage;

b) Safety measures should be taken during construction to achieve clean production and civilized construction. Avoid polluting groundwater during drilling;

c) The water intake location of the monitoring well is generally in the middle of the target aquifer, but when the water contains heavy non-aqueous phase liquid, the water is taken the location should be at the bottom of the aquifer and the top of the impermeable layer; when the water contains light non-aqueous phase liquid, the water intake location should be at the top of the aquifer;

d) Monitoring well filter pipe requirements, 1 m water filter pipe is required to be located above the water surface during high water periods; 1 m water filter pipe is required during dry periods the water filter pipe is located below the ground water surface;

e) The inner diameter of the well pipe is required to be no less than 50 mm, subject to the diameter that can meet the requirements for well flushing and water extraction;

f) Do not use any adhesive or paint when connecting the joints of the well pipe. It is recommended to use the threaded connection of the well pipe;

g) After the construction of the monitoring well is completed, the well must be washed to ensure that the water from the monitoring well is clean and clean. Common methods include overweight Pumping, recoil, drawing and air washing, etc.;

h) After the well is cleaned, a constant flow pumping test with at least one falling stroke is required, and the pumping stability time reaches more than 24 hours.

Water samples can be collected only after the water level is restored.

5.1.2 Requirements for wellhead protection devices of environmental monitoring wells

5.1.2.1 In order to protect the monitoring wells, wellhead protection devices for monitoring wells should be built, including wellhead protection tubes, well platforms or well covers, etc.

Minute. The monitoring well protection device should be durable and not easily damaged.

5.1.2.2 The wellhead protection tube should be made of stainless steel, and the center part of the well cover should be made of high-density resin material to avoid data the wireless transmission signal is shielded; the manhole cover needs to be equipped with a special-shaped safety lock; according to the diameter of the well pipe, the inner diameter can be 24 cm~30 cm, for a protection cylinder with a height of 50 cm, the lower part of the protection cylinder should be embedded in a cement platform 10 cm and fixed; the cement platform is 15 cm thick, with sides for a square platform with a length of 50 cm to 100 cm, the four corners of the cement platform must be rounded.

5.1.2.3 For monitoring wells with unconditional installation of cement platforms, the use of manhole cover protection devices level with the ground may be considered.

5.1.3 Marking requirements for environmental monitoring wells Environmental monitoring wells should set up uniform signs, including graphic signs, monitoring well nameplates, warning signs and warning posts, publicity boards, etc.

For related requirements, see Appendix A.

75.1.4 Environmental monitoring well acceptance and data archiving requirements

5.1.4.1 After the completion of the monitoring well, the environmental monitoring well construction record form (see Appendix B, Table B.1) should be filled out, and in accordance with the design regulations Fan conducts acceptance. At the time of acceptance, the construction party shall provide the environmental monitoring well construction acceptance record form and facility acceptance record form (see attached Record B Table B.2, Table B.3), as well as the original records of drilling squad report, physical detection well, pipe running, gravel filling, water stop, pumping test, etc.

Record and representative cores.

5.1.4.2 The archived data of monitoring wells include paper quality of monitoring well design, original records, results data, completion report, and acceptance letter and electronic documents.

5.2 Screening of existing groundwater wells

5.2.1 Screening requirements for existing groundwater wells the screening of groundwater monitoring wells should meet the following requirements.

a) The location of the selected monitoring well should be within the area under investigation and monitoring, and the depth of the well, especially the water production horizon of the well, should meet the requirements of the monitoring design Design requirements;

b) It is advisable to choose well pipe materials of steel pipe, stainless steel pipe, and PVC material. The well wall pipe, water filter pipe and the sedimentation tube should be intact, free of fracture, dislocation, corrosion, etc. Choose frequently used civilian wells and production wells;

c) The top position of the filter pipe of the well is located 1 m below the multi-year average lowest water level. The siltation in the well shall not exceed the design supervision More than 30% of the water filter pipes used to measure horizons, or meet the above requirements after well washing and dredging;

d) The water output of the well should be greater than 0.3 L/s;

e) For wells equipped with water pumps, water wells with oil as pump lubricant cannot be used;

f) The well structure and pumping equipment should be mastered in detail, and whether the well structure and pumping equipment will affect the concern Groundwater composition.

5.2.2 Screening methods for existing groundwater wells Fully investigate and collect the geological and hydrogeological data of the monitoring area by means of investigation and visit; collect the monitoring area the number and type of well logging, drilling, well completion and other data; preliminary identification of monitoring wells to be screened.

Carry out on-site surveys on the preliminarily determined monitoring wells to be screened to obtain the water level, well depth, water output and Other relevant information on site.

5.2.3 Requirements for screening and cataloging of existing groundwater wells for the selected monitoring wells, the basic condition form of environmental monitoring wells should be filled in (see Appendix B, Table B.4).

5.3 Environmental monitoring well management

5.3.1 Maintenance and management requirements for environmental monitoring wells

5.3.1.1 A basic condition table of environmental monitoring wells shall be established for each monitoring well, and the cancellation and change of monitoring wells shall be recorded in the original monitoring in the basic condition table of the well, the basic condition table of environmental monitoring wells should be re-established for the new monitoring well.

5.3.1.2 Special personnel should be assigned to maintain the monitoring well facilities every year. Once the facilities are damaged, they must be repaired in time.

5.3.1.3 Measure the depth ...

......
This preview omits tables, figures, formulas and parts of the technical clauses. The complete document — 27 pages — is available in the English PDF.

Referenced standards

Normative references

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