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GB/T 3859.2-2013Semiconductor converters -- General requirements and line commutated converters -- Part 1-2: Application guide (English PDF)

半导体变流器 通用要求和电网换相变流器 第1-2部分:应用导则

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Issued by

General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China, Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China

Level / Type

National · Recommended

Issue date

July 19, 2013

Implementation date

December 2, 2013

Scope

GB/T 3859.2-2013 is the English-translated version of 半导体变流器 通用要求和电网换相变流器 第1-2部分:应用导则.

GB/T 3859.2-2013 — This section gives guidelines for the application of the basic requirements and specifications covered by GB/T 3859.1 in different situations, so that GB/T 3859.1 the regulations are adapted to special applications in a controllable form.

To facilitate the use of GB/T 3859.1, background information is given at key technical points. This section mainly covers the power grid commutating converter. As far as current standards cannot provide necessary information, this part itself is not a standard (Unless some accessories are involved).

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Document preview — GB/T 3859.2-2013

National Standard of the People's Republic of China

ICS
29.200
Classification
K 46
Replacing
GB/T 3859.2-1993

Issued by: General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China, Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China

Contents

  • Preface
  • 1 Scope
  • 2 Normative references
  • 3 Terms and definitions
  • 3.1 Terms related to converter failure
  • 3.2 Terms related to transient phenomena generated by converters
  • 3.3 Terms related to temperature
  • 3.4 Terms related to harmonics
  • 4 Performance of the converter and its system
  • 4.1 Application area
  • 4.1.1 Overview
  • 4.1.2 Variable current systems and equipment
  • 4.1.3 Power supply regulation (active power and passive power)
  • 4.2 Main technical parameters
  • 4.2.1 Main items that should be given
  • 4.2.2 Other information
  • 4.2.3 Abnormal operating conditions
  • 4.3 Converter transformer and reactor
  • 4.4 Calculation factor
  • 4.4.1 Overview
  • 4.4.2 Voltage ratio
  • 4.4.3 Grid-side current factor of the converter
  • 4.4.4 Current factor on the valve side of the converter
  • 4.4.5 Voltage adjustment value
  • 4.4.6 Magnetic circuit
  • 4.4.7 Power loss factor
  • 4.5 Parallel connection and series connection
  • 4.5.1 Parallel connection or series connection of valve devices
  • 4.5.2 Parallel or series connection of components and equipment units
  • 4.6 Power factor
  • 4.6.1 Overview
  • 4.6.2 The text symbols used to determine the fundamental power factor
  • 4.6.3 In rectifier operation and inverter operation, it is used to approximate the fundamental wave power factor cosphi1N and reactive power Q1LN.
  • 4.6.4 Calculation of fundamental wave power factor cosphi1
  • 4.6.5 Variable flow factor
  • 4.7 DC voltage adjustment value
  • 4.7.1 Overview
  • 4.7.2 Inherent DC voltage adjustment value
  • 4.7.3 DC voltage adjustment value caused by AC system impedance
  • 4.7.4 Information that the supply and demand parties should exchange on the DC voltage adjustment value of the converter
  • 4.8 Reliable operation in inverter state
  • 4.9 AC voltage waveform
  • 4.10 Circuit operating conditions that affect the voltage applied to the converter valve device
  • 4.11 Overvoltage protection
  • 4.12 Influence of environmental conditions on converter operation
  • 5 Calculation of main parameters
  • 5.1 Actual calculation of operating parameters
  • 5.1.1 Overview
  • 5.1.2 Assumptions
  • 5.1.3 Preliminary calculation
  • 5.1.4 Calculation of operating conditions
  • 5.2 Voltage change of power supply system caused by converter load
  • 5.2.1 Fundamental voltage change
  • 5.2.2 Minimum R1SC value required for voltage changes
  • 5.2.3 The ratio of the converter transformer
  • 5.2.4 Transformer rating
  • 5.3 Compensation of reactive power consumption of converter
  • 5.3.1 Average reactive power consumption
  • 5.3.2 Average reactive power to be compensated
  • 5.3.3 Voltage fluctuation for fixed reactive power compensation
  • 5.4 Supply voltage distortion
  • 5.4.1 Commutation gap
  • 5.4.2 Operation of multiple converters in the same power supply network
  • 5.5 Harmonics generated by converter operation on the grid side
  • 5.5.1 Root mean square value of grid-side current
  • 5.5.2 Harmonics on the grid side (approximate method for 6-pulse converter)
  • 5.5.3 Harmonic distortion and minimum R1SC requirements
  • 5.5.4 Estimation of phase shift of harmonic current
  • 5.5.5 Superposition of harmonic current
  • 5.5.6 Peak and average harmonic spectrum
  • 5.5.7 Phase shift of transformer
  • 5.5.8 Sequence triggering of two 6-pulse converters
  • 5.6 Power factor compensation and harmonic distortion
  • 5.6.1 General
  • 5.6.2 Resonant frequency
  • 5.6.3 Direct parallel capacitor compensation device
  • 5.6.4 Estimation of resonance frequency
  • 5.6.5 Detuning reactor
  • 5.6.6 Ripple control frequency (carrier frequency)
  • 5.7 Harmonic content of DC voltage
  • 5.8 Other considerations
  • 5.8.1 Random control angle
  • 5.8.2 Instability of sub-harmonics
  • 5.8.3 Harmonic filter
  • 5.8.4 Estimation of cable capacity
  • 5.9 Calculated current value when the DC side is short-circuited
  • 5.10 Selection of immunity level
  • 5.10.1 Overview
  • 5.10.2 Selection of immunity level
  • 6 Test requirements
  • 6.1 Estimation of power loss from short circuit test
  • 6.1.1 Single phase connection
  • 6.1.2 Multi-phase double shot connection
  • 6.1.3 Multiphase single shot connection
  • 6.2 Steps to estimate power loss using the short-circuit method
  • 6.3 Test method
  • 6.3.1 Method A1
  • 6.3.2 Method B
  • 6.3.3 Method C
  • 6.3.4 Method D
  • 6.3.5 Method E
  • 6.3.6 Method A2
  • 7 Calculation of the load current and junction temperature of the converter
  • 7.1 Description of peak load rated current
  • 7.2 Characters related to effective junction temperature
  • 7.3 Determine the ability to withstand peak loads by calculating the effective junction temperature
  • 7.3.1 Overview
  • 7.3.2 Approximate power pulse waveform applied to a semiconductor device
  • 7.3.3 Superposition method for temperature calculation
  • 7.3.4 Calculation of continuous load effective junction temperature
  • 7.3.5 Periodic load effective junction temperature calculation
  • 7.3.6 Calculation of effective junction temperature for several typical applications
  • 8 Converter operation
  • 8.1 Stability
  • 8.2 Static characteristics
  • 8.3 Dynamic characteristics of the control system
  • 8.4 Operation mode of single converter and double converter
  • 8.4.1 Single converter connection
  • 8.4.2 Restrictions during dual converter connection and rectification and inverter operation
  • 8.5 Transition current
  • 8.6 Suppression of DC Circulating Current in Dual Converter Connection
  • 8.6.1 Overview
  • 8.6.2 Limit trigger delay angle
  • 8.6.3 Control circulation
  • 8.6.4 Blocking trigger pulse
  • 8.7 Working Principle of Inverter for DC Motor Control
  • 8.7.1 Overview
  • 8.7.2 Motor magnetic field reversal
  • 8.7.3 Use the reverse switch to reverse the motor armature
  • 8.7.4 Double converter connection of motor armature
  • 9 Converter fault handling
  • 9.1 Overview
  • 9.2 Fault detection
  • 9.3 Fault current protection
  • Appendix A (informative appendix) Several overvoltage protection measures

Foreword

GB/T 3859 "Semiconductor Converter" is divided into the following parts.

---Part 1-1.Basic requirements and specifications;

---Part 1-2.Application Guidelines;

---Part 1-3.Transformers and reactors;

---Part 2: Semiconductor self-commutated converter including direct DC converter.

This part is Part 1-2 of GB/T 3859.

This section was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.

This part replaces GB/T 3859.2-1993 "Semiconductor Converter Application Guidelines".

Compared with GB/T 3859.2-1993, the main technical changes in this part are as follows.

---Modified the standard name;

---Adjusted the text structure to make it consistent with IEC/T R60146-1-2.2011 as much as possible;

--- Deleted the "subject content" and revised the "scope of application" (see Chapter 1, Chapter 1 of the 1993 edition);

---Adjusted the "cited documents" (see Chapter 2, Chapter 2 of the 1993 edition);

---Adjusted and revised "Terms and Definitions" (see Chapter 3, Chapter 3 of the 1993 edition);

--- Deleted Chapter 4 "Converter Marking" of the 1993 edition, and the relevant content is stipulated in GB/T 3859.1-2013;

---Modified "application field of the converter", "main technical parameters of the converter", "parallel and series connection" and "environmental conditions and converter Safe operation" (see 4.1, 4.2, 4.5 and 4.12, 5.1, 5.2, 5.4 and 5.11 of the 1993 edition);

---Added "converter transformer and reactor" and "overvoltage protection" (see 4.3 and 4.11);

---Modified "commutation gap" and "harmonic content of DC voltage" (see 5.4.1 and 5.7, and 6.5.1 and 6.4 in 1993 edition);

---Added "fault current protection" (see 9.3);

---Added "several over-voltage protection measures" (see Appendix A);

--- Deleted the "anti-interference performance of the trigger device" and the calculation formula for the ideal grid-side harmonic current of the converter (the 5.12 and 6.6.2.1);

--- Deleted "The operation of the converter when the ambient temperature and the temperature of the cooling medium are higher than the specified value" "When the converter is used in high altitude areas" Correction of current capacity" and "temperature of the converter without exposure to operation" (1993 edition appendix A, appendix B and appendix C).

This part uses the redrafting law to amend and adopt IEC/T R60146-1-2.2011 "General requirements for semiconductor converters and power grid commutation Converter Part 1-2.Application Guidelines.

Compared with IEC/T R60146-1-2.2011, this part adds 4 articles (3.4, 4.11~4.12) and an appendix (Appendix A), and adjust 4.2.1 and 4.2.3.1 in IEC/T R60146-1-2.2011 to 4.2.1, 4.2.3.2 to 4.2.2.1, 4.2.3.3 adjusted to 4.2.2.2, 4.2.3.4 adjusted to 4.2.2.3, 4.2.3.5 adjusted to 4.2.2.4, 4.2.4 adjusted to 4.2.3, 5.10.1 and 5.10.2 are adjusted to 5.10.1, 5.10.3 is adjusted to 5.10.2, and 7.4 is adjusted to 4.10.

The technical differences between this part and IEC/T R60146-1-2.2011 and the reasons are as follows.

---According to the actual citation in the standard provisions, some normative citation documents have been added (see Chapter 2);

---Added "terms related to harmonics" (see 3.4);

---Modified "application area" and "output-related parameters" (see 4.1 and 4.2.2.2);

---Added formulas applicable to non-uniform connection and asymmetric control (see 4.6.4.2);

--- Added "overvoltage protection" and "impact of environmental conditions on converter operation" (see 4.11 and 4.12);

--- In Table 10, the calculated value of the notch depth of the transformer is corrected to "0.0331", and the calculated value of the notch depth on the grid side is corrected to "0.0332".

This section made the following editorial changes. Added informative Appendix A "Several Overvoltage Protection Measures".

This part was proposed by China Electrical Equipment Industry Association.

This part is under the jurisdiction of the National Power Electronics Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC60).

Drafting organizations of this section. Xi'an Power Electronics Technology Research Institute, Xiamen Kehua Hengsheng Co., Ltd., Guangdong Zhicheng Champion Group Co., Ltd.

Company, Baoding Wright Rectifier Co., Ltd., Suzhou Dentsu Power Electronics Co., Ltd., Qingdao Economic and Technological Development Zone Chuangtong Technology Development Co., Ltd., Wolong Electric Group Beijing Huatai Transformer Co., Ltd., Beijing Jinzi Tianzheng Intelligent Control Co., Ltd.

1 Scope

This section gives guidelines for the application of the basic requirements and specifications covered by GB/T 3859.1 in different situations, so that GB/T 3859.1 the regulations are adapted to special applications in a controllable form. To facilitate the use of GB/T 3859.1, background information is given at key technical points.

This section mainly covers the power grid commutating converter. As far as current standards cannot provide necessary information, this part itself is not a standard (Unless some accessories are involved).

2 Normative references

The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated reference documents, only the dated version applies to this article Pieces. For undated references, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to this document.

GB/T 2900.33-2004 Electrical Terminology Power Electronic Technology (IEC 60050-551:1998, IDT) GB/T 3859.1-2013 General requirements for semiconductor converters and power grid commutated converters Part 1-1.Basic requirements specification (IEC 60146-1-1:2009, MOD) GB/T 3859.3-2013 General requirements for semiconductor converters and power grid commutated converters Part 1-3.Transformers and reactors (IEC 60146-1-3:1991, MOD) GB 4208 enclosure protection grade (IP code) (GB 4208-2008, IEC 60529:2001, IDT) GB/T 10236 Guidelines for Compatibility and Interference Protection of Semiconductor Converter and Power Supply System GB/T 16935.1-2008 Insulation coordination of equipment in low-voltage systems Part 1: Principles, requirements and tests (GB/T 16935.1-2008, IEC 60664-1:2007, IDT) GB/T 17950 Semiconductor converter Part 6: Application guidelines for using fuses to protect semiconductor converters against overcurrent (GB/T 17950-2000, idtIEC 60146-6.1992) GB/T 18494.1 Converter Transformer Part 1: Industrial Converter Transformer (GB/T 18494.1-2001, idt IEC 61378-1:1997)

3 Terms and definitions

The following terms and definitions defined in GB/T 2900.33 and GB/T 3859.1 apply to this document. For ease of use, the following Some terms and definitions in GB/T 2900.33 and GB/T 3859.1 are repeatedly listed.

3.1 Terms related to converter failure

3.1.1

Breakthrough

A failure in which the controllable valve device or the arm made of it loses the ability to block the voltage during the positive blocking period.

......
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