GB/T 37400.13-2019Heavy mechanical general technical specification - Part 13: Packaging (English PDF)

3.1 General

3.1.1 The maximum dimensions and the maximum mass of a standard package are as follows: length 1 190 cm, width 240 cm, height 240 cm, mass 20 000 kg.

3.1.2 For a package exceeding those figures, the department that draws up the packing scheme shall agree the dimensions and the mass of the package with the carrier, with the user or with the other departments concerned before the goods are packed.

3.1.3 Where a package is to be carried by air, its maximum dimensions shall be agreed piece by piece with the air carrier, with the user or with the other departments concerned, on the basis that the relevant air transport regulations are complied with.

3.2 Category one packaging (boxed)

3.2.1 Characteristics: the goods are placed in a bag made of an aluminium and plastic composite material, or of an equivalent material, together with a suitable quantity of desiccant, and are then placed inside a closed box and fastened to its base. The guaranteed period is 24 months.

3.2.2 Suitable goods: machine products liable to rust, electrical materials, assembled pipework and the like.

3.2.3 Structural requirements for the closed box: a) the box may be made of timber, of steel or of a combination of steel and timber; b) where the mass of the goods inside the box is less than 10 t, the box shall be able to withstand being stacked two high in transport; c) the box shall be able to withstand the tension of the ropes during loading and unloading; d) the box shall be capable of being moved by lifting appliances and by ground handling equipment; e) where the mass of the goods inside a wooden closed box exceeds 5 t, lifting protection irons shall be fitted, and they shall comply with GB/T 18927; f) where the box is made of timber, it shall comply with GB/T 7284, GB/T 18925 and GB/T 12464.

3.3 Category two packaging (boxed)

3.3.1 Characteristics: on the basis of category one packaging, the goods are additionally packed in suspension using cushioning materials chosen according to how easily they are damaged, and are then placed inside a closed box and fastened to its base. The acceleration value shall be marked on the package. The guaranteed period is 24 months.

3.3.2 Suitable goods: electrical and control materials that are very easily damaged.

3.3.3 Structural requirements: the same as for category one packaging.

3.4 Category three packaging (boxed)

3.4.1 Characteristics: the goods are placed in a bag made of polyethylene film 0.2 mm thick, or of an equivalent material, and are then placed inside a closed box and fastened to its base. The guaranteed period is 12 months.

3.4.2 Suitable goods: machine products liable to rust, electrical materials, assembled pipework and the like.

3.4.3 Structural requirements: the same as for category one packaging.

3.5 Category four packaging (boxed)

3.5.1 Characteristics: the goods are placed directly inside a closed box and fastened to its base, and a ventilating structure is added to the sides or to the ends of the box.

3.5.2 Suitable goods: impact resistant and corrosion resistant parts, such as simple mechanical structural members, bolts and pipework.

3.5.3 Structural requirements: the same as for category one packaging. The ventilating structure shall comply with GB/T 7284 and metal ventilation louvres shall comply with GB/T 18927.

3.6 Category five packaging (boxed)

3.6.1 Characteristics: the goods are placed directly inside a crate, or are given simple protection against water and damp and then placed inside a crate and fastened to its base.

3.6.2 Suitable goods: corrosion resistant components that are not sensitive to the ordinary mechanical damage of transport, and containers of various kinds.

3.6.3 Structural requirements for the crate: a) the crate may be made of timber, of steel or of a combination of steel and timber; b) where the mass of the goods inside is less than 10 t, it shall be able to withstand being stacked two high in transport; c) it shall be able to withstand the tension of the ropes during loading and unloading; d) it shall be capable of being moved by lifting appliances and by ground handling equipment; e) where the mass of the goods inside a wooden crate exceeds 5 t, lifting protection irons shall be fitted, and they shall comply with GB/T 18927; f) the bottom boards of a wooden crate shall be fully closed, and the boarding of the ends, the sides and the lid shall cover not less than 2/3 of their area; g) to make stacking easier, the lid of the crate may be of the fully closed type; h) where the crate is made of timber, it shall comply with GB/T 7284, GB/T 18925 and GB/T 12464.

3.7 Category six packaging (bundled)

3.7.1 Characteristics: no protective measure is applied to the goods, which are simply put together as a unit for despatch.

3.7.2 Suitable goods: steel tubes measured by length and not pickled, stainless steel tubes, structural members, brackets and the like.

3.7.3 Structural requirements: a) where the mass of a bundle is less than 10 t, it shall be able to withstand being stacked two high in transport; b) the bundle shall be able to withstand the tension of the ropes during loading and unloading; c) the bundling materials include timber clamps, channel steel clamps, steel strapping and galvanised iron wire; d) the bundle shall be capable of being moved by lifting appliances and by ground handling equipment.

3.7.4 Points to be observed: a) goods less than 6 m long shall be bundled or secured in not fewer than 3 places, goods from 6 m to 10 m long in not fewer than 5 places, and goods more than 10 m long at intervals of 3 m; b) when tubes of different diameters are bundled, the smaller diameters shall first be bundled together on their own and the whole then bundled again, and after repeated lifting and handling no slackness or loosening that would let a tube slide out shall appear; c) suitable vibration damping material shall be used at the bundling and fastening points to prevent direct contact with the goods; d) according to the mass of the goods, intermediate packing of timber, plywood or rubber products shall be added as appropriate and secured against slipping with clamping bolts; e) where bolts are used for fastening, their exposed parts shall be protected by a grooved cover board, and the cover board shall be fixed with nails; f) thin walled tubes shall not be bundled but shall be boxed, and it is advisable for the tubes not to be stacked more than 20 layers deep, so that they are not crushed flat or bent.

3.8 Category seven packaging (pallet packaging)

3.8.1 Characteristics: no protective measure is applied to the goods; the purpose is only to make lifting, rolling and handling easier.

3.8.2 Suitable goods: machine parts that are not easily damaged, that resist rust, or whose dimensions exceed the usual loading cross-section.

3.8.3 Structural requirements for the pallet: a) the pallet may be made of timber, of steel or of a combination of steel and timber; b) where the mass of the goods on the pallet is less than 10 t, it shall be able to withstand being stacked two high in transport.