GB/T 3358.1-2009Statistics -- Vocabulary and symbols -- Part 1: General statistical terms and terms used in probability (English PDF)

Foreword

GB/T 3358 "was words and symbols" is divided into the following sections.

--- Part 1. General statistical terms and terms used in probability;

--- Part 2. Applied Statistics;

--- Part 3. experimental design.

This section GB/T 13358 Part of, identical with ISO 3534-1:2006 "Statistics Vocabulary and symbols - Part 1.

General statistical terms and terms "for probability. And ISO 3534-1:2006 as compared to revised the original error correction original concept table Part, said change is not accurate enough as follows.

--- Deleted the original 1.24 in Note 1;

--- 2.38 sample variation coefficient calculation formula "0.99/0.995 = 0.99497" corrected to "0.995/0.9 = 1.10556";

--- 2.69 in "[Event] sigma Algebra ", it is required to satisfy properties a) "belongs " amended to "ohm belong ".

For ease of use, this section made the following editorial changes.

--- Deleted the ISO foreword;

--- For the sake of concise terms, in a small number of terms, which can be represented using brackets omitted parts. For example. 2.5, [Event A the] probability (probability [ofaneventA]), indicates that this is the actual definition of the term "probability (probability)", which this Part replaces GB/T 3358.1-1993 "in statistical terms the first part of general statistical terms", and GB/T 3358.1-Compared to 1993, the main changes are as follows.

--- Name to "statistically Vocabulary and symbols - Part 1. General statistical terms and terms used in probability";

--- Terminology entries made big adjustment. increased general statistical terms and terms used in probability; the GB/T 3358.1-1993 in Chapter 4, "the general term sampling method", "general term observations and test results," and section 5, the contents of the move GB/T 23358 Part of;

--- Adds a number of examples and comments;

--- Increasing the term conceptual diagram (Appendix B, Appendix C) and the definition of terms used in the standard method of Appendix D, and about character Number of Appendix A to informative annex.

This part of the Annex A, Annex B, Annex C and Annex D are informative appendices.

This part of the application by the National Standardization Technical Committee on statistical methods and focal points.

This part mainly drafted by. Chinese Academy of Mathematics and System Sciences, China National Institute of Standardization, Beijing Normal University, China University of Science and Technology, Soochow University.

Introduction

The current version of GB/T 3358.1 and GB/T 3358.2 is compatible with the common goal is consistent, accurate and simple premise , The extent of the mathematical definition of the required minimum limit. Since the GB/T 3358.1 is the basis for the terms probability and statistics, it is necessary Use relatively strict and complex mathematical language to express. Taking into account the GB/T 3358.2 and other statistical methods in the user of this standard when required query definition GB/T 3358.1 term, so as far as possible with the terms used in this part of the popular way to describe, supplemented by comments and examples. Although these informal description can not replace a formal definition, but the statistics for the professional staff other than to provide an effective concept the definition and can satisfy most users of these standard terminology needs. In order to adapt to frequent use GB/T 3358.2 or GB/T 6379 and other standards users through comments and examples make GB/T 3358.1 easier to understand.

And relatively complete set of well-defined terms of probability and statistics compilation of statistical standards and efficient use is required. Definition must Accurate enough, and have a strict mathematical sense, so to avoid fuzzy concept in the preparation of other statistical standards. Of course, the concept of A more detailed explanation of the background and areas of application can be found in elementary probability and statistics textbooks.

Information Appendix B and Appendix C General statistical terms and terms used in probability provides a conceptual block diagram of the series, respectively. Wherein general Statistics term encompasses six conceptual diagram; terminology used probability contains four conceptual diagram. Certain terms also appear in several different diagram, and thus play a role in the concept of contact with another group of concepts. Appendix D provides a brief description and explanation of the concept map.

These help block diagram of this amendment because they help to describe the linkages between the different terms. The block diagram also help mark Translation quasi text.

Unless otherwise indicated, the standards are defined in terms of the most one-dimensional (univariate) occasions. This avoids many of the terms in a similar article Under repeated element definitions.

GB/T 3358.1-2009/ISO 3534-1:2006 Statistics Vocabulary and symbols Part 1. General statistical terms and the term for the probability range GB/T 3358 This section specifies the general statistical term used for the drafting of standards for defining terms of probability and some of the terms of symbol.

Terminology in this section is divided into.

a) general statistical terms (Chapter 1);

b) The term (Chapter 2) for the probability.

Appendix A lists the symbols used in this part of the recommendation.

Appendix B and Appendix C of this section is a conceptual block diagram of all terminology entries.

1 General statistical terms

All considered objects.

Note 1. The overall real but limited or unlimited, but also completely fictional. Sometimes, especially in the survey sample is also using the "finite population"; in some stream Cheng substance sample is also using the "infinite population." In Chapter 2, from the viewpoint of probability, in a certain sense the whole can be seen as the sample space (2.1).

Note 2. For the fictional overall, allowing people to imagine the data under different assumptions of the properties contained. Thus, in a fictitious overall statistical study design Stage, especially useful when determining the appropriate sample size. The overall number of fictional contained objects can be finite or infinite. Push statistics Off, this is a statistical evaluation of the strength of evidence is particularly useful concept.

Note 3. The following example will help to understand the overall concept. as demographic or health research if three villages were selected, that is, from the overall three villages Constitute the entire population; if these three villages are from a particular area in randomly selected out of all the villages, the total of all from this area Residents composition.

Overall (1.1) is divided into a plurality of portions of each part.

Note. The minimum sampling units depends on the portion of interest in specific issues. Sampling unit may be a person, a family, a school or a single administrative Bit like.

By one or more sampling units (1.2) of the overall composition (1.1) subset.

Note 1. The study population according to circumstances, but each cell sample real or abstract individuals, but also specific numerical values.

Note 2. GB/T 3358.2 definition of the sample, including a sampling frame example. In the sampling frame when taking a random sample from a limited population is essential Whisker.

Correlation characteristic value by the sample (1.3) obtained in each cell.

Note 1. The common synonym is "to achieve" and "data." GB/T 3358.1-2009/ISO 3534-1:2006