GB/T 18717.1-2002Ergonomic design for the safety of machinery -- Part 1: Principles for determining the dimensions required for openings for whole-body access into machinery (English PDF)

Foreword

GB/T 18717 Ergonomic Design for the Safety of Machinery is divided into three parts.

---Part 1. Principles for Determining the Dimensions Required for Openings for

Whole-body Access into Machinery;

---Part 2. Principles for Determining the Dimensions Required for Openings for

Access of Parts of the Body into Machinery;

---Part 3. Anthropometric Data.

This Part is the first part of GB/T 18717; it is corresponding to ISO 15534-1. 2000

Ergonomic Design for the Safety of Machinery - Part 1. Principles for Determining the

Dimensions Required for Openings for Whole-body Access into Machinery (English

version). The degree of consistency between this Part and Part 1 in ISO 15534-1.

Ergonomic Design for the Safety of Machinery is non-equivalent. Please see the main

differences below.

---The Introduction part and the involved Bibliography [2] in the previous

international standard are deleted;

---Three reference standards in the previous international standard are modified

into corresponding national standards;

---GB/T 12985-1991 General Rules of Using Percentiles of the Body Dimensions

for Products Design is added to the Bibliography part in the previous

international standard;

---On the premise of the same conditions for the measurement of human body

dimension, GB/T 5703-1999 Basic Human Body Measurements for

Technological Design (please refer to Bibliography [1]) shall prevail in terms of

human body measurement.

In this Part, Appendix A is normative; Appendix B is informative.

This Part was proposed by General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection

and Quarantine.

This Part shall be under the jurisdiction of National Technical Committee on Mechanical

Safety of Standardization Administration of China (CSBTS/TC 208).

The responsible drafting organizations of this Part. China National Institute of

Standardization, China Academy of Machinery Science and Technology Group Co.,

Ltd., Jilin Institute of Science and Technology on Safety.

1 Scope

This Part specifies five dimensions required for openings (minimum opening

dimensions, please refer to Bibliography [2]) for whole-body access into machinery

(please refer to 3.1 in GB/T 15706.1-1995), and eleven formulas for the calculation of

opening dimension which combine anthropometric data (human body dimension) and

additional space (allowances).

Please refer to Table 1 in GB/T 18717.3-2002 for anthropometric data. Please refer to

Appendix A in this Part for the numerical value of additional space.

Dimensions for passages are based on the values for either the 95th or the 99th

percentiles of the expected user population (please refer to 3.1 in Bibliography [2]).

Values for the 99th percentile apply to emergency egress routes.

The anthropometric data given in GB/T 18717.3-2002 originates from static

measurements of nude persons, and do not take into account body movements,

clothing, equipment, machinery-operating conditions or environmental conditions.

This Part is applicable to non-mobile machinery. In terms of mobile machinery, there

may be additional specific requirements.

Situations where people are to be prevented from reaching a hazard are elaborated in

GB 12265.1.

2 Normative References

Through the quotation in this Part of GB/T 18717, clauses in the following documents

become clauses in this Part. In terms of references with a specific date, all the

subsequent modification sheets (excluding corrected content) or revised versions are

not applicable to this Standard. However, all parties that reach an agreement in

accordance with this Standard are encouraged to explore the possibility of adopting

the latest versions of these documents. In terms of references without a specific date,

the latest versions are applicable to this Standard.

GB 12265.1 Safety of Machinery - Safety Distances to Prevent Danger Zones Being

Reached by the Upper Limbs (eqv EN 294)

GB/T 15706.1-1995 Safety of Machinery - Basic Concept, General Principles for

Design - Part 1. Basic Terminology, Methodology (eqv ISO/TR 12100-1. 1992)

GB/T 18717.3-2002 Ergonomic Design for the Safety of Machinery - Part 3.

Anthropometric Data (neq ISO 15534-2. 2000)

3 General Requirements

This Part specifies the dimensions required for openings for human body's ingress and

egress of machinery in five positions. Other than basic anthropometric data, the

numerical value of these dimensions shall also consider specific details regarding the

operator and the operating conditions. It is necessary to add allowances to permit

unhindered and safe entry and working.

In this aspect, the following criteria of are particular significance.

a) Factors that influence convenient access.

1) The type of clothing, for example, light or heavy clothing;

2) Whether tools are being carried, for example, for maintenance or repair

purposes;

3) Whether there is additional equipment, for example, personal protective

equipment (including protective clothing), or portable lighting is being

carried or worn;

4) The demands of the task, for example, posture, nature and speed of

movement, lines of sight, application of force;

5) Frequency and duration of task;

6) Length of passage, for example, through a relatively thin wall (wall of a tank

or a groove) where there is space for movement at the exit, or through a

channel-type passage;

7) The amount of space available to allow for the dynamic nature of movement

to escape from danger;

8) The position and size of supports for the body, such as foot support, and

hand holds;

b) Environmental conditions (such as darkness, heat, moisture and noise);

c) Level of risk during the task.

The allowances needed in the above-mentioned items depend on the particular

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