GB/T 13594-2025Performance requirements and test methods of anti-lock braking system for commercial vehicle and trailer (English PDF)

5.1 Categories M2, M3, and N vehicles

5.1.1 General A vehicle is considered to be equipped with an anti-lock braking system if it is equipped with one of the following systems.

5.1.2 Category 1 anti-lock braking system Vehicles equipped with a Category 1 anti-lock braking system shall meet all performance requirements of this document.

5.1.3 Category 2 anti-lock braking system Vehicles equipped with a Category 2 anti-lock braking system shall meet all performance requirements except those specified in 6.3.3.6.

5.1.4 Category 3 anti-lock braking system Vehicles equipped with a Category 3 anti-lock braking system shall meet all performance requirements except those specified in

6.3.3.5 and 6.3.3.6. On these vehicles, any axle (bridge) or axle (bridge) group not including a directly controlled wheel shall comply with the provisions of Appendix E of GB 12676-2014 regarding the adhesion coefficient utilization rate and the wheel lock-up sequence under different braking intensities and load conditions. These requirements can be checked by adjusting the control force of the service brakes and conducting braking tests on roads with high adhesion coefficient (approximately 0.8) and low adhesion coefficient (maximum 0.3).

5.2 Category O vehicles

5.2.1 General A trailer is considered to be equipped with an anti-lock braking system when at least one wheel on each side is directly controlled, and the remaining wheels are controlled directly or indirectly by the anti-lock braking system. For a full trailer, at least two wheels on one front axle and two wheels on one rear axle shall be directly controlled, each axle shall have at least one independent adjuster, and the remaining wheels can be directly or indirectly controlled.

5.2.2 Category A anti-lock braking system Trailers equipped with a Category A anti-lock braking system shall meet all the performance requirements of this document.

5.2.3 Category B anti-lock braking system Trailers equipped with a Category B anti-lock braking system shall meet all the performance requirements except for 6.4.3.2.

6.2 General requirements

6.2.1 When an electrical fault occurs that affects the system's function or performance requirements (including abnormal power supply, failure of the controller's external circuit, controller failure, regulator failure) or when a sensor malfunctions, a warning shall be issued to the driver via a dedicated optical warning signal. The warning signal shall comply with the provisions of GB 4094 regarding yellow warning tell-tales.

Note. Before a standardized testing procedure is established, the manufacturer must provide the technical department with an analysis of potential controller failures and their consequences. This information must be agreed upon by both the manufacturer and the technical department.

6.2.2 For sensor anomalies that cannot be detected under static conditions, the detection shall be performed before the vehicle speed exceeds 10 km/h. However, since the wheels do not rotate under static conditions, the sensor cannot generate a vehicle speed signal. To prevent issuing false warning signals, the detection can be postponed, but the sensor shall be confirmed to be working properly before the vehicle speed exceeds 15 km/h.

Note. If there is no fault, the warning signal shall turn off before the vehicle speed reaches 10 km/h or 15 km/h, but the warning signal may turn back on when the vehicle is stationary.

6.2.3 When the vehicle is stationary and the anti-lock braking system is energized, the electronic control regulator shall cycle at least once.

6.2.4 Except for category N1 vehicles, automobiles equipped with an anti-lock braking system and permitted to tow a trailer equipped with an anti-lock braking system shall have a separate optical warning tell-tale for the trailer's anti-lock braking system, conforming to the requirements of 6.2.1.The warning signal shall operate through a 5- contact connector conforming to GB/T 20716.1 and comply with the provisions of GB 4094 regarding yellow warning tell-tales. When coupled to a trailer without an anti- lock braking system or when not coupled to a trailer, the warning signal shall be automatically identifiable and not illuminated.

Note. If appropriate, use the 5-contact or 7-contact connectors in GB/T 20716.1.

6.2.5 When the anti-lock braking system experiences the fault described in 6.2.1, the following requirements shall be met.

a) For categories M2, M3, and N vehicles, their residual braking performance shall meet the requirements specified in

4.2.1.4 of GB 12676-2014 regarding the performance of the corresponding vehicle in the event of component failure of the service brake transmission device. When used for emergency braking, this shall not be used as a reason to deviate from emergency braking regulations;

b) For category O vehicles, their residual braking performance shall meet the requirements of 4.2.2.15b) in GB 12676-2014.

6.2.6 The operation of the anti-lock braking system shall not be adversely affected by magnetic or electric fields. Vehicles equipped with an anti-lock braking system shall comply with the requirements of GB 34660.