GB/T 18654.3-2026Inspection of germplasm for fishes - Part 3: Measurement of characters (English PDF)

4.1 Reagents

4.1.1 Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), concentration (volume fraction) 95%. 4.1.2 75% (volume fraction) ethanol solution. Take 400 mL of 95% ethanol (4.1.1), add 106.67 mL of deionized water or distilled water, Mix well.

4.2 Materials

4.2.1 White porcelain plate.

4.2.2 Magnifying glass.

4.2.3 Dissection instruments.

5.1 Length measuring instruments

5.1.1 Fish measuring plate. accuracy 1mm.

5.1.2 Ruler. accuracy 1mm.

5.1.3 Triangle ruler. accuracy 1mm.

5.1.4 Vernier caliper. accuracy 0.02mm.

5.2 Weighing instruments Select electronic balances with different ranges and accuracies according to the sample size (see Table 1).

5.3 Other Equipment

5.3.1 Dissecting microscope.

5.3.2 Refrigerators and freezers.

6.4 Determination of Measurable Properties

6.4.1 Place the measuring plate (5.1.1) on a stable platform. Place the weighed fish flat on the measuring plate, with its mouth closed and fins extended. However, when the snout is extended, it touches the front vertical baffle of the measuring plate. Based on the measurable traits and size indicators required by the genetic standards of the fish being tested, [further details are needed]. Small, measured using a measuring plate (5.1.1), ruler (5.1.2), set square (5.1.3), or vernier caliper (5.1.4).

6.4.2 During measurement, the movements should be swift and accurate, and each measured value should be read aloud. Data should be retained to 1 to 3 decimal places according to the germplasm standards for the tested fish species. Record the measurements to one decimal place. See Figure 2 for a schematic diagram of the fish's external shape measurement.

6.5 Determination of Countable Traits

6.5.1 Fins The procedure was performed according to the germplasm standards for the tested fish species. The number of fin rays (branched fin rays, unbranched fin rays, spines, and fin spikes) of each fin was counted, and the result was expressed using a fin formula. (As specified in Appendix A, section A.1).

6.5.2 Lateral line scales The number of scales along the lateral line, the number of scales above the lateral line, and the number of scales below the lateral line (as shown in Figures 2.1, 2, and 3) are counted and expressed in scale form (according to the provisions of A.2). (Okay). For fish with special lateral line scales, the provisions of the fish germplasm standard shall apply.

6.5.3 Bone Plates Place the fish flat on the measuring board and count the number of dorsal, left, right, left, and right ventral sacs (as shown in Figure 2). (As shown in 4, 5, and 6).

6.6 Internal Structure Measurement

6.6.1 Peritoneum After dissection, the peritoneum color was accurately described by visual observation.

6.6.2 Stomach After dissection of the sample, the morphology of the stomach was described by visual observation.

6.6.3 Pyloric sac After sample dissection, the pyloric cecum was removed and treated with water at 70°C~80°C for 0.5min~2min to remove any attached material. The pylorus was then described. Determine the morphology of the blind sacs and count their number.

6.6.4 Swim Bladder After dissecting the sample, the internal organs are removed, the morphology of the swim bladder is observed and described, the number of swim bladder chambers is counted, and sometimes the size of the swim bladder chambers also needs to be measured.

6.6.5 Gill rakers Remove the first gill stalk on the left side near the operculum and observe it with the naked eye, a dissecting microscope (5.3.1), or a magnifying glass (4.2.2). Count the gill rakers on the outer side of the gill arch. Count; for fish without gill rakers on the outer side, count the number of gill rakers on the inner side. For small fish or fish with many gill rakers, use a 75% ethanol solution (4.2). It is better to observe and count after soaking.

6.6.6 Otoliths Remove the otoliths from the head, clean them, describe their shape, and count their number.

6.6.7 Hypopharyngeal teeth After the sample is boiled, the pharyngeal teeth are removed, brushed clean, and observed with the naked eye, a dissecting microscope (5.3.1), or a magnifying glass (4.2.2). The number of rows of left and right hypopharyngeal teeth is counted. The number of rows in a column and the number of teeth in each row are expressed in tooth form (as specified in A.3).

6.6.8 Vertebrae After the sample is steamed, the vertebrae are removed, scrubbed clean, and the vertebrae of the fish are observed and counted using the naked eye, a dissecting microscope (5.3.1), or a magnifying glass (4.2.2). Bone count.

6.7 Records The raw biological data from the above observations and measurements are recorded in Table 2.