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GB/T 18487.1-2023Electric vehicle conductive charging system - Part 1: General requirements (English PDF)

电动汽车传导充电系统第1部分：通用要求

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Issued by

State Administration for Market Regulation; Standardization Administration of China

Level / Type

National · Recommended

Issue date

September 7, 2023

Implementation date

April 1, 2024

Scope

GB/T 18487.1-2023 is the English-translated version of 电动汽车传导充电系统第1部分：通用要求.

GB/T 18487.1-2023 is the Chinese national standard on electric vehicle conductive charging system - part 1: general requirements, in the field of road vehicles engineering. The /T suffix marks it as a recommended standard: it is not compulsory by itself, but it becomes binding as soon as a contract, a tender or a customer specification calls it up - which in practice is how most foreign buyers meet it. It was issued on 7 September 2023 by the State Administration for Market Regulation; Standardization Administration of China, and has been in force since 1 April 2024. Classification: ICS 43.040.99, CCS T35. This page is published from the official record of the standard held by the Chinese standards administration: the identification, the dates, the classification and the issuing body are taken from there. The clause text, the tables and the numeric limits are in the document itself, which is delivered complete in English translation.

Document preview — GB/T 18487.1-2023

National Standard of the People's Republic of China

ICS: 43.040.99
Classification: T35

Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation; Standardization Administration of China

1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
3.1 Charging/bi-directional charging system
4 Classification
5 General requirements for charging system
5.1 Service conditions of electric vehicle charging mode
5.1.1 Mode
5.1.2 Mode
5.1.3 Mode
6 Communication
7 Electric shock protection
7.1 General requirements
8 Connection between electric vehicle and EV energy transfer
9 Vehicle adaptor
10 Special requirements for vehicle coupler and EV plug and
10.6 Locking device
11 Structure requirements for EV energy transfer equipment
11.2 Characteristics of mechanical switch devices
11.3 Residual current device
12 Performance requirements for EV energy transfer equipment...
13 Overload protection and short circuit protection...
14 Emergency stop...
15 Service condition...
16 Maintenance and repair...

1 Scope

This document specifies classification, general requirements, communication, electric shock protection, connection between electric vehicle and EV energy transfer equipment, special requirements of vehicle adaptor, vehicle coupler and EV plug and socket-outlet, EV energy transfer equipment structure requirement, performance requirement, overload protection and short circuit protection, emergency stop, service conditions, repair, marking and description for electric vehicle conductive charging system.

2 Normative references

The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the version corresponding to that date is applicable to this document; for undated references, the latest version (including all amendments) is applicable to this document.

GB/T 1002, Single stage plugs and socket-outlets for household and similar purposes - Types, basic parameters and dimensions

GB/T 1003, Single stage plugs and socket-outlets for household and similar purposes - Types, basic parameters and dimensions

GB/T 2099.1, Plugs and socket-outlets for household and similar purposes - Part 1. General requirements

GB/T 2423.3, Environmental testing - Part

3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 19596-2017, GB/T 20234.4-2023, GB/T 29317-2021 and GB/T 32694-2021 as well as those given below apply.

3.1 Charging/bi-directional charging system

3.1.1 charging Powering the rechargeable electrical energy storage system of electric vehicle at a calibrated voltage/current regulated from AC/DC supply network (power supply).

3.1.2 bi-directional charging Adjust the AC or DC power supply network (power supply) to the appropriate voltage/current to provide electric energy for the rechargeable electrical energy storage system of electric vehicle, or using the electric vehicle as a power supply, adjust the appropriate voltage/current and output it to the AC or DC power supply network (power supply), or provide electric energy to loads, etc.

3.1.3 conductive charge A method of charging the battery using electrical conduction. [Source: GB/T 19596-2017, 3.4.2.1]

4 Classification

4.1 By input characteristic of supply network By the power supply system it connected to, EV supply equipment is classified into. -- EV supply equipment connected to AC supply network; -- EV supply equipment connected to DC supply network.

4.2 By type of connection of supply network By the type of connection of the supply network it connected to, EV supply equipment is classified into. -- connected using standard plug cable assembly; -- connected fixedly.

4.3 By type of current of energy transfer (side B) By the type of current of energy transfer on side B, EV supply equipment is classified into. -- AC supply equipment; -- DC supply equipment; -- AC/DC supply equipment.

5.1.1 Mode

1 Mode 1 charging system uses standard plug to connect standard socket-outlet and shall adopt single-stage AC power supply not greater than 8 A and 250 V during energy transmission. The plug and socket-outlet conforming to GB 2099.1 and GB 1002 shall be used at the supply side. stage line, neutral line and protective earthing conductor as well as residual current protective device are used at the supply side. Protective earthing conductor shall be provided from standard socket-outlet to electric vehicle. Mode 1 shall not be used to charge electric vehicle.

5.1.2 Mode

2 Mode 2 charging system uses standard plug to connect standard socket-outlet and shall adopt single-stage AC power supply during energy transmission. When 10 A standard plugs and socket-outlets conforming to GB 2099.1 and GB 1002 or NB/T 10202 are used at the supply side, the output shall not exceed 8 A. When plugs and socket-outlets conforming to GB/T 11918.1 and GB/T 11918.2 are used at the supply side, the output shall not exceed 32 A. Single-stage two-pole plugs and socket-outlets specified in GB/T 1002 shall not be used on the power side. Properly installed standard socket-outlets including stage lines, neutral wires and protective earthing conductors shall be used at the power supply side, and in-cable control and protection devices (IC-CPDs) shall be used to connect the power supply network (power supply) and the electric vehicle. It includes plugs that integrate additional functions such as temperature detection, residual current protection, switching, etc., the rest of which complies with the requirements of the above standards, and meets the test requirements of relevant standards. Protective earthing conductor having residual current protection and overcurrent protection functions shall be provided from standard socket-outlet to electric vehicle. The control pilot function of mode 2 shall comply with Appendix A.

5.1.3 Mode

3 Mode 3 is applicable to that the power supply equipment connected to AC supply network connects electric vehicle and AC supply network and special protection device is installed on EV supply equipment. When EV supply equipment has one or more mode 3 connecting point(s) (EV socket- outlet) that can be used simultaneously, each connecting point shall be provided with special protection device and shall ensure the independent operation of control pilot function. Mode 3 shall be provided with residual current protection function. Case A connection, case B connection and case C connection are applicable to mode 3. When single-stage power supply is adopted, the current shall not be greater than 32 A. When three-stage power supply is adopted and the current is greater than 32A, case C connection shall be adopted.

Note. Applicable to case D connection and case E connection of mode 3, which are under consideration. The control pilot function of mode 3 shall comply with Appendix A.

6 Communication

In mode 4, digital communication shall be adopted to achieve data exchange between electric vehicle and EV supply equipment, and the communication protocol shall comply with GB/T 27930-2023. For modes 2 and 3, digital communication is optional. Digital communication under Modes 2 and 3 can be used for equipment for locations with restricted access, and digital communication requirements for equipment for locations with non-restricted access are under consideration.

7.1 General requirements

7.1.1 General Electric shock is defined as the physiological effect produced by the flow of electric current through a person or domestic animal. The physiological effect may be either harmful (e.g., ventricular fibrillation, heat damages, and suffocation), or harmless (e.g., muscle responses and sensations). Electric shock protective measures under single fault conditions shall be implemented. Under the conditions of intended use and reasonably foreseeable misuse, at least one of the following measures shall be taken to prevent the output circuit of the power supply equipment from electric shock hazards and potential injuries. -- basic protection (see 7.2); -- fault protection (see 7.3); -- complementary measures (see 7.5). Basic protection shall be adopted as the protection under normal operating conditions, and fault protection shall be adopted as the protection under single fault conditions.

7.1.2 Intended use and reasonably foreseeable misuse Intended use and reasonably foreseeable misuse shall meet. -- hazardously live parts shall not be accessible, and accessible conductive parts shall not be hazardously live; and -- hazardous current shall not occur when the charging coupler is disconnected.

8 Connection between electric vehicle and EV energy transfer

8.1 General requirements The requirements for the physical transmission electrical interface between electric vehicle and EV supply equipment are specified in Chapter

8.The content of Chapter 8 applies to charging a single vehicle connector with an electric vehicle. Charging multiple vehicle connectors with the same electric vehicle shall be negotiated separately between the user and the manufacturer. When the power supply equipment is connected to multiple electric vehicles at the same time, there shall be a design mechanism to ensure that the electrical power supply circuits corresponding to each electric vehicle remain galvanic separation at any time. Multi-charging interface DC power supply equipment shall comply with the provisions of Appendix F.

8.2 Neutral line In the AC electric vehicle charging system, the AC supply network shall be provided with neutral line and connected to standard socket-outlet in case A connection. In case B connection and case C connection, the neutral line shall be connected to vehicle connector.

8.3 Contact sequence The contact sequence of connection and disconnection shall meet the relevant requirements of

6.3.1.3 in GB/T 20234.1-2023.

8.4 Explanation for functionality of mode 1 and mode 2 EV plug and socket-outlet and vehicle coupler The mode 1 and mode 2 standard plug/socket-outlet used for connecting to the supply network (power supply) shall meet the requirements of GB/T 1002 or GB/T 1003 and GB/T 2099.1, or GB/T 11918.1, or NB/T 10202, and vehicle coupler /vehicle inlet connected to the electric vehicle shall meet the requirements of GB/T 20234.2-2015.

8.5 Explanation for functionality of mode 3 EV plug and socket-outlet and vehicle coupler The mode 3 EV plug and socket-outlet and vehicle coupler shall meet the requirements of GB/T 20234.2-2015. Where single-stage power supply is adopted, AC supply network (power supply) conductor shall be connected to that between stage 1 (L1) and neutral line (N); L2 and L3 may be left or unconnected. Where three-stage power supply is adopted, AC supply network (power supply) conductor shall be connected to that between stage 1 (L1), stage 2 (L2), stage 3 (L3) and neutral line (N).

8.6 Explanation for functionality of mode 4 vehicle coupler Mode 4 vehicle coupler is only used for providing DC electricity and shall meet the requirements of GB/T 20234.3-2023 or GB/T 20234.4-2023. The interface parameters of each DC vehicle described in GB/T 20234.3-2023 shall only be used for the charging system designated in Appendix B. The interface parameters of each DC vehicle described in GB/T 20234.4-2023 shall only be used for the charging system designated in Appendix C.

9 Vehicle adaptor

For Mode 4, a vehicle adapter can be used to connect the vehicle connector and vehicle inlet. The vehicle adapter shall comply with the provisions of Appendix D in GB/T 20234.4-2023, and the corresponding control pilot circuit shall comply with the provisions of Appendix G. Vehicle adapters shall be clearly labeled with the conditions under which their use is permitted by the electric vehicle manufacturer or operator.

Note. See Appendix H for other special vehicle adapters.

10 Special requirements for vehicle coupler and EV plug and

10.1 General requirements In the application where rated continuous current is greater than 16 A, the EV socket- outlet, vehicle inlet and mode 4 vehicle connector shall be arranged with temperature monitoring device; power supply equipment and electric vehicle shall have temperature monitoring and over-temperature protection function at the interface, and shall meet relevant requirements in GB/T 20234. For electric vehicle power supply equipment in Mode 4 and using the control pilot function of Appendix C, the thermal management of the cable assembly shall also meet the requirements of C.7.9.

Note. Where temperature monitoring device is installed at the side of standard plug in mode 2, patent issue may be involved.

10.2 Cord extension set Except cable assembly, cord extension set shall not be used to connect electric vehicle and EV supply equipment.

10.3 Breaking capacity The breaking capacity of vehicle coupler and EV plug and socket-outlet shall meet the requirements of

7.22 in GB/T 20234.1-2023. Specific method may be used to avoid load disconnection for connector or the system with interlock function. If necessary, the function may be integrated into self-locking device. For mode 4, load disconnection is not allowed for the vehicle coupler. If disconnection appears under DC load due to fault, hazardous condition shall not appear.

10.4 IP protection grade The IP protection grade of connection set for charging shall meet relevant requirements of

7.21 in GB/T 20234.1-2023.

10.5 Insertion and extraction force The force required to connect and disconnect vehicle connector and vehicle inlet shall meet the relevant requirements of

7.17 in GB/T 20234.1-2023. The force used to connect and disconnect EV plug and EV socket-outlet shall meet the relevant requirements of

7.17 in GB/T 20234.1-2023.

10.6 Locking device

10.6.1 Locking device of mode 2 and mode 3 charging coupler Where the AC maximum charging current of supply equipment and on-board charger is greater than 16 A, the EV plug and socket-outlet and vehicle coupler shall be provided with locking function which shall meet the relevant requirements of I.1 and Appendix I and

6.3.4 in GB/T 20234.1-2023.Electronic lock shall be installed on EV socket- outlet and vehicle inlet to prevent from inadvertent disconnection in energy transfer process. For AC power supply equipment using Mode 3, case B connection, when the electronic lock of the EV socket-outlet is not locked as expected or is not locked reliably, charging shall be stopped or not started.

10.6.2 Locking device of Mode 4 charging coupler Where DC charging is adopted, the vehicle coupler shall be provided with locking device. Before the insulation self-check, when it is detected that the locking device of the vehicle coupler is not reliably locked, the DC power supply equipment shall stop the insulation self-check or the electric vehicle shall inform the DC power supply equipment to stop the insulation self-check, and charging shall not be allowed. From the beginning of the insulation self-test to the end of energy transfer, the DC power supply equipment or electric vehicle shall keep the electronic lock locked. After the energy transfer is completed and the vehicle coupler voltage drops below 60 V DC, the electronic lock can be unlocked.

a) For the vehicle coupler of GB/T 20234.3-2023, the locking device shall comply with the provisions of I.2 and

6.3.4 of GB/T 20234.1-2023.Mechanical lock shall be installed at vehicle connector side and the DC power supply equipment shall be able to judge whether the mechanical lock is locked reliably. The vehicle connector shall be installed with electronic lock; where the electronic lock is placed in locking position, mechanical lock shall be inoperable and DC power supply equipment shall be able to judge whether the electronic lock is locked reliably. Where the mechanical lock or electronic lock is not locked reliably, the DC power supply equipment shall stop charging or not start charging. From the

11 Structure requirements for EV energy transfer equipment

11.1 General AC charging should adopt case C connection and DC charging shall adopt case C connection. The structure design of AC power supply equipment for mode 3 case B connection shall meet the installation requirements for EV socket-outlet specified in Appendix B of GB/T 20234.2-2015.The auxiliary accessories used in AC power supply equipment for mode 2 and mode 3 case C connection shall meet the requirements of Appendix A in GB/T 20234.2-2015.The auxiliary accessories used in DC power supply equipment for mode 4 case C connection shall meet the requirements of Appendix A in GB/T 20234.3- 2023 or Appendix A in GB/T 20234.4-2023. EV supply equipment shall meet the requirements under the normal service condition in 15.1; the assembly shall meet the relevant requirements of GB 7251.1-2013 and the power supply equipment manufacturer. See

15.2 for the usage in extreme environment or other conditions.

11.2 Characteristics of mechanical switch devices

11.2.1 Switch and disconnector Switch and disconnector shall meet the relevant requirements of GB/T 14048.3; their use category shall not be lower than AC-22A or DC-21A specified in GB/T 14048.3.

11.2.2 Contactor Contactor shall meet the relevant requirements of GB/T 14048.4; its use category shall not be lower than AC-1 or DC-1 specified in GB/T 14048.4.

11.2.3 Circuit breaker Circuit breaker shall meet the relevant requirements of GB/T 10963.1 or GB/T 14048.2 or GB/T 16917.1 and be provided with overloading and short-circuit protection functions.

11.2.4 Relay Relay shall meet the relevant requirements of GB/T 21711.1-2008.

11.3 Residual current device

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This preview omits tables, figures, formulas and parts of the technical clauses. The complete document — 85 pages — is available in the English PDF.

Referenced standards

Normative references

GB/T 1003Three phase plugs and socket-outlets for household and similar purposes - Types, basic parameters and dimensions

GB/T 1002 · GB/T 2099.1 · GB/T 2423.3

Cited by

Similar standards

GB 26149-2017|GB/Z 42285-2022|GB 11555-2025|GB 11562-2025|GB 11564-2024

Editions of GB/T 18487.1

Edition	Title	Revision	Status
GB/T 18487.1-2023	Electric vehicle conductive charging system - Part 1: General requirements	current edition	Current
GB/T 18487.1-2015	Electric vehicle conductive charging system-Part 1:General requirements	previous edition	Superseded

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