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GB 17120-2025Metalforming machinery - Safety technical specification (English PDF)

锻压机械安全技术规范

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Issued by

State Administration for Market Regulation; Standardization Administration of China

Level / Type

National · Mandatory

Issue date

October 5, 2025

Implementation date

May 1, 2026

Scope

GB 17120-2025 is the English-translated version of 锻压机械安全技术规范.

China's mandatory safety technical specification for metalforming machinery.

Presses, press brakes and shears are the machines that amputate hands, and they do it in a way peculiar to themselves: the hazard is not a rotating tool but a closing die, the operator's hands must go into it to place and remove the work, and the cycle is repeated thousands of times a day until the hands move without thought.

Guarding alone cannot solve it, which is why the specification is built on the protective devices that allow the hands to be there safely - the two-hand control that occupies both hands during the closing stroke, the light curtain that stops the stroke if anything breaks the beam, and above all the stopping performance and the monitored brake, since a light curtain is only as good as the machine's ability to stop before the hand reaches the die.

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Document preview — GB 17120-2025

National Standard of the People's Republic of China

ICS: 25.120.10
Classification: J62

Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation; Standardization Administration of China

Foreword
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Hazard identification of metalforming machinery
5 Safety requirements or measures
6 Special safety requirements for mechanical presses
7 Special safety requirements for screw presses
8 Special safety requirements for hydraulic presses
9 Special safety requirements for pneumatic presses
10 Special safety requirements for shears
11 Special safety requirements for hydraulic sheet bending machines
12 Special safety requirements for uncoiling, leveling and shearing production lines
13 Special safety requirements for plate rolling machines
14 Special safety requirements for automatic forging presses
15 Special safety requirements for pipe bending machines
16 Special safety requirements for combined punching and shearing machines
17 Special safety requirements for laser cutting machines
18 Inspection of safety requirements and/or measures
19 Operating information
20 Responsibilities

Foreword

This document complies with the provisions of GB/T 1.1-2020 "Standardization Work Guidelines Part

1.Structure and Drafting Rules of Standardization Documents". Drafting. This document supersedes GB 17120-2012 "Safety Technical Conditions for Forging and Pressing Machinery" and GB 6077-1985 "Safety Regulations for Shearing Machinery". GB 27607-2011 "Safety Technical Requirements for Mechanical Presses" and GB 28241-2012 "Safety Technical Requirements for Hydraulic Presses" partially replace [the relevant standards]. GB 26485-2011 "Safety Requirements for Uncoiling, Leveling, and Shearing Production Lines", GB 27608-2011 "Safety Requirements for Combined Punching and Shearing Machines", GB 28240-2012 "Safety Technical Requirements for Shearing Machines", GB 28242-2012 "Safety Technical Requirements for Screw Presses", GB 28243-2012 "Safety Technical Requirements for Hydraulic Plate Bending Machines", GB 28244-2012 "Safety Technical Requirements for Automatic Forging Presses", Mandatory requirements of GB 28760-2012 "Safety Technical Requirements for Pipe Bending Machines" and GB 30458-2013 "Safety Technical Requirements for Plate Rolling Machines", etc. Compared with the above standards, apart from structural adjustments and editorial changes, the main technical changes are as follows:

---The requirements for "Hazards of Forging Machinery" have been amended (see Chapter 4, Chapter 4 of GB 17120-2012 edition);

---The "General Requirements" have been amended (see 5.1, GB 17120-2012 edition 5.1);

---The "Transmission System" has been amended (see 5.2, GB 17120-2012 edition 5.2);

---The "overload protection device" has been modified (see 5.2.5,

5.5 of GB 17120-2012 edition);

---The requirements for "Electrical Systems" have been amended (see 5.3,

5.7 of GB 17120-2012 edition);

---The requirements for "hydraulic systems" have been changed (see 5.4,

5.8 of GB 17120-2012 edition);

---The requirements for "pneumatic systems" have been changed (see 5.5,

5.9 of GB 17120-2012 edition);

---The "Control and Monitoring System" has been amended (see 5.6, GB 17120-2012 version 5.6);

1 Scope

This document specifies the safety requirements for the design, manufacture and use of metalforming machinery.

This document is applicable to the design, manufacture and acceptance of metalforming machinery.

This document is not applicable to metalforming machinery manufactured before the implementation of this document.

2 Normative references

The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

GB/T 150(All parts) Pressure vessels

GB/T 1251.2 Ergonomics - Visual danger signals - General requirements, design and testing

GB 2894 Safety colours and safety signs

GB/T 3766 Hydraulic fluid power - General rules and safety requirements for systems and their components

GB/T 4584 Specification of active opto-electronic protective devices for presses

GB/T 5091 Specification of safeguard for presses

GB/T 5092 Specification of induction protective devices for presses

GB/T 5226.1-2019 Electrical safety of machinery - Electrical equipment of machines - Part 1: General requirements

GB/T 7247.1 Safety of laser products - Part 1: Equipment classification and requirements

GB/T 7932 Pneumatic fluid power - General rules and safety requirements for systems and their components

GB/T 8196 Safety of machinery - Guards - General requirements for the design and construction of fixed and movable guards

GB 11291.1 Robots for industrial environments - Safety requirements - Part 1: Robot

GB 11291.2 Robots and robotic devices - Safety requirements for industrial robots - Part 2: Robot systems and integration

GB/T 14775 General ergonomics requirements for controller

3 Terms and definitions

For the purpose of this document, the terms and definitions defined in GB/T 15706-2012 and GB/T 36484 as well as the following apply.

3.1 hazard

potential source of harm

[Source: GB/T 15706-2012, 3.6]

3.2 risk

combination of the probability of occurrence of harm and the severity of that harm

[Source: GB/T 15706-2012, 3.12]

3.3 risk assessment

the entire process including risk analysis and risk evaluation

[Source: GB/T 15706-2012, 3.17]

3.4 emergency stop

emergency stop function

a function intended to:

——prevent ongoing or reduce existing dangers to personnel, damage to the machine or work in progress;

——be triggered by a single person's action

[Source: GB/T 15706-2012, 3.40]

3.5 interlocking device

mechanical, electrical or other type of device used to prevent a hazardous machine function from operating under specific conditions (usually when the guard is not closed)

[Source: GB/T 15706-2012, 3.28]

3.6 safety function

machine function whose failure immediately results in an increase in risk

[Source: GB/T 15706-2012, 3.30]

3.7 hazard zone of working

area on the metalforming machinery where workpiece processing is completed

Note: Such as the space included in the projection of the tools (including auxiliary devices) installed on the relatively moving working parts or the reciprocating linear moving working parts onto the worktable in the stroke direction; or the space included between the flame, laser, high-pressure fluid and the workpiece.

3.8 working stroke

stroke of the reciprocating working part of the metalforming machinery from the fully open position to the fully closed position

3.9 safety distance

minimum distance between the protective device and the hazard zone of working to ensure safety

3.10 multi-synchronous actuation

operation mode in which when two or more operators perform operations together, each person operates the two-hand control device simultaneously to start the working part

3.11 impeding device

physical obstacle (such as a low barrier, railing, etc.)

Note: The setting of physical obstacles shall not prevent personnel from entering the hazard zone, but can block free access and reduce the probability of entering the hazard zone by setting obstacles.

[Source: GB/T 15706-2012, 3.29, modified]

3.12 remote service

remote control of metalforming machinery for data exchange to achieve fault finding, diagnosis, maintenance, data analysis or optimized remote control purposes

4 Hazard identification of metalforming machinery

4.1 Risk assessment of metalforming machinery shall be carried out in accordance with the relevant provisions of Chapter 4 and Chapter 5 of GB/T 15706-2012.

4.2 When identifying hazards, the hazards that may arise under various conditions during the service life of the metalforming machinery (commissioning, operation, adjustment, cleaning, repair and maintenance) shall include at least:

——Unexpected start-up;

——Failure of the control system;

——Hazards arising from operators and other personnel entering the hazard zone;

——Intended use and reasonably foreseeable misuse;

——Other significant hazards related to metalforming machinery.

10 Special safety requirements for shears

11 Special safety requirements for hydraulic sheet bending machines

12 Special safety requirements for uncoiling, leveling and shearing production lines

15 Special safety requirements for pipe bending machines

16 Special safety requirements for combined punching and shearing machines

20 Responsibilities

Metalforming machinery - Safety technical specification

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This preview omits tables, figures, formulas and parts of the technical clauses. The complete document — 44 pages — is available in the English PDF.

Referenced standards

Normative references

GB/T 150 · GB/T 1251.2 · GB/T 5091 · GB/T 5092 · GB/T 14776 · GB/T 15706-2012 · GB/T 17454.1 · GB/T 17888 · GB/T 18831-2017 · GB/T 40808.4

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