NB/T 10330-2019DC contactors for electric vehicles (English PDF)

3.1 Electric vehicle; EV

Mainly used for vehicles driven by electric motors used on public streets, highways or highways, whose driving current comes from rechargeable Batteries or other portable energy storage devices (rechargeable, the energy used comes from outside the vehicle, such as residential areas or public power facilities).

Note: In ISO publications, "electric vehicle" is represented by "electric road vehicle". [IEC 60364-7-772:2015,722.3.1]

3.2 Power battery system

One or more battery packs and corresponding accessories (battery management system, high-voltage circuit, low-voltage circuit, thermal management equipment and machine (Mechanical assembly) constitutes an energy storage device that provides electrical energy for the driving of the electric vehicle. [GB/T 19596-2017, 3.1.2.1.9]

3.3 High voltage power system

The high-voltage drive component system of electric vehicles whose internal B-level voltage is connected to the DC bus of the power battery or driven by the power battery power supply System, including but not limited to. power battery system and/or high voltage power distribution system (high voltage relay, fuse, resistor, main switch, etc.), Motor and its controller system, DC/DC converter and vehicle charger, etc. [GB/T 19596-2017, 3.1.2.1.11]

3.4 Minimum operating temperature

The lowest value of the ambient temperature at which the DC contactor for electric vehicles can work.

3.5 Maximum operating temperature

Tmax The highest value of ambient temperature at which DC contactors for electric vehicles can work continuously.

3.6 Critical load current

Breaking current with significantly prolonged arcing time within the range of operating conditions. [IEC 60947-1:2014,2.5.16]

4.1 Summary of Features

The characteristics of DC contactors for electric vehicles are specified by the following items (when applicable);

--The rated value and limit value of the main circuit (4.2);

--Control circuit (4.3);

- Auxiliary circuit (4.4); -Coordination with short-circuit protection appliances (4.5); -Functional status classification (4.6).

4.2 Ratings and limits of the main circuit

4.2.1 Rated voltage

4.2.1.1 Rated working voltage (Ue)

The rated working voltage is the voltage value specified by the manufacturer and the rated working current combination to determine the performance of the DC contactor.

Preferred values of rated working voltage. 150V, 250 (200) V, 450 (400) V, 750 (700) V, 1000V, 1200V, 1500V.

Note: Due to technological advancement, the rated working voltage of the DC contactor can use other voltage levels, which should match the voltage level of the high-voltage system of electric vehicles.

4.2.1.2 Rated insulation voltage (Ui)

The rated insulation voltage is the voltage value specified by the manufacturer, which is related to the dielectric test voltage and creepage distance.

Under no circumstances should the maximum rated working voltage exceed the rated insulation voltage.

4.2.1.3 Rated impulse withstand voltage (Uimp)

Under specified conditions, the DC contactor can withstand impulse voltage peaks of specified shape and polarity without breakdown. This value and electricity The air gap is related.

4.2.2 Current

4.2.2.1 Conventional free air heating current (Ith)

4.2.2.2 Conventional enclosed thermal current (Ithe)

4.2.2.3 Rated operating current (Ie)

4.2.3 Normal load and overload characteristics

4.2.3.1 Rated making and breaking capacity

The rated making capacity of the DC contactor refers to the current value that can be connected well under the specified The current value that can be broken well under certain breaking conditions shall be specified by the manufacturer.

The rated making and breaking capacity of the DC contactor shall meet the conditions of 7.2.10.1.

4.2.3.2 Conventional operating performance

The agreed operation performance of the direct contactor shall meet the conditions of 7.2.10.2.

4.2.3.3 Overload capacity

The overload making and breaking capacity of the DC contactor should meet the conditions of 7.2.10.3, and the overload current capacity should meet the conditions of 7.2.10.4. The limited breaking capacity shall meet the conditions of 7.2.10.5.

4.2.3.4 Critical load current

The critical load current of the DC contactor should be able to meet the conditions of 7.2.10.6.

4.2.3.5 Rated limit short-circuit current

The rated limit short-circuit current of the DC contactor is under the test conditions of 8.3.3, protected with the short-circuit protection device specified by the manufacturer, The expected short-circuit current value that can be well withstood within the operating time of the short-circuit protection appliance, which is specified by the manufacturer.

The specific requirements of the designated short-circuit protection electrical appliances shall be specified by the manufacturer, and the use of fuses for electric vehicle protection is recommended.

4.3 Control circuit

Characteristics of electrical and electronic control circuits.

--Type of current;

--Rated frequency (applicable for AC only);

--Rated control power supply voltage Us;

--The type of external control circuit appliances (contacts, sensors, optocouplers, active electronic devices, etc.);

--Power consumption.

The rated control power supply voltage and rated frequency (if applicable) determine the operation and temperature rise characteristic parameters of the control circuit.

4.3.2.1 in GB/T 14048.1-2012 applies

4.3.2.2 in GB/T 14048.1-2012 applies

4.3.2.3 in GB/T 14048.1-2012 applies

4.4 Auxiliary circuit

The characteristics of auxiliary circuits are the number and type of contacts (a contact, b contact, etc.) in each circuit and their rated values. For rated values, see GB/T 14048.5-2017.

The characteristics of the auxiliary contact should meet the requirements of GB/T 14048.5-2017.

4.5 Coordination and cooperation with short-circuit protection devices (SCPD)

The manufacturer shall specify the type and characteristics of the SCPD used in conjunction with the DC contactor and apply to DC contact at the rated working voltage The maximum expected short-circuit current of the device (including SCPD).

4.6 Functional status classification

4.6.1 General provisions

Describe the functional state of the DC contactor during and after the test.

4.6.2 Level A The DC contactor can perform all its pre-designed functions during and after the test.

The DC contactor can perform all its pre-designed functions during and after the test. However, one or more indicators may exceed the regulations The deviation. All functions shall automatically return to normal operation after the test. The storage function shall comply with Class A.

4.6.3 Level B

4.6.4 Level C

In the test, the DC contactor does not perform one or more of its pre-designed functions, but all functions can automatically return to normal after the test run.

4.6.5 Level D

During the test, the DC contactor does not perform one or more of its pre-designed functions, and cannot automatically return to normal operation after the test.

The DC contactor needs to be reactivated by a simple operation.

4.6.6 Level E

During the test, the DC contactor does not perform one or more of its pre-designed functions, and cannot automatically return to normal operation after the test. The DC contactor needs to be repaired or replaced.

5.1 Data content

The manufacturer shall provide the following relevant information.

p) Rated control power supply voltage (Us), current nature and rated frequency;

q) The rated value of the auxiliary circuit; EMC performance.

r) Environment A or B;

i) Special requirements, such as the application of shielded wires and twisted-pair wires.

5.1.1 Nameplate

a) The name or trademark of the manufacturer;

b) Product model or serial number;

5.1.2

Characteristics, basic ratings, characteristic.

c) Rated working voltage;

d) Rated working current;

e) Polarity of wiring terminal (if applicable);

f) Polar impedance (Z); Related value.

g) Overload making and breaking capacity;

h) Ability to withstand overload current;

i) Ultimate breaking capacity; Security and installation.

j) Rated insulation voltage;

k) Rated impulse withstand voltage;

l) Enclosure protection level, for enclosed electrical appliances with enclosures;

m) Pollution degree;

n) Rated limited short-circuit current and SCPD type, current rating and characteristics;

o) The maximum allowable altitude of the installation site, such as higher than the altitude of 2 000 m; Control circuit.

The following control circuit parameters should be marked on the coil or electrical appliance.

Note 1. Other relevant information such as holding power or pull-in power can be given in the product manual and other materials. Auxiliary circuit.

Note 2. Normal installation conditions do not use shielded wires and twisted-pair wires.

5.2 Logo

The data in 5.1.2 can be marked on the nameplate or on the product or in the manual published by the manufacturer.

The data of e) in 5.1.2 shall be marked on the product.

5.3 Instructions for installation, operation and maintenance

of GB/T 14048.1-2012 applies.

6.1 Normal use conditions

6.1.1 Ambient air temperature

The manufacturer shall provide the highest ambient air temperature Tmax and the lowest ambient air temperature Tmin at which the DC contactor can work normally.

The recommended maximum ambient air temperature is. 70°C or 85°C; the recommended minimum ambient air temperature is. -25°C or -40°C.

6.1.2 Altitude

The altitude of the installation site generally does not exceed 2 000 m.

Note: When installing at a higher altitude, the dielectric strength reduction and air cooling effect should be considered. Such a DC contactor should be based on the agreement between the manufacturer and the user It is recommended to design and use.

6.1.3 Atmospheric conditions

6.1.3.1 Humidity

The air is clean and does not contain corroding DC contactor materials or destroying insulating, conductive and explosive media.

When the temperature remains unchanged at 40°C, the relative humidity is 95% maximum.

When the temperature changes rapidly from -25°C to 30°C, the maximum relative humidity is 95% and the maximum absolute humidity is 30 g/m³.

6.1.3.2 Pollution degree

of GB/T 14048.1-2012 applies and is supplemented as follows.

DC contactors are generally suitable for environments with pollution degree 3.However, for special purposes and internal micro-environment, other Pollution level.

6.1.3.3 Shock and vibration

During use, the DC contactor will withstand vibrations and shocks of various frequencies and accelerations, and its requirements should meet 8.4.1 and The specified conditions in 8.4.2.

6.2 Transport and storage conditions

If the transportation and storage conditions of the DC contactor, such as temperature and humidity, are different from those specified in 6.1, the manufacturer and user should A special agreement was reached. Unless otherwise specified, the following temperature range applies to transportation and storage. between -40°C and 85°C.

Electrical appliances that do not operate under extreme temperatures should not be subject to irreversible damage. Under normal conditions, electrical appliances should be able to operate normally according to regulations. Made.

More stringent transportation and storage conditions are negotiated between the manufacturer and the user.

6.3 Installation

The DC contactor should be installed and used in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions and product identification.

7.1 Structural requirements

7.1.2 Current-carrying parts and their connections

7.1.3 Electrical clearance and creepage distance

7.1.3 of GB/T 14048.1-2012 applies.

7.1.4 Terminals

7.1.4 in GB/T 14048.1-2012 applies.

For inflatable products (not filled with air or compressed air), it is allowed to evaluate the insulation system according to GB/T 16927.1.

7.1.8 of GB/T 14048.1-2012 applies.

7.1.1 Materials

7.1.1.1 General requirements

The materials used in the DC contactor should not have any adverse effects on electric vehicles under the action of abnormal heat and fire.

7.1.1.2 Glow wire test

When testing on DC contactors or components, the insulating material components used to fix the current-carrying parts should comply with GB/T 14048.1-2012 8.2.1.1.1 The glow wire test requires that the test temperature is 850°C or higher, 960°C.

Other insulating material parts shall meet the glow wire test requirements of 8.2.1.1.1 in GB/T 14048.1-2012, and the test temperature shall be 650°C.

7.1.1.3 Heat resistance

The DC contactor should have sufficient heat resistance.

Compliance with the requirements is checked by the test of 8.2.2.

7.2 Performance requirements

7.2.1 Scope of action

The DC contactor is within the range of the highest ambient air temperature Tmax and the lowest ambient air temperature Tmin declared by the manufacturer.

Any value between 85% and 110% of the voltage Us should be reliably pulled in; the limit value for the release and complete disconnection of the DC contactor is the rated control power voltage 10%~75% of Us.

The limit value of the pull-in is when the ambient air temperature is the ambient temperature declared by the manufacturer (the highest ambient air temperature Tmax), and the coil is at 100% Us It is determined after continuous power-on reaches a stable temperature rise.

The release limit value is determined when the coil circuit resistance is at the lowest ambient air temperature Tmin.

The pull-in time and release time of the DC contactor should not be greater than the value specified by the manufacturer.

Note: If the rated control power supply voltage Us declared by the manufacturer is a range value, such as 9 V-36 V, the DC contactor should be reliably within the declared voltage range The limit value of pull-in, release and complete disconnection is 10%~75% of Usmin.

7.2.2 Coil power consumption

The power consumption of the DC contactor coil shall be obtained through the test of 8.3.2.2.

of GB/T 14048.1-2012 is applicable, and the test should be carried out on a clean, new DC contactor.

7.2.2.1 of GB/T 14048.1-2012 applies.

7.2.2.2 of GB/T 14048.1-2012 applies.

7.2.2.3 of GB/T 14048.1-2012 applies.

7.2.2.5 of GB/T 14048.1-2012 applies.

7.2.2.7 in GB/T 14048.1-2012 applies

7.2.2.8 in GB/T 14048.1-2012 is applicable and also applicable to parts made of insulating materials.

The temperature rise measured during the test under the conditions specified in 8.3.2.7 shall not exceed Table 1 in this standard and GB/T 14048.1-2012 respectively. The limit values specified in 7.2.2.1 and 7.2.2.2.

If there is an electronic control electromagnet, it is not feasible to measure the temperature rise of the coil through the change of resistance. At this time, other types can be used. Methods, such as thermocouples or other applicable methods.

7.2.3 Polar impedance

The pole impedance is specified by the manufacturer and is determined by measuring the voltage drop caused by the current flowing through the pole. It should be obtained by the test of 8.3.2.3 take.

of GB/T 14048.1-2012 is applicable, with the following modifications.

7.2.4 Overvoltage

The ability of the DC contactor coil to withstand overvoltage shall be checked by the test of 8.3.2.4 to meet the requirements.

7.2.4.2 of GB/T 14048.1-2012 applies, and the following requirements are added.

According to the test method described in 8.3.2.11, the DC contactor should be able to switch on and off the test current and the number of operation cycles in Table 5.

7.2.5 The supply voltage drops instantaneously

The instantaneous drop in the supply voltage of the DC contactor coil shall be checked by the test of 8.3.2.5 to see if it meets the requirements.

7.2.6 Reset performance for voltage dip

The reset performance of the DC contactor coil against voltage sags shall be checked by the test of 8.3.2.6 to meet the requirements.

7.2.7 Temperature rise

7.2.7.1 General requirements

Note 1. When the test voltage is lower than 100 V, the contact resistance due to oxidation may affect the temperature rise. The test is performed under 100 V When the electrical contacts should be cleaned, it can be done by non-abrasive methods or 10 operating cycles at any voltage.

7.2.7.2 Terminals

7.2.7.3 Accessible parts

7.2.7.4 Ambient air temperature

7.2.7.5 Main circuit

When testing in accordance with 8.3.2.7.4, the main circuit of the DC contactor should be able to carry the agreed free air heating current or the agreed closed generator Thermal current, and its temperature rise does not exceed the limit value specified in 7.2.2.1 of GB/T 14048.1-2012.

7.2.7.6 Control circuit

7.2.7.7 Coil and solenoid winding

When the main circuit passes the maximum current specified in 7.2.7.5, the winding of the contactor coil must withstand the highest rated control under continuous load The power supply voltage does not exceed the temperature rise limit specified in Table 1 and GB/T 14048.1-2012 7.2.2.6.

Note: According to some technical methods (such as certain types of electronic control electromagnets), when the coil is connected in normal operation, the control power supply voltage may not be straight The connection is applied to the coil winding.

7.2.7.8 Auxiliary circuit

7.2.7.9 Other parts

7.2.8 Current cycle test

The current cycle test of the DC contactor shall pass the test of 8.3.2.8 to check whether it meets the requirements. Measure the temperature rise of the terminal after the test, Should not exceed the limit specified in 7.2.7.

7.2.9 Dielectric properties

7.2.9.1 Impulse withstand voltage

The rated impulse withstand current should be equal to or higher than 4 kV.

7.2.9.2 Power frequency withstand voltage

The power frequency withstand voltage should be carried out in accordance with Table 2.

7.2.10 Performance requirements under normal load and overload conditions

7.2.10.1 Making and breaking capacity

According to the test method described in 8.3.2.10, the DC contactor should be able to switch on and off the test current and the number of operation cycles in Table 3.

The power-on time and interval time should not exceed the values specified in Table 3 and Table 4.

7.2.10.2 Conventional operating performance

7.2.10.3 Overload making and breaking capacity

According to the test method described in 8.3.2.12, the DC contactor should be able to switch on and off the overload current and the number of operation cycles in Table 6.

7.2.10.4 Ability to withstand overload current

The DC contactor should be able to withstand an overload current of 8Ie for 10 s.

The DC contactor shall be verified for its ability to withstand overload current according to 8.3.2.13.

Note: The withstand overload current multiple and withstand time can also be increased, which can be agreed between the user and the manufacturer, but the I2t value should not be less than the specified value.

7.2.10.5 Ultimate breaking capacity