GB 30000.28-2013Rules for classification and labelling of chemicals - Part 28: Hazardous to the aquatic environment (English PDF)

3.1 Terms and Definitions

GB 13690 and defined by the following terms and definitions apply to this document.

3.1.1 Acute aquatic toxicity acuteaquatictoxicity Can short exposure to the substance in the water organism damage, the nature of the material itself.

3.1.2 Acute (short-term) hazard acute (short-term) hazard Acute toxicity of chemicals on aquatic organisms in the water of the harm caused by short-term exposure.

3.1.3 Availability availability Substance becomes a soluble or disaggregate species level. Metal availability, refers to the metal (M) compound of a metal ion moiety may It exploded from the remainder of the compound (molecule) out of level.

3.1.4 Bioavailability bioavailability; biologicalavailability The degree of biological substances are absorbed and distributed in the body of a biological region.

3.1.5 Bioaccumulation bioaccumulation Biological substances are absorbed via all routes of exposure (ie air, water, sediment/soil and food), and the net result of the conversion of the discharge.

3.1.6 Bioaccumulation bioconcentration Substances are absorbed by organisms via waterborne exposure, transformation and elimination of the net result.

3.1.7 Chronic aquatic toxicity chronicaquatictoxicity Can have detrimental effects on water in contact with the substance of the organism, the contact time is determined based on the life cycle of the organism, is the material itself Properties.

3.1.8 Complex mixture complexmixtures Multi-component material multi-componentsubstances Complex substances complexsubstances Individual substances with different solubility and physical and chemical properties of a complex mixture of mixture. In most cases, they can be described With specific carbon chain length/number of degree of substitution range homolog substances.

3.1.9 Degradation of degradation Organic molecules into smaller molecules and eventually to carbon dioxide, water and salts.

3.1.10 Long-term harm long-termhazard Chronic toxicity of chemicals to aquatic organisms in the water of the harm caused by long-term exposure.

3.1.11 No Observed Effect Concentration noobservedeffectconcentration; NOEC The lowest test concentration measured just below an effective statistically adverse effects was concentration. NOEC does not produce statistically valid Adverse effects should be subject to regulation.

3.2 Acronyms The following abbreviations apply to this document. BCF. Bioconcentration Factor (BioconcentrationFactor) BOD. Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BiochemicalOxygenDemand) COD. Chemical oxygen demand (ChemicalOxygenDemand) QSAR/QSARs. Quantitative Structure Activity Relationships (QuantitativeStructure-activityRelationship/Quantitative Structure-activityRelationships)

3.3 Symbol The following symbols apply to this document. ECx. x% effect concentration. EC50. effect concentration half. ErC50. Based on the growth rate of decline in EC50. LC50. lethal concentration. L (E) C50. LC50 or EC50.

4.1 Basic Elements

4.1.1 The basic elements for this section For the basic elements of this section are.

--- Acute aquatic toxicity;

--- Chronic aquatic toxicity;

--- May be formed in vivo or actual accumulation;

--- Organic compounds (biotic or abiotic) degradation.

4.1.2 use the principles of data According to the data priority internationally harmonized test methods can also be using the data obtained by the national equivalent test methods. Typically, light Water and marine species toxicity data can be considered equivalent to the data, they should (GLP) follow the principles of good laboratory to produce and use by OECD Test Guidelines or equivalent test guidelines drawn. If you can not get this data, you should use the best available data quality sort.

4.1.3 Acute aquatic toxicity Acute aquatic toxicity is generally used fish 96hLC50 (GB/T 27861 Test Guidelines or equivalent), crustacea 48hEC50 (GB/T 21830 Test Guidelines or equivalent) and/or algae 72h or 96hEC50 (GB/T 21805 Test Guidelines or equivalent) is determined. This Some species can be considered representative of all aquatic organisms, if an appropriate test method, may also consider other types of creatures (such as duckweed) data.

4.1.4 Chronic aquatic toxicity Use NOEC or other equivalent ECx data, according to GB/T 21854 (fish early life stage toxicity test), GB/T 21828 Data (Daphnia magna reproduction test) and GB/T 21805 (algal growth inhibition test) produce acceptable. You can also use other proven Effective and internationally recognized test data.

4.1.5 bioaccumulation potential Bioaccumulation potential is usually n-octanol/water partition coefficient, usually GB/T 21853 or GB/T 21852 determined lg Kow. But if you can get the experimentally determined bioconcentration factor (BCF), should be used in preference bioconcentration factor (BCF). Bioaccumulation Coefficient should be determined according to GB/T 21800 or GB/T 21858.

4.1.6 Rapid degradability

4.1.6.1 Environmental degradation may be biotic or abiotic also possible (such as hydrolysis), see 4.2.10.3. Rapid Biodegradable Press biodegradability test (GB/T 21801 ~ 21803, GB/T 21831, GB/T 21856 ~ 21857, GB/T 27850) definition. These tests by level as most indicative of rapid degradation in the environment. As these are freshwater tests, so they should also Including the use of more suitable for the marine environment GB/T 21815.1 results. Without these data, BOD (5d)/COD ratio is not small

0.5 can also be used as indicative of rapid degradation.

4.1.6.2 such as hydrolysis of non-biodegradable, primary degradation, both abiotic and biotic, non-aqueous media, degradation, and the environment has been demonstrated Real rapid degradation can be considered when defining rapid degradability, see the relevant provisions of Annex 9 of the GHS.

4.2 classification standard substance

4.2.1 Classification criteria for substances consists of three acute classification categories and four chronic classification categories core part (GHS is composed of three acute Classification categories and three chronic classification categories, and Table 1). Acute and chronic category alone. The substance is classified as category acute 1-

3 Standard acute toxicity data only (EC50 or LC50) basis. The substance is classified as chronic classification standard 1-3 class, hierarchical party Law, the first step is to see whether the existing information on chronic toxicity can be used for long-term hazard classification. If there is no adequate chronic toxicity classification number It is the next step to be combined with two types of information, ie acute toxicity and environmental fate data (degradability and bioaccumulation data).

4.2.2 Chronic Category 4, the "safety net" classification for use when the data available do not allow classification according to formal criteria, but there are still a number of reasons Use worrying. No toxicity has been demonstrated for poorly water-soluble substance, if the substance is not rapidly degraded and have bioaccumulation Potential, then it can be classified. For such poorly soluble substances, due to the low exposure levels and potentially slow camera organisms Take, may not make a full assessment of the short-term toxicity tests. If confirmed without substance classified as long-term aquatic hazard, also row In addition to the necessary classification.

4.2.3 Acute toxicity was significantly lower than 1mg/L or chronic toxicity was significantly lower than 0.1mg/L (if not rapidly degradable) and 0.01mg/L (If rapidly degradable) materials, as components of the mixture even at a low concentration can still increase the toxicity of the mixture, when using the additive method, Should be given more weight.

4.2.4 Classification of substances

4.2.4.1 criteria for hazard classification of substances to the aquatic environment AQUATIC substance classification criteria in Table 1. Sort a Table 1 AQUATIC substances

a) Acute (short-term) Aquatic hazard Category 1b 96hLC50 (fish) <=1mg/L and/or 48hEC50 (crustacea) <=1mg/L and/or 72 or 96hErC50 (algae or other aquatic plants) <=1mg/Lc Some management systems may be subdivided acute category 1, including lower amplitude L (E) C50<=0.1mg/L Category 2 96hLC50 (fish) > 1mg/L and <=10mg/L and/or 48hEC50 (crustacea) > 1mg/L and <=10mg/L and/or 72 or 96hErC50 (algae or other aquatic plants) > 1mg/L and <=10mg/Lc Category 3 96hLC50 (fish) > 10mg/L and <=100mg/L and/or 48hEC50 (crustacea) > 10mg/L and <=100mg/L and/or 72h or 96hErC50 (algae or other aquatic plants) > 10mg/L and <=100mg/Lc Some management system through the introduction of another category may, extend this range to L (E) C50 > 100mg/L

b) long-term aquatic hazard (see picture 1) (A) can not fast Speed degradation Quality d, has acquired Adequate chronic Toxicity data Category 1b Slow poison NOEC or ECx (fish) <=0.1mg/L and/or Slow poison NOEC or ECx (crustacea) <=0.1mg/L and/or Slow poison NOEC or ECx (for algae or other aquatic plants) <=0.1mg/L Category

2 Slow poison NOEC or ECx (fish) <=1mg/L and/or Slow poison NOEC or ECx (crustacea) <=1mg/L and/or Slow poison NOEC or ECx (for algae or other aquatic plants) <=1mg/L (Ii) quickly Degradable material, There is already sufficient Chronic toxicity data Category 1b Slow poison NOEC or ECx (fish) <=0.01mg/L and/or Slow poison NOEC or ECx (crustacea) <=0.01mg/L and/or Slow poison NOEC or ECx (for algae or other aquatic plants) <=0.01mg/L Category

2 Slow poison NOEC or ECx (fish) <=0.1mg/L and/or Slow poison NOEC or ECx (crustacea) <=0.1mg/L and/or Slow poison NOEC or ECx (for algae or other aquatic plants) <=0.1mg/L Category

3 Slow poison NOEC or ECx (fish) <=1mg/L and/or Slow poison NOEC or ECx (crustacea) <=1mg/L and/or Slow poison NOEC or ECx (for algae or other aquatic plants) <=1mg/L Table 1 (continued)

b) long-term aquatic hazard (see picture 1) (C) Not palm Chronic sufficient grip Toxicity data substance Category 1b 96hLC50 (fish) <=1mg/L and/or 48hEC50 (crustacea) <=1mg/L and/or 72h or 96hErC50 (algae or other aquatic plants) <=1mg/Lc And the substance is not rapidly degradable and/or the experimentally determined BCF>=500 (in the absence of test results, the lgKow>=4) d, e Category 2 96hLC50 (fish) > 1mg/L and <=10mg/L and/or 48hEC50 (crustacea) > 1mg/L and <=10mg/L and/or 72h or 96hErC50 (algae or other aquatic plants) > 1mg/L and <=10mg/Lc And the substance is not rapidly degradable and/or the experimentally determined BCF>=500 (in the absence of test results, the lgKow>=4) d, e Category 3 96hLC50 (fish) > 10mg/L and <=100mg/L and/or 48hEC50 (crustacea) > 10mg/L and <=100mg/L and/or 72h or 96hErC50 (algae or other aquatic plants) > 10mg/L and <=100mg/Lc And the substance is not rapidly degradable and/or the experimentally determined BCF>=500 (in the absence of test results, the lgKow>=4) d, e

c) "safety net" classification Chronic Category

4 For poorly soluble substances, such as no acute toxicity is below the level of the water-soluble, and can not quickly drop Solution, lgKow>=4 (exhibit bioaccumulation potential), will be classified in this category unless other scientific evidence does not We need to be classified. Such evidence would include an experimentally determined BCF > 500, or a chronic toxicity NOECs > 1mg/L, or rapid degradation in the environment a fish, crustacea and algae and other biological species as an alternative test, the test includes a series of trophic levels and taxa, and the test methods are highly standard Normalized. You can also use other biological data, it is subject to species and test endpoints equivalent. b in Category 1 of substance for acute and chronic category 1 classification, and/or, should also indicate the method for adding and using appropriate magnification factor (M factor, see table 5). c Where the algal toxicity ErC50 [= EC50 (growth rate)] falls to 100 times the level of sub-sensitive species under and lead based solely on this effect points Class, to consider whether this toxicity is representative of the toxicity to aquatic plants. If you can prove that is not the case, then you should use professional judgment to determine Whether it should be classified. Classification should be based ErC50. In the absence of provisions EC50 reference, and no ErC50 is recorded, classification should be based on available The lowest EC50 basis. d can not be determined on the basis of rapid degradation, is the material itself does not have biodegradability or other evidence is not rapidly degradable. Have not mastered The case of significant degradation of the data, either experimentally determined or estimated data, the substance should be regarded as not rapidly degradable. e bioconcentration potential to get BCF>=500 test basis, or, if no such value to lgKow>=4 basis, provided that lgKow It is an appropriate descriptor for the bioaccumulation potential of the substance. Measured BCF value takes precedence over lgKow value, lgKow measured values take precedence over estimated value.

4.2.4.2 AQUATIC substance classification scheme According to the standard classification of substances listed in Table 1, and may be classified as "hazardous to the aquatic environment" category, substances classification procedure shown in Figure 1. These principles detail The classification categories. 1 long-term hazard to the aquatic environment of substances classification procedure

4.2.5 confirm classification system. the core intrinsic hazard to aquatic organisms manifestations of acute and chronic toxicity of substances in acute hazard And long-term hazard risk level to distinguish between, therefore, for these two properties to determine the different risk categories, they represent a determined grade. Between different trophic levels have mastered toxicity values within and usually whichever is lowest, is used to determine the appropriate hazard category. but Yes, in some cases you may want to use the weight of evidence approach. The key is to determine the nature of short-term

4.2.6 Acute toxicity hazard. transport of large quantities of a substance may be due to accidents or serious overflow lead From short-term hazards. Therefore, the development of the L (E) C50 value for the maximum hazard category 100mg/L of.

4.2.7 For packaging material, the main risk from chronic toxicity, although L (E) C50 is not greater than 1mg/L is also considered acute toxicity It is dangerous. After normal use and disposal, the content of substances in the aquatic environment reaches 1mg/L is considered possible. High toxicity values When this value itself can not explain the cause acute toxicity effects of low concentrations over a longer period and caused major damage. Thus, many danger Risk category is based on the definition of chronic aquatic toxicity levels. However, many substances there is no chronic toxicity data, you should use a known acute toxicity The inherent nature of the lack of data and rapid degradability and/or bioaccumulation potential combination, to confirm whether the substance is classified as a long-term hazard category. Such as If chronic toxicity data available showing NOECs greater than water-soluble or greater than 1mg/L, indicate that no long-term hazard category 1 to category Do not divide 3. Similarly, the L (E) C50 is greater than 100mg/L of substances considered toxic enough, you do not have to be classified.

4.2.8 aquatic toxicity