GB 13094-2017The safety requirements for bus construction (English PDF)

3 Terms and definitions

4 Requirements

Foreword

All technical contents of this standard are mandatory.

This standard was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.

This standard replaces GB 13094-2007 The safety requirements for bus construction, GB 18986-2003 Safety requirements for light bus construction and GB/T 19950-2005 Safety requirements for double-deck bus construction. This standard is a revision based mainly on GB 13094-2007 and integrates the contents of GB 18986-2003 and GB/T 19950-2005.

Compared with GB 13094-2007, apart from editorial changes, the main technical changes of this standard are as follows:

- the scope has been modified, adding Class A and Class B buses, double-deck buses and trolleybuses (see Clause 1; Clause 1 of the 2007 edition);

- the terms and definitions of double-deck bus, trolleybus, sliding door, intercommunication staircase, half staircase, driver-operated service door and service door lighting device have been added (see 3.1 to 3.2, 3.10 to 3.12, 3.21, 3.31);

- the definitions of gangway (see 3.3; 3.1 of the 2007 edition), access passage (see 3.4; 3.2 of the 2007 edition), separate compartment (see 3.7; 3.4 of the 2007 edition), exit (see 3.8; 3.6 of the 2007 edition), emergency exit (see 3.13; 3.7 of the 2007 edition), emergency window (see 3.15; 3.9 of the 2007 edition), escape hatch (see 3.17; 3.11 of the 2007 edition), starting prevention device (see 3.20; 3.14 of the 2007 edition), passenger with reduced mobility (see 3.22; 3.16 of the 2007 edition) and mass in running order (see 3.32; 3.25 of the 2007 edition) have been modified;

- the terms and definitions of kneeling system (see 3.27; 3.21 of the 2007 edition) and portable ramp (see 3.29; 3.24 of the 2007 edition) have been modified;

- the scope for buses belonging to more than one class at the same time has been modified (see 4.1.1; 4.1.1 of the 2007 edition);

- the provisions on the strength of the superstructure have been deleted (4.2 of the 2007 edition);

- provisions on axle loads and passenger usable area have been added (see 4.2);

- the loading method of the rollover stability test has been modified (see 4.3.2; 4.3.2.1 and 4.3.2.2 of the 2007 edition);

- the requirements for the location of fuel tanks and filler openings have been modified (see 4.4.2.1 and 4.4.2.3; 4.4.2.1 and 4.4.2.3 of the 2007 edition);

- requirements for the temperature resistance of wiring and the flame retardancy of corrugated conduits have been added and the load requirements have been detailed (see 4.4.4.1 and 4.4.4.2; 4.4.4.1 of the 2007 edition); the preconditions for fitting a common fuse or common circuit breaker have been modified, and requirements for multi-circuit control and for a manually operated mechanical cut-off switch have been added (see 4.4.4.3; 4.4.4.2 of the 2007 edition); a provision on the connection of the manual circuit-breaker switch to the live wire of the main power supply has been added (see 4.4.4.5);

- the requirements for the battery compartment and battery terminals have been modified (see 4.4.5.2 and 4.4.5.3; 4.4.5.2 and 4.4.5.3 of the 2007 edition);

- a requirement that materials near high-voltage electrical equipment shall withstand high temperatures (see 4.4.6.1) and a requirement for the burning rate of interior materials of the body (see 4.4.6.2; 4.4.7.2 of the 2007 edition) have been added; the requirements for the sound and heat insulation materials used in the engine compartment have been modified (see 4.4.6.3; 4.4.1.1 of the 2007 edition);

- provisions on fire detection and on a temperature alarm system have been added (see 4.4.7.1 to 4.4.7.4); the requirements for the space for fire extinguishers have been modified (see 4.4.7.5; 4.4.6.1 of the 2007 edition);

- a requirement on the number of bus doors (see 4.5.1.1), a provision on the minimum number of service doors in each rigid section of an articulated bus (see 4.5.1.2) and supplementary provisions on the number of exits of double-deck buses (see 4.5.1.11 to 4.5.1.13) have been added;

- the requirements for the minimum number of service doors and exits (see Table 2 and Table 3; Table 2 and Table 1 of the 2007 edition), the requirements for exits from the driver's compartment (see 4.5.1.6 to 4.5.1.9; 4.5.1.11 to 4.5.1.13 of the 2007 edition), the provisions on fitting escape hatches (see 4.5.1.10; 4.5.1.8 of the 2007 edition) and the supplementary provisions on the location of exits (see 4.5.2; 4.5.1.3, 4.5.1.4, 4.5.1.7 and 4.5.1.9 of the 2007 edition) have been modified;

- the minimum dimensions of exits have been modified (see Table 5; Table 4 of the 2007 edition);

- the provisions on the location of the external opening devices of service doors (see 4.5.4.2; 4.5.3.1 of the 2007 edition) and the supplementary provisions on the driver's view of the inside and outside of service doors (see 4.5.4.6; 4.5.3.5 of the 2007 edition) have been modified;

- provisions on the opening angle of service doors in the rear end of Class A and Class B buses, and a provision that the opening of a service door shall not hinder passengers from reaching or using an emergency exit, have been added (see 4.5.4.9 and 4.5.4.10);

- a requirement that, in an emergency, power-operated service doors can be opened from inside and outside the vehicle when the bus is moving at a speed less than or equal to 5 km/h (see 4.5.5.1), and a requirement that the door emergency control may activate the starting prevention device [see 4.5.5.1 e)], have been added;

- the requirements for the location of the emergency controls of service doors [see 4.5.5.1 b); 4.5.4.1 b) of the 2007 edition], the specific requirements for opening doors with the door emergency control [see 4.5.5.1 f); 4.5.4.1 e) of the 2007 edition], the requirements for the alarm mode of the emergency control [see 4.5.5.1 g); 4.5.4.1 f) of the 2007 edition] and the requirements for closing the door after opening it with the emergency control [see 4.5.5.1 h); 4.5.4.1 g) of the 2007 edition] have been modified;

- an anti-pinch requirement for electrically operated service doors of Class B buses has been added [see 4.5.5.7 a)];

- the timing of the action of the starting prevention device (see 4.5.5.9; 4.5.4.8 of the 2007 edition) and the requirements for the warning when the bus starts off with a power-operated service door not fully closed (see 4.5.5.10; 4.5.4.9 of the 2007 edition) have been modified;

- a provision that the opening device of an emergency door shall be protected by a device that is easy to remove or break has been added (see 4.5.7.1);

- the requirements for the location of the internal and external opening devices of emergency doors have been modified (see 4.5.7.3; 4.5.6.3 of the 2007 edition);

- the requirements for the opening of emergency windows (see 4.5.8.1; 4.5.7.1 of the 2007 edition), for the fitting of glass-breaking devices for emergency windows (see 4.5.8.2; 4.5.7.2 of the 2007 edition) and for the height of the lower edge of side windows above the floor (see 4.5.8.5; 4.5.7.5 of the 2007 edition) have been modified;

- requirements for the type of emergency windows of Class A and Class I buses have been added (see 4.5.8.7);

- the requirements for fitting breaking devices for breakable escape hatches have been modified (see 4.5.9.5; 4.5.8.5 of the 2007 edition);

- the requirements for retractable steps projecting beyond the body (see 4.5.10.2; 4.5.9.2 of the 2007 edition), the alarm requirements when a power-operated retractable step is extended (see 4.5.10.4; 4.5.9.5 of the 2007 edition) and the scope in which the corresponding door cannot be closed (see 4.5.10.6; 4.5.9.6 of the 2007 edition) have been modified;

- the provisions on the marking of emergency exits (see 4.5.11.1; 4.5.10.1 of the 2007 edition) and the requirements for indicating emergency controls and operating methods (see 4.5.11.2 and 4.5.11.3; 4.5.10.2 and 4.5.10.3 of the 2007 edition) have been modified;

- provisions on service door lighting devices have been added (see 4.5.12);

- the passability requirements for the access passages of service doors (see 4.6.1.4; 4.6.1.5 of the 2007 edition) and the clear space for the free passage of the service door access passage gauge (see 4.6.1.5; 4.6.1.6 of the 2007 edition) have been modified;

- requirements for barrier-free passages have been added (see 4.6.1.8 and 4.6.1.9);

- provisions for the driver's door used as an emergency exit in Class A and Class B buses have been added (see 4.6.2.4);

- the dimensions of the main gauge for emergency windows have been modified (see 4.6.3.3; 4.6.3.3 of the 2007 edition);

- a diagram for checking the passability of safety roof hatches has been added (see Figure 8);

- provisions on gangway measurement where monitors or display devices are mounted on the ceiling above the gangway have been added (see 4.6.5.1);

- the name, the dimensioning method and the dimensional requirements of the main gangway gauge (see 4.6.5.1, 4.6.5.4, 4.6.5.5 and Table 7; 4.6.5.1 and Table 6 of the 2007 edition), the name and dimensions of the auxiliary gangway gauge (see 4.6.5.2; 4.6.5.2 of the 2007 edition), the provisions on folding seats in the gangway (see 4.6.5.9; 4.6.5.7 of the 2007 edition) and the provisions on the longitudinal slope of the gangway (see 4.6.6.1; 4.6.6.1 of the 2007 edition) have been modified;

- the provisions on service door and interior steps (see 4.6.7.1 and Table 8; 4.6.7.1 and Table 7 of the 2007 edition) and the method of measuring steps (see 4.6.7.3; 4.6.7.3 of the 2007 edition) have been modified;

- provisions on seat cushion width and depth have been added (see 4.6.8.1 and 4.6.8.2);

- the requirements for seat cushion height (see 4.6.8.3; 4.6.8.1 of the 2007 edition), seat spacing (see 4.6.8.4.1; 4.6.8.2.1 and Table 9 of the 2007 edition) and the state of the seats during measurement (see 4.6.8.4.5; 4.6.8.2.4 of the 2007 edition) have been modified;

- the permitted intrusion into the seating space of seats alongside the driver's seat in Class A or Class B buses (see 4.6.8.5.1) and provisions on the seating space of seats located behind other seats or facing the gangway (see 4.6.8.5.2) have been added;

- the minimum number of priority seats and their technical requirements have been modified (see 4.6.8.5.3; 4.6.8.3.2 and A.1.2.1 of the 2007 edition);

- the provisions on the height of the space at wheel arches and at the engine compartment, rear gas cylinder compartment, rear luggage compartment and transmission have been modified (see 4.6.8.6.1 and Table 11; 4.6.8.4.1 of the 2007 edition), and the extent of the space and the permitted intrusion have been detailed (see 4.6.8.6.3 and 4.6.8.6.4; 4.6.8.4.3 and 4.6.8.4.4 of the 2007 edition);

- communication between passengers in the passenger compartment or toilet and the driver has been added (see 4.6.9.1 and 4.6.9.3);

- the hot and cold drink machine has been changed to a hot drink machine (see 4.6.10 and 4.6.10.1; 4.6.10 and 4.6.10.1 of the 2007 edition);

- provisions on intercommunication staircases, driver's compartment protection and the driver's seat have been added (see 4.6.12, 4.6.13 and 4.6.14);

- the provisions on protecting the driver from sunlight, glare and interior lighting have been modified (see 4.6.13.3; 4.7.3 of the 2007 edition);

- provisions on interior lighting control have been added (see 4.7.4);

- the maximum height above the floor of handrails or handholds for standing passengers and the dimensions of the measuring device (see 4.10.2.2 to 4.10.2.4 and Figure 18; 4.10.2.2, 4.10.2.3 and Figure 11 of the 2007 edition), and the provisions on fitting central stanchions or handrails at service doors (see 4.10.3.1; 4.10.3.1 of the 2007 edition) have been modified;

- provisions on handrails and handholds for intercommunication staircases have been added (see 4.10.4);

- the protection requirements for step wells have been modified (see 4.11; 4.11 of the 2007 edition);

- the provisions on the installation position of visual entertainment devices and the requirements for marking the luggage mass have been modified (see 4.14 and 4.15; 4.14 and 4.15 of the 2007 edition);

- additional technical requirements for trolleybuses and requirements for the transitional period of implementation have been added (see 4.17, Annex D and 4.18);

- the additional technical requirements for buses with facilities for wheelchair users have been modified (see Annex A; Annex A of the 2007 edition);

- a requirement that the use of service doors shall not be restricted when the steps of only one service door meet the requirements has been added; the requirements for step height have been modified (see Table A.1; Table A.1 of the 2007 edition);

- the requirements for the orientation of priority seats and for handrails at priority seats have been modified (see A.2.1 and A.2.2; A.1.2.1 and A.1.2.2 of the 2007 edition);

- requirements for the seat cushion height of priority seats, foot space, the vertical distance from the floor to the gangway and the passenger space have been added (see A.2.3 to A.2.5);

- the marking requirements for buses with priority seats have been modified (see A.2.6 and Figure A.1; A.1.4 and Figure A.1 of the 2007 edition);

- the requirements for communication devices at the service doors of buses fitted with ramps or lifts, and the height of the external communication device, have been modified (see A.3.1 and A.3.3; A.1.3.1 and A.1.3.4 of the 2007 edition);

- the requirement that communication devices can be operated with the palm of the hand has been deleted (A.1.3.3 of the 2007 edition);

- the requirements for floor slope have been modified (see A.5; A.1.5 of the 2007 edition);

- requirements for the floor slope of the wheelchair area have been added (see A.6.1);

- test requirements for wheelchairs moving from the door to the wheelchair area, and requirements for the direction in which wheelchairs enter Class I and Class A buses fitted with ramps, have been added (see A.6.4 and A.6.5);

- the marking of wheelchair buses has been modified (see Figure A.4; A.1.4.2 of the 2007 edition);

- the requirements for signs giving priority to wheelchair users have been modified (see A.7.3; A.1.7.3 of the 2007 edition);

- a sign for wheelchair users only has been added (see A.7.4);

- requirements for the orientation of wheelchair users in buses required to be fitted with occupant restraint systems have been added (see A.8.1);

- a rearward force test of the wheelchair restraint system has been added (see A.8.2.6);

- the method of the force test on wheelchair users has been modified (see A.8.2.7; A.2.2.3 of the 2007 edition);

- combined test requirements for forward-facing wheelchairs have been added (see A.8.3);

- the requirements for the fitting of handrails in the wheelchair area and for the testing of support devices have been modified [see A.8.4 and A.8.5; A.1.8.1.1 b) of the 2007 edition];

- dimensional requirements and a diagram for the backrest have been added (see A.8.6 and Figure A.5);

- the requirements for the location of door controls have been modified (see A.9; A.1.9 of the 2007 edition);

- the alarm mode for changes in the position of boarding aids has been modified (see A.10.1.1; A.1.11.1.1 of the 2007 edition);

- the requirements for the switches controlling the operation of the kneeling system have been modified (see A.10.2.1 and A.10.2.2; A.1.11.2.1 and A.1.11.2.2 of the 2007 edition);

- the requirement for interlocking the kneeling system with the service doors has been deleted, and the requirement for interlocking with vehicle speed has been modified (see A.10.2.4; A.1.11.2.4 of the 2007 edition);

- the requirements for the area protected by safety devices have been modified (see A.10.3.2.2; A.1.11.3.2.2 of the 2007 edition);

- the requirement for interlocking the ramp with the service door has been deleted (A.1.11.4.1.1 of the 2007 edition);

- the slope requirements for ramps in use (see A.10.4.1.3; A.1.11.4.1.3 of the 2007 edition) and the marking requirements for the outer edge of ramps (see A.10.4.1.6; A.1.11.4.2.1 of the 2007 edition) have been modified;

- requirements for the stowage position of portable ramps have been added (see A.10.4.1.7);

- the resistance force requirements when safety devices act and the operating requirements for ramps have been modified (see A.10.4.3.3; A.1.11.4.2.5 of the 2007 edition);

- the measurement of the reaction force of wheelchair ramps has been added (see Annex C).

This standard was proposed by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People's Republic of China.

This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee of Auto Standardization (SAC/TC 114).

Main drafting organisations of this standard: China Highway Vehicle & Machinery Co., Ltd.; Zhengzhou Yutong Bus Co., Ltd.

Participating drafting organisations of this standard: SAIC Motor Corporation Limited Commercial Vehicle Technical Center; Beijing Public Transport Holdings (Group) Co., Ltd.; National Automobile Quality Supervision and Inspection Center (Xiangyang); Dandong Huanghai Automobile Co., Ltd.; Brilliance Auto Group Holdings Co., Ltd.; Chengdu Bus Co., Ltd.; Xiamen King Long United Automotive Industry Co., Ltd.; Xiamen Golden Dragon Bus Co., Ltd.; FAW Toyota Technical Development Co., Ltd.; Nanjing Iveco Automobile Co., Ltd.; Research Institute of Highway, Ministry of Transport; National Motor Vehicle Quality Supervision and Inspection Center (Chongqing); National Bus Quality Supervision and Inspection Center; Shanghai Motor Vehicle Inspection Center; Dongfeng Commercial Vehicle Co., Ltd. Dongfeng Commercial Vehicle Technical Center; Yangzhou Yaxing Motor Coach Co., Ltd.; Chongqing Hengtong Bus Co., Ltd.; Henan Shaolin Bus Co., Ltd.; Anhui Ankai Automobile Co., Ltd.; Jiangling Motors Co., Ltd.; BAIC Foton Motor Co., Ltd.; Jinhua Youngman Automobile Manufacturing Co., Ltd.; King Long United Automotive Industry (Suzhou) Co., Ltd.; Guilin Bus Industry Group Co., Ltd.; Zhongtong Bus Holding Co., Ltd.; China FAW Group Corporation Technical Center; Daimler Greater China Investment Co., Ltd.

Main drafters of this standard: Sun Ying, Gao Zhenhua, Zhou Huici, Wang Yansheng, Hu Xuanru, Pei Zhihao, Diao Wei, Wang Zuguo, Li Guilan, Liu Lijuan, Yang Min, Zhan Hongwen, Shi Changxun, Tang Yunxia, Bai Hong, Li Yingjun, Wang Wei, Ruan Tingyong, Cao Fei, Huang Xianguo, Xu Maolin, Chen Qingdi, Zhang Zhiyong, Song Baichao, Zhao Lixiang, Xia Saiqing, Liu Jihong, Li Dongmei, Peng Xin, Liang Kai, Li Chen.

Previous editions of the standards replaced by this standard:

- GB 13094-1991, GB 13094-1997, GB 13094-2007;

- GB 18986-2003;

- GB/T 19950-2005.