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GB 38032-2020Electric buses safety requirements (English PDF)

电动客车安全要求

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Issued by

SAMR; SAC

Level / Type

National · Mandatory

Issue date

May 12, 2020

Implementation date

January 1, 2021

Scope

GB 38032-2020 is the English-translated version of 电动客车安全要求.

GB 38032-2020 is the Chinese national safety standard for electric buses. It applies to M2 and M3 battery electric and hybrid electric buses, but not to fuel cell electric buses.

It sets the general safety requirements, the waterproof and dustproof requirements, the fireproof requirements, and the safety requirements for the rechargeable energy storage system: thermal runaway of the minimum management unit, flame retardance of non-metallic parts, fuses and manual maintenance switches, pressure relief not above 50 kPa, and a thermal event alarm five minutes before thermal diffusion.

Control system, charging and post-crash requirements follow, with the matching test methods, from the 300 mm deep wading pool and the 24 h soaking test to the thermal runaway and crash methods of Annexes A and B. It was issued on 12 May 2020 and has applied since 1 January 2021.

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Document preview — GB 38032-2020

National Standard of the People's Republic of China

ICS: 43.080.20
Classification: T 47

Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation; Standardization Administration of the PRC

Foreword3
Introduction4
1 Scope5
2 Normative references5
3 Terms and definitions6
4 Safety requirements6
4.1 General safety requirements6
4.2 Requirements for waterproof and dustproof performance6
4.3 Requirements for fireproof performance7
4.4 Safety requirements for rechargeable energy storage system8
4.5 Control system safety requirements9
4.6 Charging safety requirements9
4.7 Safety requirements after vehicle crash and rollover10
5 Test methods11
5.1 Waterproof and dustproof11
5.2 Fireproof performance11
5.3 Rechargeable energy storage system safety12
5.4 Functional safety protection12
5.5 Vehicle crash and rollover safety12
6 Implementation date12
Annex A (normative) Thermal runaway test method13
Annex B (normative) Crash test method15
Bibliography17

Foreword

All technical contents of this Standard are mandatory.

This Standard was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.

1 Scope

This Standard specifies the safety requirements and test methods for electric buses.

This Standard applies to M2 and M3 electric buses, including battery electric buses and hybrid electric buses. This Standard does not apply to fuel cell electric buses.

2 Normative references

The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

GB/T 2408-2008 Plastics - Determination of burning characteristics - Horizontal and vertical test

GB/T 4208 Degrees of protection provided by enclosure (IP code)

GB 8624-2012 Classification for burning behavior of building materials and products

GB/T 10295 Thermal insulation - Determination of steady-state thermal resistance and related properties - Heat flow meter apparatus

GB 13094 The safety requirements for bus construction

GB/T 15089 Classification of power-driven vehicles and trailers

GB 17578 Requirements and test methods of strength for the superstructure of bus

GB 18384 Electrically propelled road vehicles - Safety specifications

GB/T 19596 Terminology of electric vehicles

GB 20071-2006 The protection of the occupants in the event of a lateral crash

GB/T 31498-2015 The safety requirement of electric vehicle post crash

3 Terms and definitions

For the purpose of this document, the terms and definitions defined in GB 13094, GB/T 15089, GB/T 19596 and the following apply.

3.1 Minimum management unit of battery system

The minimum unit of battery that the battery management system can monitor.

4 Safety requirements

4.1 General safety requirements

The general safety of electric buses shall meet the requirements of GB 18384.

4.2 Requirements for waterproof and dustproof performance

4.2.1 Vehicle wading requirements

Carry out the vehicle wading test according to the test method specified in 5.1.1.

Within 10 min after the test is completed, the insulation resistance of the vehicle shall be greater than 1 Mohm.

4.2.2 Requirements for degrees of protection provided by Class B voltage components

4.2.3 Vehicle soaking requirements

Carry out the vehicle soaking test according to the test method specified in 5.1.3. Within 2 h after the test is completed, the vehicle shall not be fired or exploded.

4.3 Requirements for fireproof performance

4.4 Safety requirements for rechargeable energy storage system

4.4.1 Thermal runaway requirements for the minimum management unit of battery system

Carry out the thermal runaway test for the minimum management unit of battery system according to the test method specified in 5.3.1. The test object shall not be fired or exploded.

4.4.2 Flame retardant requirements for materials of parts in rechargeable energy storage system

Except for secondary cells, other non-metallic parts in the rechargeable energy storage system are subjected to the flame retardant test of the materials of parts in the rechargeable energy storage system according to the test method specified in 5.3.2, which shall meet the following flame retardant requirements.

4.4.4 Requirements for disconnecting devices

The rechargeable energy storage system shall be equipped with fuses and manual maintenance switches.

4.4.5 Requirements for pressure relief devices

The rechargeable energy storage system shall be equipped with directional pressure relief and pressure balancing devices, and the pressure relief pressure shall not exceed 50 kPa.

4.4.6 Abnormal alarm requirements

The rechargeable energy storage system shall provide a thermal event alarm signal 5 min before thermal diffusion due to thermal runaway of a single battery, which in turn causes a danger in the passenger cabin.

4.5 Control system safety requirements

4.6 Charging safety requirements

4.6.1 Safety requirements for charging interfaces

When the vehicle is equipped with multiple charging interfaces, the charging interface that does not perform charging shall be electrically neutral.

4.7 Safety requirements after vehicle crash and rollover

4.7.1 Safety requirements after vehicle crash

If there is a rechargeable energy storage system of which the lowest point is not more than 1 m above the ground (the vehicle is at no-load state), the crash test shall be carried out according to the test method specified in 5.5.1.

4.7.3 Exemption clauses for vehicle crash and rollover tests

When a vehicle model that requires the assessment of vehicle crash safety requirements meets one of the following two conditions, it is deemed to meet the requirements of 4.7.1.

5 Test methods

5.1 Waterproof and dustproof

5.1.1 Vehicle wading test

The vehicle shall travel 500 m at a speed of 5 km/h ~ 10 km/h in a 300 mm deep pool for 3 min ~ 6 min. If the length of the pool is less than 500 m, the test shall be repeated so that the accumulative wading length is not less than 500 m. The total test time, including when the vehicle is outside the pool, shall be less than 10 min.

5.1.3 Vehicle soaking test

The vehicle is soaked in a 500mm deep water pool for 24 h with Class A and B voltage circuits disconnected.

5.2 Fireproof performance

5.2.1 Flame retardant performance test of Class B voltage components

The horizontal burning and vertical burning shall be tested according to the provisions of GB/T 2408-2008.

5.2.2 Test of flame retardant and thermal insulation performance between rechargeable energy storage system (or installation cabin) and passenger cabin

5.3 Rechargeable energy storage system safety

5.3.1 Thermal runaway test of minimum management unit of battery system

Carry out the thermal runaway test according to the provisions of Annex A.

5.3.2 Flame retardant test of materials of components in rechargeable energy storage system

The horizontal burning and vertical burning shall be tested according to the provisions of GB/T 2408-2008.

5.4 Functional safety protection

The manufacturer provides specific program descriptions according to the functional protection requirements specified in 4.4.3, 4.4.4, 4.4.5, 4.5, and 4.6.

The testing organization tests and verifies on the parts or the actual vehicle according to the descriptions, and carries out the compliance judgment.

5.5 Vehicle crash and rollover safety

6 Implementation date

Models that newly apply for the type approval will be implemented from the date of implementation of this Standard, and models that have obtained the type approval will be implemented from the 13th month of the implementation of this Standard. […]

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This preview omits tables, figures, formulas and parts of the technical clauses. The complete document — 21 pages — is available in the English PDF.

Referenced standards

Normative references

GB/T 10295

Cited by

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