GB/T 29259-2012Road vehicle - Electromagnetic compatibility terminology (English PDF)

3.1 Vehicle electromagnetic environment

The totality of electromagnetic phenomena presenting inside and outside the vehicle.

3.2 Vehicle electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)

The ability of a vehicle and electrical and electronic system/component to function satisfactorily in its electromagnetic environment without affecting other vehicles and electrical and electronic systems/components in that environment.

3.3 Electromagnetic disturbance

Any electromagnetic phenomenon which degrade the performance of a device, equipment or system, or adversely affect living or non-living matter. [GB/T 4365-2003, definition 161-01-05]

3.4 Electromagnetic interference (EMI)

Degradation of the performance of an equipment, transmission channel or system caused by an electromagnetic disturbance. [GB/T 4365-2003, definition 161-01-06]

3.8 Electromagnetic immunity

The electromagnetic phenomenon by which a vehicle and electrical and electronic system/component resists electromagnetic disturbance, to avoid the degradation of the performance.

3.9 Immunity

The ability of a device, equipment or system to perform without degradation on the presence of an electromagnetic disturbance. [GB/T 4365-2003, definition 161-01-20]

3.12 Human ESD model

A model using the capacitance and resistance to characterize the human body as the electrostatic charge source in the vehicle environment.

3.13 ESD simulator

A test device for simulating a human ESD model.

3.14 Conduction

The electromagnetic phenomenon which transfer energy through one or more than one conductors.

3.15 Coupling

The electromagnetic phenomenon by which electrical circuits interact with each other, and the energy is transferred from one circuit to another.

3.17 De-coupling network

A circuit or device that reduces or eliminates the coupling to other circuits.

3.18 Bandwidth

3.20 Electromagnetic emission

The electromagnetic phenomenon by which electromagnetic energy emanates from a source.

3.21 Narrowband emission

An electromagnetic emission which has a bandwidth less than that of a particular measuring apparatus or receiver. If the pulse repetition frequency of the signal is greater than the measuring bandwidth of the instrument, it is also regarded as narrowband emission.

3.22 Broadband emission

An electromagnetic emission which has a bandwidth greater than that of a particular measuring apparatus or receiver. If the pulse repetition frequency of the signal is less than the measuring bandwidth of the instrument, it is also regarded as broadband emission.

3.23 Continuous conducted emissions

Noise voltage/current presents in the power line or other leads.

3.24 Impulsive ignition noise

Electromagnetic emission which is produced within the ignition system of the vehicle, unwanted and mainly of pulse nature.

3.25 Ignition noise suppressor

A device used to limit impulsive ignition noise in a high voltage ignition line.

3.26 Frequency sub-band

A certain part of frequency band specified for the measurement of frequency range, to count and evaluate the data of frequency sweep measurement test.

3.30 Transient

Pertaining to or designating a phenomenon or a quantity which varies between two consecutive steady states during a time interval short compared with the time-scale of interest. Used to describe a single pulse or burst.

3.31 Peak amplitude

The maximum value of the transient amplitude.

3.32 Pulse

A relatively stable transient with specific shape and time characteristics.

3.33 Pulse duration

The duration between which the pulse value rises to 10 % peak value and falls to 10 % peak value.

3.34 Pulse rise time

Time required for the pulse value rises from 10 % peak value to 90 % peak value.

3.35 Pulse fall time

Time required for the pulse value falls from 90 % peak value to 10 % peak value.

3.36 Burst

A transient consists of a complex sequence of voltage changes.

3.37 Burst duration

Time required for a series of complex transient voltages to change in a single burst.

3.38 Time between bursts

The time from the end of a burst to the beginning of the next burst.

3.39 Burst cycle time

The interval between the first pulse start points of two adjacent bursts.

3.44 Forward power

The power provided by RF amplifier or signal generator output.

3.45 Net power

The difference between the forward power and the reflected power.

3.46 Standing wave ratio (SWR)

The ratio of the maximum amplitude to the adjacent minimum amplitude of the specific field component of the standing wave on the transmission line.

3.47 Test pulse

A representative pulse applied to the device under test.

3.48 Test pulse severity

The severity of the test pulse level parameter.

3.49 Screened room

A mesh or sheet metallic housing designed expressly for the purpose of separating electromagnetically the internal and the external environment.

3.50 Absorber lined shielded enclosure

The screened room with the internal top surface and the wall being installed with radio frequency absorbing material. The screened room usually uses metal flooring, but the frequency absorbing material can also be installed on the floor.

3.51 Ground (reference) plane

A metal plane or conductive plane used as the common reference potential of the tested equipment and test equipment.

3.52 Artificial network (AN)

A device inserted in the supply mains lead of apparatus to be tested which provides, in a given frequency range, a specified load impedance for the measurement of disturbance voltages and which may isolate the apparatus form the supply mains in that frequency range.

3.53 Broadband artificial network

An artificial network inserted in the supply mains lead, signal line, control line and support system of apparatus to be tested, which provides a controllable impedance in all frequency ranges of a particular transmission.

3.57 Tracking generator

A test signal (continuous wave) generator of which the frequency is locked at the receiving frequency of the measuring instrument.

3.58 Dual directional coupler

A four-terminal device consisting of two transmission lines coupled together. A single traveling wave in any of the transmission lines induces a single traveling wave in another transmission line, and the propagation direction of the later traveling wave depends on the former.

3.59 Current injection probe

A device for applying a current into the conductor without interrupting the conductor and without significantly changing the circuit impedance.

3.60 Current measuring probe

A device for measuring the current in a conductor without interrupting the conductor and without significantly changing the circuit impedance.

3.61 Coupling clamp

A device, having a certain size and electromagnetic characteristic, couples the transient disturbance common mode to the circuit under test in the case of no electrical connection.

3.62 Transverse electromagnetic mode

The electromagnetic wave propagation mode of which the longitudinal component of electric field and magnetic field strength is zero.

3.63 TEM cell

An enclosed system (often a rectangular coaxial line), in which a wave is propagated in the transverse electromagnetic mode to produce a specified field for testing purposes.

3.66 Antenna matching unit

A device that forms/implements impedance matching in the antenna measurement frequency range with a measuring meter with an impedance of 50 ohm.

3.67 Polarization

The directional characteristic of a sinusoidal electromagnetic wave or field vector determined by an electric field vector or any other specified field vector at a fixed point.

3.68 Compression point

The signal level when the system output value is about to deviate from the theoretical value of the ideal linear system, and the measurement system begins to become the nonlinear system. […]