GB/T 18204.1-2025Examination methods for public places - Part 1: Physical indicators (English PDF)

1 Scope

GB/T 18204.1-2025 is the Chinese national standard on examination methods for public places - part 1: physical indicators, in the field of environment and health protection, safety. The /T suffix marks it as a recommended standard: it is not compulsory by itself, but it becomes binding as soon as a contract, a tender or a customer specification calls it up - which in practice is how most foreign buyers meet it. It was issued on 30 May 2025 by the State Administration for Market Regulation; Standardization Administration of China, and has been in force since 1 December 2025. Classification: ICS 13.060, CCS C51. This page is published from the official record of the standard held by the Chinese standards administration: the identification, the dates, the classification and the issuing body are taken from there. The clause text, the tables and the numeric limits are in the document itself, which is delivered complete in English translation.

This document describes the method for measuring physical indicators in public places. This document is applicable for the determination of physical indicators in public places. Refer to this document for indoor environments such as other places and living rooms.

2 Normative references

The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

GB/T 18049, Ergonomics of the thermal environment -- Analytical determination and interpretation of thermal comfort using calculation of the PMV and PPD indices and local thermal comfort criteria

GB/T 18883, Standards for indoor air quality HJ/T 10.2, Guideline on management of radioactive environmental. Protection electromagnetic radiation monitoring Instruments and Methods

HJ 1212, Measurement methods for determination of radon in environmental air JGJ/T 309, The standard of the measurement and evaluation for efficiency of building ventilation

ISO 7726, Ergonomics of the thermal environment -- Instruments for measuring physical quantities ISO/TS 14415.2005, Ergonomics of the thermal environment -- Application of International Standards to people with special requirements

3 Terms and definitions

There are no terms or definitions that need to be defined in this document.

6 Wind speed (electric anemometer method)

6.1 Principle A thermoelectric anemometer consists of a measuring head and a measuring instrument. The heating coil (wire) of the measuring head is exposed to a certain wind speed, causing changes in the heating current or voltage of the measuring head. As the degree of temperature rise of the measuring head is negatively correlated with the wind speed, the wind speed value can be displayed by an instrument (pointer type) or through a display (digital display type).

6.2 Instruments The minimum detection value of pointer type thermoelectric anemometer or digital display thermoelectric anemometer should not exceed

0.05 m/s.

6.3 Measurement steps The measurement steps are as follows:

a) The layout of measuring points shall be in accordance with the provisions of A.2;

b) Use the pointer type thermoelectric anemometer to adjust the zero and full points of the instrument according to the instruction manual. The use of a digital thermal anemometer requires self-inspection or preheating;

c) Gently pull out the measuring rod and probe. Align the red dot on the measuring head with the direction of incoming wind. Read the wind speed value.

6.4 Expression of results The measurement results of a region are given as the arithmetic mean of the measurements taken at each measuring point within the region.

6.5 Measurement range and measurement deviation Measurement range.

0.1 m/s~10 m/s. Within the range of

0.1 m/s~2 m/s, the relative measurement deviation shall not exceed ±10%. Within the range of 2 m/s~10 m/s, the relative measurement deviation shall not exceed ±15%.

8.5 Expression of results The measurement results of a region are given as the arithmetic mean of the equivalent A-weighted sound levels at each measuring point within the region.

9 Illuminance (illuminometer method)

9.1 Principle An illuminance meter is made using the physical photoelectric phenomenon of photosensitive semiconductor components. When external light enters the photodetector (photoelectric element), the photoelectric element converts light energy into electrical energy. Display the illuminance value of light through a reading unit (ammeter or digital LCD panel).

9.2 Instruments Illuminometer. the lower limit of the measuring range shall not exceed 1lx. The upper limit shall not be less than 5000 lx. The indication error shall not exceed ± 8%.

9.3 Measurement steps The measurement steps are as follows:

a) The layout of measuring points shall be in accordance with the provisions of A.4;

b) Check and adjust the illuminance meter according to the instructions in the user manual;

c) The receiver of the illuminance meter should be clean and dust-free;

d) The illuminance meter receiver should be placed horizontally during measurement;

e) Place the photodetector in the position to be tested. Select the range and read the illuminance value;

f) The position and clothing of the operator should not affect the measurement results.

9.4 Expression of results The average illuminance of an area is given as the arithmetic mean of the measurements taken at each measuring point within that area. B - The width of the indoor floor, in meters (m).

10.1.5 Scope of application Suitable for the detection and evaluation of indoor natural lighting conditions in various public places that utilize diffused outdoor sky light as a source of indoor lighting.

10 Natural lighting coefficient...

11 Atmospheres (empty box pressure gauge method)

11.1 Principle Measure atmospheric pressure based on the compression or expansion characteristics of a metal empty box (close to vacuum inside the box) with changes in air pressure. It consists of three parts. induction, transmission, and indication. Elastic metal empty boxes that are close to vacuum are balanced with elastic sheets. With compression or

12.2 Black sphere thermometer method Use a black sphere thermometer to measure the radiated heat temperature in public places according to the provisions of ISO 7726.The black sphere thermometer method is applicable to heat radiation sources with multiple directions in public places.

13 Hot comfort

13.1 Determination and evaluation of average thermal sensation index (PMV) and expected dissatisfaction rate (PPD) for thermal comfort The determination and evaluation of PMV and PPD in public places shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 18049.

16 Radon concentration in the air

The radon concentration in indoor air of public places shall be tested in accordance with the relevant provisions of GB/T 18883 and HJ 1212.

17 Pool water temperature (thermometer method)

17.1 Principle The change in water temperature can cause a change in the temperature of the glass liquid thermometer bulb, resulting in a change in the volume of liquid inside the bulb, or a change in the electrical signal generated by the thermistor sensor of the digital thermometer. The height of the liquid column inside the glass liquid thermometer indicates the temperature of the pool water, while the digital thermometer directly displays the temperature of the pool water on the monitor.

17.2 Instruments The instruments used in this method are as follows: - Glass liquid thermometer. measurement accuracy ± 1.0°C; - Digital thermometer. measurement accuracy ± 1.0°C.

17.3 Measurement steps The measurement steps are as follows:

a) Immerse the thermometer directly 15 cm~20 cm below the surface of the pool water. Measure after the reading remains constant;

b) If the water temperature cannot be directly measured, it can be done in a water sample bottle. Collect at least 1 L of water into a water sample bottle. Soak the water sample bottle in water for 1~2 min before measurement. Wait until the bottle temperature is the same as the water temperature before conducting the measurement;

c) Follow the specific steps in the instrument manual for operation;

d) During measurement, direct heat sources or sunlight should be avoided.

Annex A

(normative) Requirements for on-site inspection point layout A.1 Overview This appendix specifies the basic requirements for the layout of on-site detection points for physical indicators in public places. A.2 Requirements for the layout of measuring points for air temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed A.2.1 Number of measuring points. arranged according to the functions and usage requirements of different places. - One measuring point shall be set up for guest rooms in hotels, inns, guesthouses and other accommodation places, as well as for indoor areas of less than 50 m2 in amusement halls, dance halls, public bathrooms, swimming pools, beauty salons, beauty salons and other places. Set up 2 measuring points for areas ranging from 50 m2~200 m

2.For areas >200 m2, set 3~5 measuring points. - For business halls/rooms with < 300 seats, such as cinemas, music halls, and video halls (rooms), install 1~2 measuring points. For business halls/rooms with 300~500 seats, set up 2~3 measuring points. For business halls/rooms with a seating capacity of 501~1000, set up 3~4 measuring points. For business halls/rooms with >1000 seats, set up 5 measuring points. - Install one measuring point in exhibition halls, museums, libraries, art galleries, shopping malls (stores), bookstores, waiting rooms (machines, boats) and other places with a business area of < 200 m