GB 2494-2014Bonded abrasive products-Safety requirements (English PDF)

Foreword

The standard Chapter 7 and

6.3.3 are recommended, the rest are mandatory. This standard was drafted in accordance with GB/T 1.1-2009 given rules. This standard replaces GB 2494-2003 "ordinary abrasive safety rules," compared with GB 2494-2003 The main technical changes are as follows:

--- Modify the normative references (see Chapter 2, Chapter 2, 2003 edition);

--- Increased terms and definitions (see Chapter 3);

--- Adds symbols and abbreviations (see Chapter 4);

--- Adds significant risk list (see Chapter 5);

--- Modify the maximum operating speed of grinding tools (see

6.1 and 64, 2003, edition Chapter 3.);

--- Increasing the general requirements (see 6.2);

--- Rotary abrasive increased strength requirements (see 6.3.1);

--- Increased Petiole grinding safety factor (see 6.3.2);

--- Increased lateral load requirements (see 6.3.3);

--- Increasing the abrasive permitted unbalance requirements (see 6.5);

--- Increasing the abrasive marking requirements (see 6.6);

1 Scope

GB 2494-2014 is the Chinese national standard on bonded abrasive products-safety requirements, in the field of manufacturing engineering. It carries no /T suffix, which in the Chinese system means compliance is mandatory: a product or a practice within its scope has to meet it to be lawfully made, sold or carried out in China. It was issued on 27 March 2014 by the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China; Standardization Administration of China, and has been in force since 1 January 2015. Classification: ICS 25.100.70, CCS J43. This page is published from the official record of the standard held by the Chinese standards administration: the identification, the dates, the classification and the issuing body are taken from there. The clause text, the tables and the numeric limits are in the document itself, which is delivered complete in English translation.

This standard specifies the safety requirements for abrasive terms and definitions, symbols and abbreviations, a list of major hazards, safety technical requirements, test methods, inspection rules, inspection and storage, installation and use. This standard applies to abrasive.

2 Normative references

The following documents for the application of this document is essential. For cited documents with dates, only the dated edition applies to this document. For undated references, the latest edition (including any amendments) applies to this document.

GB/T 2484 General requirements for bonded abrasive

GB/T 2485 abrasive technical conditions

GB/T 2492 ordinary abrasive grinding wheel allows the delivery of unbalance measurement Rotation test GB/T 2493 wheel

GB 4674 grinding machine safety regulations

GB/T 16458 Abrasives term

GB/T 17588 Basic terms grinding wheel

JB/T 4175 fiber-reinforced resin bonded abrasive cutting wheel

JB/T 7992 ordinary abrasive appearance, dimensions and geometric tolerances Test Method

JB/T 10450 ordinary abrasive inspection rules

3 Terms and Definitions

GB/T 16458 and GB/T 17588 and defined by the following terms and definitions apply to this document.

4 Symbols and Abbreviations

GB/T 2484 and symbols given in Table 2 and abbreviations apply to this document. Table 2 speed, line speed and safety factor symbol Abbreviated name defined unit nab grinding deflection speed centrifugal force grinding spindle deflection speed r/min nmax maximum speed abrasive work at the highest speed in revolutions per minute r/min vs maximum operating speed of abrasive maximum allowable line speed m/s TABLE 2 (cont.) Abbreviated name defined unit vpr safety testing by the manufacturer of the test speed line speed m/s Fpr safety factor ratio test speed test speed and maximum safe operating speed of. fpr = vpr/vs - fbr rupture velocity coefficient minimum burst speed and maximum operating speed ratio. fbr = vbrmin/vs - vbr rupture velocity abrasive broken line speed at the time of rotating centrifugal force m/s vbrmin minimum burst speed of abrasive should be at least, and without the occurrence of rupture due to centrifugal force line speed m/s Sbr prevent centrifugal force caused by rupture safety factor rupture speed and the maximum operating speed of the square of the ratio. Sbr = (vbr/vs) 2 - Sab Petiole grinding spindle deflection deflection velocity divided by the safety factor maximum speed. Sab = nab/nmax - A wheel anti-lateral impact force impact force N · m FS1 single point of lateral resistance to lateral load wheel single point of impact N FS3 three lateral load wheel anti-lateral three impact N

5 Major risk list

Bonded Abrasives major hazard and cause analysis are shown in Table 3. Table Major Hazard Analysis and Its Causes Schedule 3 abrasive Terms danger dangerous situation of the name of the relevant standard Fragments fly 1. Wheel breakdown. - Poorly designed 6.1,6.2,

6.3 and 6.4 - Manufacturing defects 6.1 - Inappropriate choice 6.6 - Improper handling and storage Chapter 9 - Improper use (installation and grinding) 10.2 2. The abrasive into blocks off Chapter 9 and Chapter 10 vibration Imbalance value is too large. - Manufacturing defects

6.4 and 6.5 - Improper use Chapter 10 - Incorrect installation 10.2

6 Safety requirements

6.1 General When using abrasive should be able to meet the principles of force and load resistance expected, and designed in accordance with the following maximum operating speed range And manufacturing. < 16-16-20-25-32-35-40-45-50-63 (or 60) 1-70 (or 72) -80-100-125, units of m/s.

8 Inspection Rules

8.1 factory inspection The main items of factory inspection and minimum detection percentage amount shall be in accordance with Table 7 and JB/T 10450 of. Table 7 factory inspection rules Abrasives Name Type binding agent size mm Maximum working speed The percent volume of minimum test Security Speed Test Burst speed Test Exterior Detect Unreinforced flat-shaped cutting wheel 41 B, R D < 150 All - - 100% All 150<=D<=406 5% 0.1% 100% D > 406 all 5% - 100% Table 7 (continued) Abrasives Name Type binding agent size mm Maximum working speed The percent volume of minimum test Security Speed Test Burst speed Test Exterior Detect Enhanced flat shape and cymbals Shaped cutting wheel 41,42 BF, RF D < 100 All - - 100% All 100<=D<=406 - 0.1% 100% D > 406 5% 0.1% All 100% Enhanced flat-shaped grinding wheel, reinforced double helical Side wheel, enhanced single-sided concave Enhanced wheel and cymbals shape grinding wheel 1,4,5, 27,28 BF, RF D < 100 All - - 100% All 100<=D<=406 - 0.1% 100% D > 406 5% 0.1% All 100% Heavy Duty wheel 1 BD>=400 <=100 100% - 100% Bonding or clamping cylindrical and disc sand Round, flat shape and a cylindrical bolt Wheel 2,35, 36,37 V, B, R, PL all < 50 - - 100% >=50 10% 0.1% 100% Grinding segments 31 V, B, R all - - - 100% Petiole grinding 52 V, B, R, PL D<=80 <=63 - - 100% Grinding 16,17,18,19 V, B, RD<=80 all - - 100% Cup-shaped grinding wheel and the wheel bowl 6,11 V, B, R, PL D > 125 <=40 5% - 100% > 4010% 0.1% 100% All other abrasive All Percent yield, at least one batch. In the case of security or rupture speed test speed test can be accepted, you can choose one.

8.2 delegate and supervise test Bonded Abrasives safe speed and burst speed test rules in Table 8, the remaining requirements for inspection in accordance with the provisions of JB/T 10450 of. Table 8 delegate and supervise safe speed test speed test and rupture rule Machine type abrasive type sample size safe speed test speed test rupture percentage amount percentage amount Stationary Equipment Grinding wheel (500mm<=D<=1100mm) 10 strip 90.% 10% Grinding wheel (1100mm \u003cD<= 1600mm or T>=400mm) 10 100% a - All other types of 10 80% 20% Mobile equipment grinding and cutting wheel 10 80% 20% Handheld devices and cutting grinding wheel 10 80% 20% a safe speed test at

1.5 times the maximum operating speed will be.

9 Acceptance and storage

9.1 abrasive handling should prevent vibration and impact.

9.2 abrasive when stacked, stacking height should not exceed 1.5m.

9.3 abrasive should be stored to prevent deformation.

9.4 abrasive shall be stored in moisture-proof antifreeze.

9.5 resin, rubber and magnesite bonded abrasives stored for longer than one year, should be re safe speed test, to confirm qualified before use.

9.6 Where the requirements of the operating speed of abrasive shall be marked maximum operating speed.

10 Installation and use

10.1 Using the unit after receiving the abrasive should be carefully tested, to see whether there are cracks and damage, with a wooden hammer percussion should issue clear voice before use should be safe speed test, speed test without the security of non-abrasive installation use.

10.2 abrasive install, operate and use the equipment according to the requirements of the implementation of the provisions of GB 4674.

Appendix A

(Informative) Petiole grinding A.1 maximum allowable rotation speed calculation examples According to 6.3.2, should Sab =

1.3 Shank grinder grinding handle to prevent deflection of the grinding depends largely offset grinding unsupported protruding parts. To ensure that each length of the jig are consistent with the safety factor, the maximum spindle speed should be allowed to function without the support of the projecting part is given. It can be determined by calculation as a non-support function of protruding portion of the maximum speed, and has the following relationship (symbol table A.2). Approximate center of gravity distance Lm and equivalent mass m should be determined as a function of the shape of the grinding, Table A.1. Table A.1 centroid distance Lm and translation quality m Petiole grinding centroid distance Lm and translation quality m Petiole cylindrical grinding Description. 1

--- jig Petiole round cone grinding Description. 1

--- jig Table A.1 (CONTINUED) Petiole grinding centroid distance Lm and translation quality m Petiole spherical grinding Description. 1

--- jig Petiole grinding hemispherical Description. 1

--- jig Shank 60 ° cone grinding head (complete cone) Description. 1

--- jig Petiole elliptical cone grinding Description. 1

--- jig Petiole grinding frustum Description. 1

--- jig Table A.2 Symbol and parameters for further instructions Abbreviation Description Unit L

0 Petiole grinding handle unsupported section mm L1 stalk grinding clamping length mm Elastic modulus E Petiole grinding handle material N/mm

2 Re Petiole grinding handle material yield limit N/mm2 e mass eccentricity mm Petiole grinding handle density rhos g/cm3 rhok grinding Density g/cm

3 Km quality conversion coefficient - Translation quality g msr Petiole grinding handle Quality mk grinding head (excluding the handle) g Mass g ms Petiole grinding handle Petiole grinding shank length mosaic

--- Cylindrical (Ls = 0.5T);

--- Other shapes (Ls = 0.4T) The formula of Km. Km = The formula msr. msr = Km · pi · S · Rhos · (L