GB 24391-2009Low pressure die casting machine - Safety requirements (English PDF)

4.2 Mechanical hazards

4.2.1 low pressure casting machine working process, which may cause moving parts to persons pinching, shearing, collision, winding and dangerous.

4.2.2 low pressure casting machine parts due to the form factor, the acute angle corners may be cut or stabbed on the person causing danger.

4.2.3 low pressure casting machine parts during use due to loose, loose, broken or dropped, broken, thrown dangerous may cause.

4.2.4 low pressure casting machine may have its own motion or control of hazardous components may cause failure of unexpected movement under the influence of gravity.

4.2.5 In the high-altitude operations (repair or maintenance, etc.) may result in the risk of falling. Four weeks low pressure casting machine may cause slipping, tripping Fall hazards. Maintenance personnel to operate or operating narrow space collision may suffer inconvenience pinched and dangerous.

4.3 risk may be caused by the high pressure fluid

4.3.1 Maximum pressure hydraulic and pneumatic systems exceeds the risk of the system rated working pressure components caused.

4.3.2 Blasting dangerous hydraulic accumulator may occur.

4.3.3 accumulator in the absence of complete relief of dangerous demolition or repairs caused.

4.3.4 hydraulic or pneumatic systems may cause leakage and contamination of the ground caused by the ejection dangerous slipping and dangerous.

4.3.5 hydraulic system pressure loss or pressure drop may cause a serious risk of failure mechanism caused.

4.3.6 hydraulic or pneumatic system piping can cause foreign body element (including seal) abnormal operation, resulting in personal injury and failure mechanism Danger.

4.3.7 pneumatic tank overpressure system may cause danger.

4.3.8 occur holding furnace gas under pressure leakage and the risk of burns.

4.4 Electrical Hazards

4.4.1 direct contact with exposed energized parts or insulation failure of live wires or components may cause electric shock, fire, burns, falls And dangerous.

4.4.2 Control component failure hazard caused by incorrect operation.

4.5 Thermal hazards

4.5.1 ladle holding furnace injection to low pressure casting molten metal splashes that might arise during dangerous person burns, burns.

4.5.2 Bonded low pressure casting machine, without interlock (interlock or failure) state is not in place due to the combined type, open type of accident or other negligence may Can cause dangerous liquid metal from the sub-surface ejected.

4.5.3 In casting yet solidified or when there is residual pressure in the holding furnace opening type, molten metal spilled from the parting surface in danger.

4.5.4 When there is residual pressure in the holding furnace plus job liquid metal, compressed air or hot molten metal ejected from the charging port Danger.

4.5.5 In the casting process, the molten metal may be dangerous from the mold surface ejected.

4.6 noise hazard Due but not limited to the following causes of the low-pressure casting machine noise is too large, causing long-term hearing loss after operating personnel work, tinnitus, fatigue Labor, mental depression and auditory interference signals danger.

--- Pneumatic exhaust systems;

--- Motor and pump operation imbalances;

--- Improper piping installation, fixed is not strong;

--- Other mechanical shocks.

4.7 hazardous materials and substances produced

4.7.1 low pressure casting machine used hydraulic oil may cause a fire danger. Die lubricants

4.7.2 low pressure casting machine use may cause a fire danger. Smoke and fog

4.7.3 low pressure casting machine generated during use may pose an aspiration hazard to humans.

4.8 Other hazards

4.8.1 By ignoring the risk of ergonomic principles of ergonomics can cause, such as the operating direction is easy to produce errors, inappropriate lighting, too tight Zhang and fatigue.

4.8.2 loading, during transport, much weight, poor stability, components are not fixed, strong enough spreader tipping accidents and other causes, shift Moving or falling hazard.

4.8.3 low pressure casting machine and control systems against electromagnetic interference performance is poor, so that the machine is not running properly can be dangerous.

4.8.4 two or more than two operators dangerous when operating low-pressure casting machine, since uncoordinated or other accidents caused by the operation.

5.1 Basic requirements

5.1.1 safety design should be consistent with the low-pressure casting machine/T 15706.1, GB/T 15706.2 principles and provisions of GB 5083 GB . Security

5.1.2 low pressure casting machine in addition to meeting the requirements of this standard, it should also comply with the relevant provisions of GB 20905.

5.1.3 low pressure casting machine should be maximized through design eliminates the risk or limit the risks, it has intrinsic safety. If you can not achieve Or can not be fully realized, it should be adopted to provide security guards for personnel protection.

5.1.4 The use of information that can not only be used to eliminate or substantially reduced by design, but security guards its invalid or incomplete Effective residual risks, users were asked to notice and warning. The use of information should not be used to make up the design and manufacturing defects.

5.1.5 should not be left to the user to address (for transformation of the machine) can be eliminated through the dangerous design, nor should the safety protective equipment Manufacture and installation of opposing bear left to the user.

5.1.6 low pressure die casting machine should be designed to fully reflect ergonomic principles, and should be consistent with GB/T 16251, GB/T 14776 and other Off standards.

5.2 Low-pressure casting mold safety requirements danger zone

5.2.1 The major danger zone of low pressure die casting machine is a mold region, various measures should be taken to eliminate the risks.

5.2.2 low pressure casting machine and ferrule-fitting mechanism is hydraulically driven mechanism, and should, after-fitting and ferrule guarantee reliable mold clamping. lock Type limit switch or proximity switch when only play the role of the sender, the hydraulic system pressure has been exerted on the mold until solidification. Operating table should Mounted display apparatus and a mold-fitting ferrule in place.

5.2.3 Any state-fitting should cast interlocked to avoid before pouring Bonded not in place.

5.2.4 Bonded Bonded in place should ensure positional accuracy (such as setting the displacement sensor), avoid pouring liquid metal overflow from the parting And splash.

5.2.5 holding furnace riser tubes with a transition sleeve and mold gate should be reliable sealing, holding furnace only determined in the working position before allowing pouring.

5.2.6 In order to prevent post-open-type movable plate in the closing direction of unexpected movement by gravity, shall be provided to prevent the decline of the protective device to prevent Falling protection device shall meet the following requirements.

a) protection device to prevent the decline should continuously work throughout the down time after the open type, until the operating-fitting program ended;

b) to prevent the decline in protection and control systems should be interlocked to prevent individual control in the event of failure, it will not affect its prevent accidental Bonded function;

c) protection device to prevent the decline should not be between the low-pressure casting machine parts and other unsafe interference;

d) inspection of the protective device to prevent the decline should be convenient, and should be attached to the operating table status indicators;

e) protection device to prevent the decline of co-type program should be interlocked, ie when the wedge is not allowed to return in place-fitting; Bonded when driving wedge The device should be in a state return.

5.2.7 low pressure casting mold areas should be set up protective devices (protective doors, shields, safety bar or optoelectronic protective devices) in order for the vulnerability to danger Personnel to provide security. Setting principles guards are.

a) for the rocker in front of low pressure die casting machine should be provided on both sides of the mold and the danger zone of the machine;

b) high column of four low-pressure casting machine should be set up in the four sides of the machine;

5.3 Pairs of the electrical system requirements

5.3.1 electronic control system shall comply with the relevant provisions of GB 5226.1 and GB 16754.

5.3.2 In order to prevent the control element under high temperature conditions suffered damage, it should provide a suitable electrical cabinet cooling facilities.

5.3.3 exposed cables should fully consider the possibility of burning liquid metal, and should provide guards or use high temperature cables, and should In the instructions for use will be described.

5.3.4 thermocouple temperature compensation wire should be used with shielded cable and shall be described in the instructions for use.

5.3.5 Pressure sensor wire should use the high-temperature cable with shielded cable and shall be described in the instructions for use.

5.4 Pairs of control system requirements

5.4.1 low pressure casting machine control system components related to the safety and security requirements designed to meet the GB/T 16855.1 of the relevant provisions.

5.4.2 Pressure sensor accuracy should be higher than the hydraulic pressure of the control precision an order of magnitude.

5.5 pairs of hydraulic and pneumatic systems requirements Security

5.5.1 hydraulic system should be consistent with GB/T 3766 relating to safety requirements.

5.5.2 Safety pneumatic system should be consistent with GB/T 7932 in requirements for security.

5.6 pairs of dangerous heat protection requirements

5.6.1 delivery of molten metal from the melting furnace to the holding furnace should be designed so that the molten metal may cause harm to transport is minimized.

5.6.2 should be set to instruct the molten metal holding furnace, the lower limit of the pointing device or a lamp.

5.6.3 should be cast together with the type and thrusting mechanism interlock only when the mold is completely closed type and ferrule in place, the system can only be to the pressurized liquid Filled with compressed air casting holding furnace.

5.6.4 When there is residual pressure in the holding furnace, can not open the side feed port.

5.6.5 When there is residual pressure in the holding furnace, the interlock system should function, can not be open-type operation. Security requirements

5.7 pairs of noise

5.7.1 Measures should be taken so that the low-pressure casting machine noise hazard is minimized.

5.7.2 Use exhaust muffler.

5.8 Additional security requirements

5.8.1 Design of low pressure casting machine parts should be made hazards narrow point and moving parts is minimized. Avoid body parts pinched The minimum spacing should meet the requirements of GB 12265.3.

5.8.2 low pressure die casting machine should be designed to take advantage of the safe distance to prevent the installation and layout of human limbs to reach the danger zone, guards should also be Ensure a safe distance. Safety distances to prevent danger zones being reached limbs should be consistent with GB 12265.1 and other relevant standards.

5.8.3 Dangerous parts should be designed to use low-pressure casting machine due to breakage caused by loose or falling, manufacture, use them Guarantee.

5.8.4 In addition to the danger zone of the mold, for other possible collision, pinch, involvement, parts thrown, liquid splash or heat, noise, radiation, etc. Hazardous areas should be provided protection. For only the danger area in case of contact will occur, should be set or protective barrier means Measures.

5.8.5 Since the potential energy or kinetic energy or low-pressure casting machine parts piston movement may accidentally occur on their own, it should set the stop valve or lock Tightening mechanism.

5.8.6 In the case of multiplayer action, should provide security guards for each auxiliary operator. Security guards should be able to meet their operation For the required range of security and safety hold time requirements.

5.8.7 When repairing or replacing the machine, adjust the mold may cause injury related to sports bodies should be provided with a power source (electrical, hydraulic or pneumatic) Single-point cutting device.

5.8.8 low pressure casting machine should be centralized lubrication. If there is no possibility of doing so should ensure lubrication during low pressure die casting machine all parking Carried out under the agency can effectively stop conditions. Automatic lubrication system working conditions (including insufficient pressure and lack of lubrication) should monitor Display, once the system failure, the duty cycle of the machine should automatically stop.

5.8.9 low pressure casting machine oil used should be flame retardant hydraulic medium (water - glycol group), thus minimizing hydraulic medium combustion Dangerous, and it should be strictly specified in the instructions for use. Meanwhile, the hydraulic medium recommended application should be described by the model and performance without It can only be determined by the hydraulic medium producers and designations.

5.8.10 low pressure casting machine mold should be a water-soluble paint, mold when using oil paint, pay attention to fire prevention, and should use to say The book will be described next.

5.8.11 When the low-pressure casting machine configuration automatic spray device, open type and should pick manipulator interlocked only when the mold is fully open and the pickup machine Back to the robot pick back limit position before the mold cavity spray lubricant.

5.8.12 EMC low pressure casting machine should be consistent with the provisions of GB 5226.1-2002 4.4.2.

5.8.13 When asked staff to work within the mold at the time of the danger zone may suffer harm or other areas (such as adjusting, testing, maintenance, Lubrication, etc.), security guards if low pressure casting machine used in normal production can not be maintained for use, then the machine in addition to normal security Occurs (eg for manual locking safety stopper to prevent adjustment of the mold outer protective measures should be provided with additional or additional preventive measures and tools Accident-fitting, etc.) or provide security assurances from the power source control.

5.8.14 low pressure casting machine on the work platform shall comply with GB 20905-2007 in Chapter 11.