GB 18285-2018Limits and measurement methods for emissions from gasoline vehicles under two-speed idle conditions and short driving mode conditions (English PDF)

3.1 Light-duty Vehicle

Light-duty vehicle refers to vehicle of category M1, M2 and N1 with a maximum design total mass not exceeding 3,500 kg.

3.2 Vehicle of Category M1, M2 and N1

In accordance with the stipulations of GB/T 15089.

Category M1 refers to passenger vehicles with no more than nine seats, including the driver’s seat.

Category M2 refers to passenger vehicles with more than nine seats, including the driver’s seat, and with a maximum design total mass not exceeding 5,000 kg.

Category N1 refers to goods vehicles with a maximum design total mass not exceeding 3,500 kg.

3.3 Heavy-duty Vehicle

Heavy-duty vehicle refers to vehicle with a maximum total mass exceeding 3,500 kg.

3.4 In-use Vehicle

In-use vehicle refers to vehicle that has been registered and obtained a license plate.

3.5 Vehicle Emission Inspection

Vehicle emission inspection refers to various emission inspections carried out on vehicles in accordance with laws, regulations and standards, including inspection for new produced vehicle at end of production line, inspection for register vehicle, inspection for in-use vehicle and supervision test, etc.

3.6 Inspection for New Produced Vehicle at End of Production Line

Inspection for new produced vehicle at end of production line refers to the inspection of new produced vehicles before they exit the factory or enter the country. It is also applicable to environmental protection inspection carried out in the sales process.

4.1 The environmental inspection items of the vehicle are shown in Table 1.

4.2 The entry inspection of newly produced and imported vehicles shall be carried out in

accordance with the inspection items specified in Table 1, and shall also comply with the requirements of other standards and regulations.

5.1 Inspection for New Produced Vehicle at End of Production Line

5.1.1 Manufacturers shall ensure that all vehicle pollutant control devices at end of production

line are consistent with the contents of the accompanying list.

5.1.2 Manufacturers shall complete on-board diagnostic (OBD) inspection. The exhaust

pollutant detection shall be subject to sampling inspection of at least 1.0% of the annual output of the model; the minimum size of the sampling inspection is 15 vehicles per year. For models with an annual output of less than 15 vehicles, each vehicle shall receive the inspection. The exhaust pollutant detection may choose any one of the methods in Appendix B, Appendix C and Appendix D (for vehicles, such as. full-time four-wheel drive and timely four-wheel drive that cannot manually switch the two-wheel drive mode, the two-speed idle method may be adopted) for emission detection.

5.1.3 The inspection procedures for new produced vehicle at end of production line are shown

in Figure 1.The inspection information shall be submitted in accordance with the stipulations of Appendix H.

5.1.4 The competent department of ecological environment may carry out all inspection

contents of appearance inspection, OBD inspection and exhaust pollutant inspection on the vehicle at end of production line. The appearance inspection shall focus on checking whether the vehicle pollution device is consistent with the content of the accompanying list.

5.1.5 For imported vehicles, the inspection for new produced vehicle at end of production line

shall be completed before entry, and the inspection information shall be submitted to the competent department of ecological environment.

5.2 The registration inspection items shall comply with the stipulations of Table 1; the

information shall be submitted in accordance with the stipulations of Appendix H. See the inspection procedures in Figure 2.

5.3 The inspection items of in-use vehicles shall comply with the stipulations of Table 1.Before

the inspection, an environmental protection online verification shall be carried out to check whether the vehicle has a record of environmental protection violations. In accordance with the stipulations of Appendix H, submit the information. See the inspection procedures in Figure 3.

6.1 Inspection for New Produced Vehicle at End of Production Line

6.1.1 Check whether the pollution control device of the vehicle is consistent with the content

of the accompanying list of environmental protection information.

6.2 Registration

6.2.1 Check whether the content of the accompanying list of environmental protection

information is consistent with the information disclosure.

6.2.2 Check whether the pollution control device of the vehicle is consistent with the

accompanying list of environmental protection information.

6.3 In-use Vehicle

6.3.1 Check whether the condition of the vehicle under inspection is normal. If there is any

abnormality, the owner shall be requested to repair it.

6.3.2 Check whether the vehicle manifests engine oil burning or serious emission of black

smoke. If so, the owner shall be requested to repair it.

6.3.3 Check whether the connection of the connecting pipes of the evaporative emission control

system is correct and complete. If ageing, fracturing, damage or blockage is found, the owner shall be requested to repair it. This inspection is not required for mono-fuel vehicles.

6.3.4 Check whether the appearance of the engine exhaust pipe, exhaust muffler and exhaust

post-treatment device, and whether the installation and fastening parts are in good condition. If corrosion, air leakage, damage or looseness is found, the owner shall be requested to repair it.

6.3.5 Check whether the vehicle is equipped with an OBD system.

6.3.6 Determine whether the vehicle is suitable for the simple driving mode detection, if not

(such as. full-time four-wheel drive and timely four-wheel drive that cannot manually switch the two-wheel drive mode), it shall be marked. If the simple driving mode detection is conducted, it shall be confirmed whether there is foreign matter on the surface of the vehicle tires.

6.3.7 During the inspection for altered registration and transferred registration, check whether

the pollution control device is in good condition.

7.1 New Produced Vehicle at End of Production Line

7.2 Registration

7.3 In-use Vehicle

7.3.1 For in-use vehicles equipped with the OBD system, after completing the appearance

inspection, the OBD diagnostic instrument shall be connected for OBD inspection. During the subsequent pollutant emission inspection, the OBD diagnostic instrument must not be disconnected.

7.3.2 The OBD inspection items include. fault indicator status, fault indicator status actually

read by the diagnostic instrument, fault code, traveled distance after the MIL light is on and diagnostic readiness value. The specific inspection procedures shall comply with the stipulations of Appendix F.

7.3.3 If the fault indicator fault (including circuit fault), fault indicator activation, communication fault between the vehicle and the OBD diagnostic instrument, and instrument panel fault indicator status of the vehicle are inconsistent with the fault indicator status recorded in ECU, the vehicle shall be determined as disqualified in the OBD inspection. If more than 2 items of diagnostic readiness are not completed, the owner shall be requested to conduct a re-inspection after the vehicle has been fully driven.

7.3.4 The inspection institution shall use the computer data management system to store the

OBD data of all inspected vehicles, and must not tamper with the data.

7.3.5 The OBD diagnostic instrument shall be able to implement real-time automatic

transmission of OBD inspection data. As part of the emission inspection, the information obtained by the OBD shall be automatically saved to the computer system.

7.3.6 For in-use vehicles that require the allocation of an on-board remote emission

management terminal, check whether the communication of the device is normal.

7.3.7 If the pollution control device of the vehicle is removed, and the OBD fault indicator light

does not light up to issue an alarm, the OBD of the vehicle shall be deemed to be disqualified.

8.1 Emission Limits and Measurement Methods

8.1.2 Registration and in-use vehicle

8.2 Result Determination

8.2.1 If any of the pollutants in the detection results does not satisfy the limit requirements, it

shall be determined as disqualified in the vehicle emission inspection.

8.2.2 If the excess air coefficient of the two-speed idle conditions exceeds the control range

required in 8.1.2.2, the vehicle emission inspection result shall also be determined as disqualified.

8.2.3 For light-duty vehicles manufactured after July 1, 2011 and heavy-duty vehicles

manufactured after July 1, 2013, if they are disqualified in the OBD inspection, the emission inspection result shall be determined as disqualified.

8.2.4 After the inspection is completed, a motor vehicle environmental protection inspection

report shall be issued. The report format is shown in Appendix G of this Standard.

8.2.5 During the emission inspection, failure strategies that reduce the efficacy of the emission

control devices are prohibited, and all tampering with the pollution control devices is considered to be disqualified in the emission inspection.

9.1 The OBD inspection (if applicable), exhaust inspection information and excess air

coefficient () inspection information shall be automatically detected, recorded, transmitted, stored and determined in real time through the computer system. The appearance inspection information shall be recorded and stored through the computer system. The results of instrument inspection and verification (including calibration) required in the Standard shall be automatically stored in the computer system for easy inquiry by the competent department of ecological environment. The recorded and stored contents shall at least include those listed in

9.2 The inspection institution shall transmit inspection information in real time to the competent

department of ecological environment.

9.3 The lower-level competent department of ecological environment shall submit the

inspection information to the higher-level competent department of ecological environment in real time or on a regular basis in accordance with the contents specified in Appendix G and

9.4 The storage life of paper files of the inspection reports shall be no less than 6 years; the

storage life of electronic files shall be no less than 10 years.

9.5 During the inspection (including OBD inspection), if it is found that the emission of a certain

vehicle model intensively exceeds the standard, the competent department of ecological environment shall properly keep records and collect evidences; fill in the Environmental Protection Inspection Record Form for Concentrated Excessive Vehicle Models (Appendix G)

and submit it to the competent department of ecological environment of the State Council.

Meanwhile, the recorded information shall be reported to the higher-level competent department of ecological environment, as well as the public security traffic management department and the market supervision department at the same level.

9.6 The inspection information of the automobile manufacturers at end of production line shall

be automatically detected, recorded, transmitted and stored in real time through the computer system, and shall be submitted online to the competent department of ecological environment of the State Council.

9.7 The inspection information of imported vehicles at end of production line shall be submitted

to the competent department of ecological environment of the State Council before entry.

10.1 Since the date of implementation of this Standard, the emission inspection of in-use

vehicles (including regular emission inspection and supervisory sampling inspection) shall comply with the requirements of this Standard.

10.2 The supervisory sampling inspection of in-use vehicles by the competent department of

ecological environment at or above the county level may be carried out in centralized parking areas and maintenance areas of the motor vehicles, and on actual roads. The content of the sampling inspection may include exhaust detection and OBD inspection, and inspection of pollution control devices and accompanying lists, etc.

When the two-speed idle conditions are used for the supervisory sampling inspection of the vehicle, 1.1 times of the limit specified in this Standard may be adopted for determination.

10.3 The registration inspection shall include appearance inspection, OBD inspection and

exhaust detection. Vehicles that comply with the inspection exemption shall comply with the relevant regulations on inspection exemption. The environmental protection inspection for vehicles with altered registration or transferred registration shall be conducted in accordance with the regulations of the local government, but at least the inspection of pollution control devices and the OBD inspection (if applicable) shall be conducted.

10.4 For vehicles that are equipped with the on-board remote emission management terminal

and submit the emission-related data to the competent department of ecological environment in real time as required, the provincial competent department of ecological environment may exempt them from the environmental protection online inspection in accordance with the submitted data.

11.1 This Standard shall be implemented since May 1, 2019.The periodic environmental

protection inspection of vehicles carried out nationwide shall adopt the simple driving mode conditions specified in this Standard. For vehicles that cannot use the simple driving mode conditions, the two-speed idle conditions specified in this Standard may be adopted.

11.1.1 The inspection of newly produced vehicle at end of production line shall be implemented

since November 1, 2019.

11.1.2 The registration inspection and OBD inspection of in-use vehicles shall merely be

conducted and reported since May 1, 2019, and be implemented since November 1, 2019.

11.1.3 The specific time for the nationwide implementation of Limit b specified in this Standard

will be announced by the competent department of ecological environment of the State Council.

11.2 Since the date of implementation of this Standard, the existing relevant local standards on

emission inspection shall be abolished.

11.3 The implementation of this Standard shall be supervised by the competent department of

ecological environment of the State Council.