GB/T 14951-2023Measurement method of fuel saving technology for automobiles (English PDF)

Foreword

This document was issued on 23 May 2023 by the State Administration for Market Regulation; Standardization Administration of the PRC and takes effect on 23 May 2023.

It is a GB/T standard: recommended rather than compulsory, but it is the text a Chinese reviewer applies when assessing a submission.

1 Scope

GB/T 14951-2023 covers how a claimed fuel saving on vehicles already in service is measured and judged — the evaluation indexes, the test items and test methods used to obtain them, and the calculation that turns the measurements into an index. The terms and abbreviations clauses tie the vocabulary to the vehicle classification and emission documents already in force. Four normative appendices carry the harder procedures: the pollutants emitted by an engine under full-load steady speed, the running of a vehicle fleet in actual operation rather than on a bench, the compatibility of a fuel-saving additive with the fuel itself, and the stability of an additive meant to save engine lubricating oil. Fuel-saving devices and additives are sold on claims a driver cannot check, and a difference of a few percent sits well inside the scatter of ordinary driving, so without a fixed comparison procedure almost any product can be shown to work. The compatibility and stability appendices exist for the other half of the problem: a product that lowers consumption while attacking the fuel system or thinning the oil costs more than it saves. Written for fleet operators, test laboratories, and suppliers of fuel-saving products.

This document describes the evaluation index, test items and test methods of the fuel saving

technology of vehicles in use, as well as the calculation of the evaluation index.

This document is applicable to the evaluation of the application effect of fuel saving products

and technology of vehicles in use.

2 Normative References

The contents of the following documents constitute indispensable clauses of this document

through the normative references in the text. In terms of references with a specified date, only

versions with a specified date are applicable to this document. In terms of references without a

specified date, the latest version (including all the modifications) is applicable to this document.

GB/T 260 Test Method for Water in Petroleum Products - Distillation Method

GB/T 265 Petroleum Products - Determination of Kinematic Viscosity and Calculation of

Dynamic Viscosity

GB/T 511 Petroleum, Petroleum Products and Additives - Method for Determination of

Mechanical Admixtures

GB/T 3142 Standard Test Method for Determination of Load-carrying Capacity of Lubricants

- Four-ball Method

GB/T 3535 Petroleum Products - Determination of Pour Point

GB/T 3536 Petroleum Products - Determination of Flash and Fire Points - Cleveland Open Cup

Method

GB/T 3730.1 Terms and Definitions of Motor Vehicles, Trailers and Combination Vehicle - Part

1: Types

GB 3847-2018 Limits and Measurement Methods for Emissions from Diesel Vehicles under

Free Acceleration and Lugdown Cycle

GB/T 5096 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petroleum Products by Copper Strip

Test

GB/T 5181 Automotive Emission - Terms and Definitions

GB/T 6538 Determination of Apparent Viscosity of Engine Oils - Using the Cold-cranking

Simulator

GB/T 12543 Motor Vehicles - Acceleration Performance - Test Method

GB/T 12545.1-2008 Measurement Methods of Fuel Consumption for Automobiles - Part 1:

Measurement Methods of Fuel Consumption for Passenger Cars

GB 18285-2018 Limits and Measurement Methods for Emissions from Gasoline Vehicles under

Two-speed Idle Conditions and Short Driving Mode Conditions

GB/T 18297-2001 Performance Test Code for Road Vehicle Engines

GB 18352.6-2016 Limits and Measurement Methods for Emissions from Light-duty Vehicles

(CHINA 6)

GB/T 19233 Measurement Methods of Fuel Consumption for Light-duty Vehicles

JT/T 711-2016 Limits and Measurement Methods of Fuel Consumption for Commercial

Vehicle for Passenger Transportation

JT/T 719-2016 Limits and Measurement Methods of Fuel Consumption for Commercial

Vehicle for Cargos Transportation

JT/T 1045 Technical Specifications of Vehicle Management for Road Transportation

Enterprises

3 Terms and Definitions

What is defined in GB/T 3730.1, GB/T 5181, JT/T 711 and JT/T 719, and the following terms

and definitions are applicable to this document.

3.1 fuel saving technologies for automobile

Fuel saving technologies for automobile are technologies that reduce the fuel consumption of

automobile without causing any adverse effects on other operational performances of the

automobile.

4 Abbreviations

The following abbreviations are applicable to this document.

CO: carbon monoxide

HC: hydrocarbons

conditions;

2) Emitted pollutant comparison test of diesel engines under full load and steady

speed.

6.1.2 Road test of vehicle performance

The test items of the road test of vehicle performance include:

a) Comprehensive fuel consumption comparison test of vehicles running at constant

speed;

b) Comparison test of vehicle full-throttle overrun acceleration performance;

c) Vehicle emitted pollutant comparison test, which is divided into:

1) Emitted pollutant comparison test of gasoline vehicles under two-speed idle

conditions;

2) Emitted pollutant comparison test of diesel vehicles under free acceleration.

6.1.3 Chassis dynamometer test of vehicle performance

The test items of the chassis dynamometer test of vehicle performance include:

a) Fuel consumption comparison test of vehicles operating under multiple operating

conditions;

b) Emitted pollutant comparison test of vehicles operating under multiple operating

conditions.

6.1.4 Actual operation test of vehicle fleet

The test items of the actual operation test of vehicle fleet include:

a) Actual operation fuel consumption comparison test of vehicle fleet;

b) Subjective evaluation comparison test of vehicle dynamic performance.

6.1.5 Physical and chemical performance test of fuel-saving additives

The test items of the physical and chemical performance test of fuel-saving additives include:

a) Physical and chemical performance test of fuel-saving additives;

b) Physical and chemical performance test of lubricating oil-saving additives.

6.2 Test Methods and Test Data Processing

6.2.1 Basic requirements

6.2.1.1 The fuel and lubricating oil used in the test shall be commercially available products of

the designations specified by the vehicle or engine manufacturer.

6.2.1.2 Before the test, the test vehicle or engine shall be inspected and maintained, so as to

confirm that there is no fault or abnormal operation. During the test, no technical adjustments

shall be made to the test vehicle or engine that are not related to the use of fuel-saving products

or technology.

6.2.1.3 During the test, if the test vehicle or engine fails, the comparison test shall be re-started

after the vehicle or engine failure is repaired.

6.2.1.4 For fuel-saving additives, lubricating oil-saving additives and fuel-saving products,

before use, they shall be subject to the physical and chemical performance test in accordance

with the stipulations of 6.2.6, so as to confirm that they have no adverse effects on the operation

of the vehicle or engine.

6.2.2 Bench test of engine performance

6.2.2.1 Test conditions

6.2.2.1.1 The comparison test of using and not using fuel-saving products or technology shall

be carried out with the same engine, and all tests of not using fuel-saving products or technology

shall be completed before conducting the tests of using fuel-saving products or technology.

6.2.2.1.2 The accessories attached to the engine shall comply with the requirements for the

accessories attached to the engine during the total power test specified in Table 4 of GB/T

18297-2001.

6.2.2.1.3 The instrument precision and measuring positions, and the control of general

conditions of the engine bench shall respectively comply with the stipulations of Chapter 4 and

Chapter 6 in GB/T 18297-2001.

6.2.2.1.4 Before the test, check the operation of the test engine. The transition of operation shall

be smooth, the total power shall be greater than 95% of the engine’s rated power, and the

minimum fuel consumption rate under full load shall be not greater than 105% of the engine’s

nominal value.

6.2.2.2 Total engine power and torque comparison test

6.2.2.2.1 The total engine power and torque comparison test shall be carried out in accordance

with the power test method specified in 8.3 of GB/T 18297-2001.

6.2.2.2.2 The total engine power shall be corrected in accordance with the formula in Table 3 f)

of GB/T 18297-2001.

6.2.2.2.3 The engine torque shall be corrected in accordance with the formula in Table 3 e) of

GB/T 18297-2001.

6.2.3.4.1 For gasoline vehicles, in accordance with the stipulations of Appendix A in GB 18285-

2018, measure the emitted pollutant under two-speed idle conditions.

6.2.3.4.2 For diesel vehicles, in accordance with the stipulations of Appendix A in GB 3847-

2018, measure the emitted pollutant under free acceleration.

6.2.3.5 Pre-driving

After using fuel-saving products or technology, if the test vehicle needs pre-driving, then, the

pre-driving shall be respectively completed before and after using the fuel-saving products or

technology before carrying out the vehicle performance road comparison test. It is

recommended to carry out pre-driving in accordance with the cycle specified in Table 3. During

the pre-driving and after the pre-driving is completed, the technical condition of the test vehicle

shall be normal.

6.2.3.6 Lubricating oil aging treatment

For the lubricating oil-saving products or technology for automobiles, the test vehicle shall

respectively use the reference lubricating oil and the sample lubricating oil, and carry out no

less than 5 cycles of pre-running in accordance with the cycle specified in Table 3. After the

lubricating oil aging treatment is completed, carry out the vehicle performance road comparison

test.

6.2.4 Chassis dynamometer test of vehicle performance

6.2.4.1 Test conditions

6.2.4.1.1.1 The test vehicle and test sequence shall comply with the stipulations of 6.2.3.1.1.

6.2.4.1.1.2 Vehicle preparation, chassis dynamometer settings, environmental conditions, test

fuel, test procedures and test vehicle speed deviation shall comply with the stipulations of