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GB/T 45929-2025Electric earth-moving machinery — Safety requirements (English PDF)

电动土方机械安全要求

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Issued by

SAMR; SAC

Level / Type

National · Recommended

Issue date

June 30, 2025

Implementation date

January 1, 2026

Scope

GB/T 45929-2025 is the English-translated version of 电动土方机械安全要求.

GB/T 45929-2025 is the Chinese national standard covering what makes a battery-powered dozer or loader safe to work on and around — the protection against indirect contact with live parts, the ingress protection against dust and water, the fire resistance of the insulating materials used at high voltage, the charging, battery swapping and external power supply, the electromagnetic compatibility, and the event data recording that says what the machine was doing when something went wrong.

It applies to machines at Class B working voltage or above, and not to fuel cell machines. First edition, under the China Machinery Industry Federation. In force from 1 January 2026. Issued on 30 June 2025, it has been in force since 1 January 2026.

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Document preview — GB/T 45929-2025

National Standard of the People's Republic of China

ICS: 53.100
Classification: P 97

Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation; Standardization Administration of the PRC

1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Safety requirements
5 Test methods

Foreword

This document is in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 1.1-2020 "Guidelines for standardization work Part 1: Structure and drafting rules for standardization documents" Drafting.

Please note that some of the contents of this document may involve patents. The issuing organization of this document does not assume the responsibility for identifying patents.

This document was proposed by the China Machinery Industry Federation.

This document is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Earthmoving Machinery (SAC/TC334).

This document was drafted by: Guangxi Liugong Machinery Co., Ltd., Jiangsu Xugong Engineering Machinery Research Institute Co., Ltd., Shaanxi Tongli Heavy Industry New Energy Intelligent Technology Co., Ltd., Longgong (Shanghai) Machinery Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Zoomlion Earthmoving Machinery Co., Ltd., Boreton (Shandong) New Energy Vehicle Co., Ltd., Shantui Construction Machinery Co., Ltd., Fujian Hongda Times New Energy Technology Co., Ltd., and Lovol Heavy Industry Group Co., Ltd., Shandong Lingong Engineering Machinery Co., Ltd., Shanghai Qiyuanxin Power Technology Co., Ltd., Inner Mongolia Northern Heavy Duty Truck Co., Ltd.

Company, Xuzhou Meichi Axle Co., Ltd., Xiamen XGMA Machinery Co., Ltd., Shandong Kenshi Heavy Industry Machinery Co., Ltd., Hebei Youlu Fluid Technology Co., Ltd., Zhejiang Futuo Energy Technology Co., Ltd., Xuzhou XCMG New Energy Power Technology Co., Ltd., China Machinery Science and Technology (Beijing) Vehicle Inspection Measurement Engineering Research Institute Co., Ltd., Jiangsu Guomao Reducer Co., Ltd., Komatsu (China) Investment Co., Ltd., Shanhe Intelligent Equipment Co., Ltd.

Co., Ltd., Sichuan-Tibet Railway Technology Innovation Center Co., Ltd., SINOMACH Changlin Co., Ltd., Hubei Huazhong Electric Power Technology Development Co., Ltd.

Liability Company, Sichuan-Tibet Railway Co., Ltd., Tianjin Engineering Machinery Research Institute Co., Ltd.

The main drafters of this document are: Deng Haiwen, Song Tianjia, Xue Xiaoqiang, Wang Yongxing, Yuan Ye, Chen Zisheng, Wang Zhangling, Mu Junjie, Tu Xiaodan, Wang Baoqiang, Luo Haoliang, Li Laiping, Liu Haijun, Li Zongfeng, Liu Xiangkun, Li Zengyi, Zhao Qiang, Wang Sai, Jia Jiaqi, Hao Ming, Chen Huiming, Fan Zhengrong, Li Bingtian, Zhang Yajun, Yu Mingjun, Ma Yuan, Chen Shuqiao, Tang Bin, Yao Teng, Chen Baoqing, and Zhang Qiang.

1 Scope

This document specifies the safety requirements for electric earth-moving machinery and describes the corresponding test methods.

This document is applicable to the manufacturing and inspection of electric earth-moving machinery with the maximum working voltage of the on-board drive system being class B or above.

This document is not applicable to fuel cell electric earth-moving machinery or electric earth-moving machinery operating in explosive atmospheres.

2 Normative references

The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

GB/T 2406.2 Plastics - Determination of burning behaviour by oxygen index - Part 2: Ambient-temperature test

GB/T 2408 Plastics - Determination of burning characteristics - Horizontal and vertical test

GB/T 4094.2 Electric vehicles - Symbols for controls, indicators and tell-tales

GB/T 4208-2017 Degrees of protection provided by enclosure (IP code)

GB/T 8498 Earth-moving machinery - Basic types - Identification and vocabulary

GB/T 8593.1 Earth-moving machinery - Symbols for operator controls and other displays - Part 1: Common symbols

GB/T 8593.2 Earth-moving machinery - Symbols for operator controls and other displays - Part 2: Symbols for specific machines, equipment and accessories

GB 8624 Classification for burning behavior of building materials and products

GB 18384 Electric vehicles safety requirements

GB/T 19836 Instrumentation for electric vehicles

GB/T 20234.1 Connection set for conductive charging of electric vehicles - Part 1: General requirements

GB/T 20234.2 Connection set for conductive charging of electric vehicles - Part 2: AC charging coupler

GB/T 20234.3 Connection set for conductive charging of electric vehicles - Part 3: DC charging coupler

GB/T 20234.4 Connection set of conductive charging for electric vehicles - Part 4: High power DC charging coupler

GB/T 22356 Earth-moving machinery - Key-locked starting systems

GB/T 22359.1 Earth-moving and building construction machinery - Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) of machines with internal electrical power supply - Part 1: General EMC requirements under typical electromagnetic environmental conditions

GB/T 25617 Earth-moving machinery - Visual display of machine operation

3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 8498 and GB/T 44254 as well as the following apply.

3.1 external power supply equipment

external electrical energy storage device or power supply unit installed or placed externally to electric earth-moving machinery, which provides electrical energy to the machinery via cable-connected conductive components

Note: It is usually used for external power electric earth-moving machinery.

3.2 on board high voltage component

on board electrical components or parts with a maximum working voltage of Class B or above

3.3 on-board battery swap system

system composed of components related to the battery swap operation or function on the machine body

Note: It includes the swapping traction battery assembly, the battery swap connector, the battery swap mechanism and the parts connected with the machine body, as well as auxiliary electrical devices with functions such as position monitoring and alerts.

3.4 class B electric circuits

electrical components or circuits with a maximum working voltage greater than 30V (a.c.) (rms) and less than or equal to 1,000V (a.c.) (rms), or greater than 60V (d.c.) and less than or equal to 1,500V (d.c.)

[Source: GB/T 44254-2024, 3.4.1.2]

3.5 above class B electric circuits

electrical components or circuits with a maximum working voltage greater than 1,000V (a.c.) (rms) and less than or equal to 36,000V (a.c.) (rms), or greater than 1,500V (d.c.) and less than or equal to 36,000V (d.c.)

Note: For multi-class voltage electric circuits in conductive connection, if one electrode of the DC live component in the electric circuit is connected to the electric chassis, and the maximum voltage of any other live part relative to this electrode is not greater than 30V (a.c.)(rms) and 60V (d.c.), this conductive connected electric circuit does not completely belong to a class B electric circuit or an above class B electric circuit. Only the part operating at class B electric circuit is considered as a class B electric circuit, while the part operating at above class B electric circuit is considered as an above class B electric circuit.

4.1 General safety requirements

The general safety of electric earth-moving machinery shall comply with the requirements of GB/T 25684 (all parts).

4.2 Indirect contact protection requirements

4.2.1 Insulation resistance requirements

At the maximum working voltage, the insulation resistance of a class B DC electric circuit shall not be less than 100Omega/V, and that of an AC circuit shall not be less than 500Omega/V. If the DC and AC circuits are conductively connected, the insulation resistance of the class B electric circuit shall not be less than 500Omega/V, and that of the above class B electric circuit shall not be less than 1MOmega.

4.2.2 Insulation resistance monitoring requirements

The electric earth-moving machinery shall be equipped with an insulation resistance monitoring function. When the power supply of the machine's power drive system is turned on, the monitoring device can continuously or intermittently detect the insulation resistance value of the machine. When the insulation resistance value is less than the threshold specified by the manufacturer, an obvious (e.g., acoustic or optical) signaling device shall be used to alert the operator, and the threshold specified by the manufacturer shall not be less than the requirements of 4.2.1.

4.3 Dust and water resistance requirements

4.3.1 Degree of protection of on board high voltage components

The degree-of-protection test for on board high voltage components shall be conducted in accordance with the test method specified in 5.2.1. The insulation resistance of the on board high voltage components shall meet the requirements of 4.2.1. The degree of protection of on board high voltage components shall not be lower than IP54. For on board high voltage components installed on the top of electric earth-moving machinery without any additional protective devices (excluding power receiving devices, bare overhead lines, etc.), the degree of protection shall not be lower than IP66. The degree of protection of the following on board high voltage components shall not be lower than IP67:

Contents of GB/T 45929-2025 Contents Foreword I Introduction II

5 Test methods

Annex A (Informative) Flame retardant performance of insulating materials used in on board high voltage components

Referred in GB/T 45929-2025:

GB/T 2406.2-2009 Plastics - Determination of burning behaviour by oxygen index - Part 2: Ambient-temperature test *

GB/T 2408-2021 Plastics—Determination of burning characteristics—Horizontal and vertical test *

GB/T 4094.2-2017 Electric vehicles-Symbols for controls, indicators and tell-tales *

GB/T 4208-2017/XG1-2024 Degrees of protection provided by enclosure(IP code), includes Amendment 1 *

GB/T 8498-2025 Earth-moving machinery—Basic types—Identification and vocabulary *

GB/T 8593.1-2021 Earth-moving machinery-Symbols for operator controls and other displays-Part 1:Common symbols *

GB/T 8593.2-2021 Earth-moving machinery—Symbols for operator controls and other displays—Part 2:Symbols for specific machines,equipment and accessories *

GB 8624-2012 Classification for burning behavior of building materials and products *

GB 18384-202X Electric vehicles safety requirements (Exposure Draft, replaces GB 18384-2020) *

GB/T 19836-2019/XG1-2022 Instrumentation for electric vehicles,includes Amendment 1 *

GB/T 20234.1-2023 Connection set for conductive charging of electric vehicles—Part 1:General requirements *

GB/T 20234.2-2015 Connection set for conductive charging of electric vehicles-Part 2:AC charging coupler *

GB/T 20234.3-2023 Connection set for conductive charging of electric vehicles—Part 3:DC charging coupler *

GB/T 20234.4-2023 Connection set of conductive charging for electric vehicles—Part 4: High power DC charging coupler *

GB/T 22356-2008 Earth-moving machinery - Key-locked starting systems *

GB/T 22359.1-2022 Earth-moving and building construction machinery—Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) of machines with internal electrical power supply—Part 1:General EMC requirements under typical electromagnetic environmental conditions *

5 Test methods

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This preview omits tables, figures, formulas and parts of the technical clauses. The complete document — 15 pages — is available in the English PDF.

Referenced standards

Normative references

GB/T 25684 · GB/T 38943

Cited by

GB/T 45930-2025Snow resort machinery - Snow grooming equipment - Technical requirements

Editions of GB/T 45929

Edition	Title	Revision	Status
GB/T 45929-2025	Electric earth - moving machinery - Safety requirements	current edition	Current

This page sells the current edition, GB/T 45929-2025. Earlier editions are listed for reference only.

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