GB/T 39929-2021Footwear manufacturing machines—Shoe and leather presses—Safety requirements (English PDF)

4.2.1.4 Priority protection devices

In order to avoid entering the dangerous area from the back and side of the machine, the frame type compression molding machine and the fully automatic compression molding machine should be used in priority. Protect one of the following protective devices.

---Fixed enclosed protective device in accordance with GB/T 8196-2018 and E.4;

---Fixed protective cover conforming to E.1 and E.4;

---Interlocking protection device in accordance with GB/T 18831-2017.

4.2.1.5 Exemption from safety protection

In the following situations, 4.2.1.3.1 and 4.2.1.3.2 are not applicable, and safety protection is not required.

---If the maximum force of the moving parts is limited to 150N and the contact pressure is limited to 50N/cm²;

---According to the provisions of Table 4 in GB/T 23821-2009, the feed gap between the moving surfaces in the operating area does not exceed 8.0mm, And the distance from any gap to the nearest dangerous point is greater than 20mm.

4.2.1.6 Operator standing area

4.2.1.6.1 In order to prevent slipping, tripping and falling, the surface of the area where the operator stands for frequent manual operations should be treated with anti-skid treatment and should be Avoid steps and protrusions.

4.2.1.6.2 The foot controllers that trigger dangerous actions and are not firmly connected to the machine, as well as the foot controllers in the working position, should be mentioned.

A protective cover for the foot controller is provided to prevent accidental operation.

4.2.2 Additional safety devices

4.2.2.1 Emergency stop device

4.2.2.1.1 The emergency stop device should meet the requirements of GB/T 16754-2008, and any form of emergency stop device should have GB/T 5226.1- Features required by 9.2.3.4.2 in 2019.

4.2.2.1.2 For the compression type machine with time control and hold function, the emergency stop device should be designed such that when it is triggered, the controlled parts return immediately starting point.

4.2.2.1.3 The control brake of the emergency stop device of the compression molding machine that needs to use both hands to support the workpiece in a dangerous state should be designed and It is installed so that it can be triggered without hands.

4.2.2.2 Mode selection device

4.2.2.2.1 Machines that have several operating modes or can be operated by multiple safety devices in different modes shall be equipped with The mode selection device required by 6.2.11.9 and 6.2.11.10 in GB/T 15706-2012. Each state should use a lock or access code, etc. Type to lock.

4.2.2.2.2 Operation modes include automatic control operation, manual control operation, tool replacement and adjustment, etc.

4.2.2.2.3 The mode selection action itself should not start the machine. The starting of the machine should be independently controlled by the operator.

4.2.3 Electrical equipment

4.2.3.1 The basic requirements for electrical systems and equipment are as follows.

---AC power supply should comply with the provisions of 4.3.2 in GB/T 5226.1-2019; DC power supply should comply with GB/T 5226.1-2019 The provisions of 4.3.3;

--- All circuits or components should be protected in accordance with the provisions of 6.2 of GB/T 5226.1-2019;

---Stop operation should meet the requirements of 9.2.3.3 and 9.2.3.4 in GB/T 5226.1-2019, and the stop function and emergency disconnection are Class 0;

---Failure control shall comply with the provisions of 9.4.1 and 9.4.2 in GB/T 5226.1-2019, and shall be protected in accordance with 9.4.3;

---The enclosure protection level should be in accordance with the provisions of 11.3 in GB/T 5226.1-2019, at least IP54.

The safety-related components of the control system shall also meet the requirements of 4.2.9.7 and 4.2.9.8.

4.2.3.2 All operation control devices that need to be regularly adjusted for changing program settings should be installed outside the electric control cabinet.

Note: The controller needs to adjust the program frequently, including changes in feed, speed, time, temperature or pressure.

4.2.4 Thermal protection

For those hot surfaces that are not directly needed during the working process within the accessible range, safety devices should be avoided or installed to avoid accidental connection. touch. The surface temperature should not exceed the burn threshold of relevant materials given in GB/T 18153-2000 and the contact time should be less than 1s.

Refer to Appendix L for a list of selectable burn thresholds based on GB/T 18153-2000.

4.2.5 Noise control at the design stage

Technical means and related information to control noise from the source, such as machine parts, tools, pneumatic, hydraulic and exhaust equipment, etc., should be in the machine design To be considered in the calculation process, see GB/T 25078.1. The possible ways to reduce noise during the design process are as follows.

a) Reduce vibration through static and dynamic balance of rotating parts;

b) Reduce the vibration of the machine itself by reducing the mass of moving parts and reducing their acceleration;

c) Reduce the effect of clearance by increasing the preload of the rolling bearing;

d) Select and design appropriate energy conversion components to eliminate jitter;

e) Select and design appropriate transmission components (such as gears, pulleys, belts, bearings, etc.);

f) Consider increasing the damping vibration and avoid structural resonance when designing the structure;

g) Appropriate pneumatic exhaust muffler and hydraulic circuit damping.

Note: The noise reduction programs listed above are not all methods. Manufacturers can use other noise reduction with equivalent function or better effect Measures.

4.2.6 Smoke that damages health

4.2.6.1 The flue gas control shall be carried out according to the latest technological level and the requirements of Chapter 6 of GB/T 18569.1-2020. For possible production In areas where there is fumes harmful to health, the machine should be designed to be able to connect to an external exhaust system. Because the processing process included in this standard can be The range of flue gas that can be generated is too large, and this standard cannot give more detailed flue gas treatment measures.

Note: Harmful fumes, such as hot melt adhesives, solvents, adhesives, and fumes generated during leather embossing.

If necessary, the manufacturer shall provide internal ventilation equipment or set up an interface connected to an external ventilation system.

4.2.6.2 Compression molding machines using hot melt adhesives should use thermal fuse or multiple thermostat for overheating protection to ensure that no factors are caused. A large amount of smoke is released due to overheating.

4.2.7 Ergonomics

The machine design should consider the human ergonomics described in GB/T 15706-2012 6.2.8 and GB/T 18717.1, GB/T 18717.2 Principles of learning. Special consideration should be given to the following when designing.

---Operation height;

---According to GB/T 15241.2, make the operator's posture and movements comfortable;

--- Make entry easier, and control drive compatibility is good;

---According to GB/T 18717.1, GB/T 18717.2, GB/T 17888.1, the operator enters the working position, if necessary, should press

GB/T 17888.2 provides a suitable horizontal platform;

---Design the display device according to the requirements of GB/T 20528.1;

---Install additional local lighting according to the requirements of GB/T 28780.

4.2.8 High pressure fluid system

The hydraulic system or pneumatic system shall meet the requirements of 6.2.10 in GB/T 15706-2012 and GB/T 3766 and GB/T 7932.

In order to prevent being worn by other parts of the machine, the hose carrying high-pressure liquid or gas should be far enough away from other parts or protected by Device protection.

4.2.9 Control system

4.2.9.1 The control system requirements are as follows.

---Electrical system. should meet the requirements of Chapter 9 in GB/T 5226.1-2019;

---Pneumatic system. should meet the requirements of GB/T 7932;

---Hydraulic system. should meet the requirements of GB/T 3766.

4.2.9.2 If a protective device with control function (3.27.6 defined in GB/T 15706-2012) is used in the machine, it shall also comply with GB/T 15706-2012 6.3.3.2.5, GB/T 18831-2017 and Appendix J requirements.

The places where closing the protective device may restart the dangerous action of the machine are limited to.

a) Every operation process needs to enter the protected area;

b) It is impossible to enter the area enclosed by the protective device.

The guard should be completely closed before the machine is operated.

The protective device with control function can be controlled manually or by power. If the protective device with control function is power-controlled, turn off The closing action can be started by a button, timer or single-beam photoelectric device, and the safety-related components of the control system should at least comply with PLb in GB/T 16855.1-2018.

Unless it meets the requirements of 4.2.1.4, the power-operated protective device should be equipped with a tripping device that meets G.1.

Where frequent access to the work area is required, the power-operated protective device should be manually activated.

4.2.9.3 The area where the electro-sensitive protection device is installed on the machine, once the protection of the electro-sensitive protection device protection area is cancelled by the operator, the action may be Automatic restart [when the restart area meets the requirements of a) and b) in 4.2.9.2]. Electro-sensitive protection equipment shall meet the requirements of G.3.

4.2.9.4 For machines that do not need to enter the processing area for normal operation (automated machines), close the protective device and the machine should not be heavy.

Start, only after leaving the area protected by electro-sensitive protective equipment and triggering a manual controller can it be restarted.

4.2.9.5 The interlocking device for safety protection and restraining safety protection shall be controlled only by the position sensor. The electrical position sensor shall comply with GB/T 14048.5-2017 requirements.

Separate pressure, time or program control interlocking commands are not allowed.

4.2.9.6 According to GB/T 19670-2005, appropriate measures shall be taken to prevent all hazards related to power supply failure, including power instability Unexpected restart after the power supply is interrupted or when the control circuit is cut off.

To prevent uncontrollable dangerous actions caused by gravity in the case of power failure, the following should be set.

---Mechanical restraint or friction mechanical restraint device with automatic function. or ---A gas-liquid control system controlled by an additional control check valve (check valve). If feasible, install directly on the cylinder through the valve seat on. When it is not possible to install directly, there should be a rigid pipe with a flange or a welded pipe joint between the valve and the cylinder.

For electro-pneumatic controlled machines, pressure switches are usually used to prevent uncontrollable dangerous actions caused by unexpected power restart.

4.2.9.7 Unless otherwise required in 4.2.9.8, 4.2.9.9 or 4.3, the safety-related components of the control system shall.

---At least the same safety level as the protective device;

---At least meet the PLc in GB/T 16855.1-2018.

4.2.9.8 The safety-related components of the control system shall be designed so that the failure of any electronic component cannot cause the automatic start of dangerous actions, and shall At least meet the PLd in GB/T 16855.1-2018, except for emergency stop systems. Control system safety related department of emergency stop system The parts should at least meet the PLc in GB/T 16855.1-2018.

When using PLc based on risk assessment, the test interval should be as short as possible and should not exceed 4h.

The use of programmable electronic systems (PES) should not degrade any safety level. When the machine is equipped with a programmable electronic system (PES), Safety-related functions should not rely solely on their realization. Safety requirements can be achieved by using the following methods.

---Additional hardware control system;

---Redundant solid-state channels; or other redundant designs.

4.2.9.9 Compression molding machines that need to enter the operating area periodically during normal operation, their two-hand control devices, protective devices with control functions, and Electro-sensitive protection equipment should only be used as a hand protection device. provide.

a) The electronic controller is designed as.

---The failure of the electronic components cannot lead to the automatic start of dangerous actions; and ---Avoid restarting the operating cycle, or when the operating cycle cannot avoid restarting, according to the requirements of Appendix M, the second electronic component The failure of can not cause the automatic start of dangerous actions.

b) The pneumatic or hydraulic control device should be designed so that the failure of its components cannot cause the automatic start of dangerous actions. Its control system is safe The relevant components should at least comply with the PLd in GB/T 16855.1-2018.

Note: The machines that need to enter the operating area periodically in the compression molding machine include. outsole and insole setting machines, back side setting machines, etc.

4.2.9.10 If the dangerous action can only be entered into the dangerous area after the dangerous action has been stopped by a mechanical method independent of the control system The provisions of 4.2.9.7, 4.2.9.8, 4.2.9.9 do not apply.

4.2.10 Tool setting and adjustment

When it is necessary to bypass the operator's safety device during the tool setting or adjustment, the mode selection device that meets the requirements of 4.2.2.2 should be used.

Set. In the tool setting and adjustment mode, cyclic (automatic) operation should not be realized, and it should not be triggered without a separate start control device.

Repetitive operations can be achieved. In this mode, one or more of the following requirements should be met first.

---The hand tool is closed;

---The force limit specified in 4.2.1.5;

---The two-hand control device specified in I.1;

--- The maintenance-operation control device specified in K.2 in Appendix K, and its speed should not exceed 50mm/s.

4.2.11 Feeding system

4.2.11.1 During the manual loading and unloading of the workpiece, the operator should not be in the dangerous action area of the feeding system.

4.2.11.2 The dangerous actions of the power-operated tray feeding device shall be protected by one of the following devices.

---Comply with the force limit specified in 4.2.1.5;

---The trip device meets the requirements of Appendix G;

---Pressure-sensitive pads or pressure-sensitive plates that meet the requirements of Appendix H.

4.2.11.3 The dangerous actions of the power-operated rotary table feeding device should be protected by one of the following devices.

---Fixed protective device in accordance with GB/T 8196-2018;

---The interlocking protection device that complies with GB/T 18831-2017 and Appendix F of this standard;

And between the fixed and movable parts should be protected by the following devices.

---Comply with the force limit specified in 4.2.1.5;

---The trip device that can stop the rotation of the worktable in compliance with the provisions of Appendix G. A suitable trip device is a G.1 with Guided swing rod;

---Comply with the gap limit specified in 4.2.1.5;

---When the gap exceeds 120mm, it meets the requirements of GB 12265.3-1997.

4.2.11.4 The dangerous actions of the loading and unloading device shall be protected by the interlocking protection device in accordance with F.1.

4.2.11.5 The protective device of the operating area of the conveying device should meet the requirements of GB/T 23821-2009.

The protection of the operating area shall comply with one of the following methods.

---Comply with the gap limit specified in 4.2.1.5;

---Comply with the force limit specified in 4.2.1.5.

If the gap limit and the force limit cannot be met, a tripping device that meets the requirements of G.2.2 should be set.

4.2.12 Transportation auxiliary equipment

The manufacturing and assembly of the compression molding machine and its auxiliary equipment shall be capable of safe transportation.

The manufacturer shall provide a suitable means of transportation, and the machine shape design shall allow the use of forklifts to be used for transportation. (At the same time) should be used The user provides special equipment or methods required for the safe transportation or installation of the machine, and it is explained in the instruction manual.

Note: For transportation information, see 6.3h).

4.3 Requirements for specific compression molding machines

4.3.1 Outsole Pasting Synthesizing Machine

4.3.1.1 Open Outsole Pasting Synthesizing Machine

4.3.1.1.1 The dangerous actions of moving mechanical parts shall be protected by fixed enclosed protective devices in accordance with 4.2.1.2.1.

4.3.1.1.2 The closing action is different from the requirements of 4.2.1.3.1, and should be protected by the following devices.

--- The safety travel device that meets the requirements of Appendix D, which is converted when the gap is not greater than 8mm;

---Stop-release control device in accordance with Appendix N, effective in the entire operating area. The trip strip at knee height should span the entire machine Width setting.

4.3.1.1.3 In order to avoid entering the machine from the back of the machine, a fixed enclosed protective device that meets the requirements of 4.2.1.4 shall be installed for protection.

4.3.1.2 Closed outsole attaching and synthesizing machine

4.3.1.2.1 The dangerous actions of moving mechanical parts shall be protected by fixed enclosed protective devices that meet the requirements of 4.2.1.2.1.

4.3.1.2.2 The hand protection on the operator's side shall be protected by the following devices that meet the requirements of 4.2.1.3.

---Protection devices with control functions as specified in 4.2.1.3.2, 4.2.9.2 and Appendix J; or ---The trip device meets the requirements of 4.2.1.3.1 and G.1.