GB/T 39652.1-2021Emergency response guideline for transportation of dangerous goods—Part 1: General provision (English PDF)

3.1 Dangerous goods

It has the dangerous characteristics of explosion, flammability, poisoning, infection, corrosion, radioactivity, etc., and it is easy to cause personal injury during transportation, storage and other operations.

Materials and articles that require special protection due to death, property damage or environmental pollution.

Note: Dangerous goods are commonly called dangerous goods.

3.2 Transportofdangerousgoods

The business activity of organizing professionals and using special transportation vehicles and/or packaging containers to carry dangerous goods.

3.3 Emergency rescue

Take prevention, preparation, response and recovery activities for sudden and destructive emergencies.

3.4 Initialrescuephase

Relevant rescuers arrived at the accident site, screened and confirmed the dangerous goods at the scene, and began to take protective measures and on-site safety measures. And require professional rescuers to provide help.

4.1 Accident emergency objectives, tasks and procedures

4.1.1 Overall emergency goal

Through effective emergency rescue operations, the consequences of accidents, including casualties, property losses, and environmental damage, can be reduced as much as possible.

4.1.2 Basic emergency tasks

The basic emergency tasks include.

a) Organize timely rescue of victims, organize evacuation, evacuation or take other measures to protect all people in the area affected by the hazard. in During the evacuation or evacuation process, relevant personnel should be actively organized to carry out self-rescue and mutual rescue work.

b) Quickly control the situation, and investigate, detect or monitor the harm caused by the accident, and determine the area and hazard of the accident Quality and extent, timely control the source of danger that caused the accident.

c) Eliminate the harmful consequences and do a good job in site restoration. Handle leakage and fire-fighting water discharge carefully in the emergency handling process to prevent occurrence of accidents.

Health hazards and pollution will restore the accident site to a relatively stable basic state.

d) Find out the cause of the accident and assess the degree of harm. After the accident, the cause and nature of the accident should be investigated in time, and the accident should be evaluated The scope and extent of the hazard, and the identification of casualties, will lay a solid foundation for follow-up work.

4.2 On-site operation mechanism

The emergency response site of the accident shall be under the unified leadership of the emergency headquarters, the relevant departments shall bear corresponding responsibilities in accordance with the law, and each unit shall set requirements according to the plan Actively respond to linkage.

4.3 Emergency response procedures

Emergency handling procedures include but are not limited to.

a) Reconnaissance and detection. At the accident site, conduct reconnaissance and inspections on the type, nature, concentration, hazard range, and accident situation of dangerous goods Measurement. Reconnaissance and detection operations should follow the principles of identification, detection, qualitative, and quantitative, and emergency response actions should be implemented.

b) Alert evacuation. According to the information and data obtained at the accident site, analyze and judge various factors and hazards that may cause explosion and combustion.

The source of danger, confirm the pollution situation around the site, and delimit the warning area. Set up warning signs around the accident site and at the entrance. will The public whose lives are threatened in the vicinity of the accident site are moved to a safe area.

c) Safety protection. According to the risk of the accident and the demarcated hazardous area, as well as the requirements of GA/T 970-2011, determine the disposal line The safety protection level of the personnel shall be activated, and corresponding safety protection measures shall be taken.

d) Personnel rescue. Rescue of victims is the primary task of emergency rescue. In emergency response operations, search quickly, orderly, and effectively.

Finding the injured and implementing first aid and safe transfer of the injured are the key to reducing casualties and accident losses.

e) Exclusion of danger. In order to control the source of danger and prevent the continued expansion of accidents, professional rescue teams and fire emergency personnel should be organized as soon as possible. Make emergency plans and eliminate dangers safely, quickly and effectively.

f) On-site cleaning. According to the hazards that the accident caused or may bring to the human body, animals and plants, soil, air, etc., promptly adopt closures and isolations.

Measures such as separation, decontamination, and monitoring, clean up the site in time to prevent further harm and pollution to people and the environment.

4.4 Instructions for on-site operations

On-site operations should follow the following guidelines.

a) The fire rescue personnel, people's police and other emergency rescue personnel who first arrived at the accident site of dangerous goods transportation can be combined

GB/T 29179 uses this part;

b) When self-protection and public protection emergency measures need to be taken in the initial rescue phase of an accident, this section can provide basic guidance;

c) According to this section, the emergency handling of dangerous goods transportation accidents should be in accordance with GB/T 39652.2-2021, GB/T 39652.3-2021 Used simultaneously with GB/T 39652.4-2021.

5.1 Approach cautiously

You should not rush into the scene of the accident before you have made a comprehensive assessment of the accident situation. Carrying out emergency response to accidents requires forward action, but You should approach the accident site cautiously from the upper wind.

5.2 Ensure safety

Before directly entering the accident site, the site should be isolated to ensure that the handling personnel are outside the dangerous range, and the crowd and the week should be ensured.

The surrounding environment is safe, and there is enough space to mobilize the necessary equipment.

5.3 Take control

of hazards including but not limited to.

a) Pass signs, outer packaging labels, waybills, chemical safety technical specifications, train and trailer icons, and special instructions at the accident site. Industry professionals have direct access to accident-related information;

b) Use information such as the UN Dangerous Goods Number (UN Number), Dangerous Goods Classification Number and Dangerous Goods Name on the waybill to quickly Understand, master and effectively control accident hazards;

c) According to the information obtained, find the corresponding emergency guide card;

d) According to the detailed information of the dangerous goods obtained, take disposal measures suitable for the actual situation of the accident site;

e) The additional information provided by the shipper or other authoritative person may change the focus or details provided in the guide card.

5.4 On-site assessment

Evaluate the scene of the accident, including but not limited to the following factors.

a) Whether there is fire, leakage, etc.;

b) weather;

c) terrain;

d) Whether people, property and surrounding environment are in danger;

e) Measures that can be taken;

f) Actions to be taken immediately.

6.1 General

Personnel at the scene of the accident at the initial rescue stage should pay attention to personal and personnel protection, contact and report to relevant departments in time, and call emergency Telephone, obtain information support and take effective measures.

6.2 Seek protection and help

The following principles should be followed.

a) After arriving at the accident site, you should first identify the status of the dangerous goods to ensure the safety of yourself, the public and the surrounding environment;

b) You can seek help from trained professionals and get help in accordance with standard operating procedures or existing emergency rescue plans;

c) The reporting procedures and other ways of seeking help can be carried out in accordance with the requirements of 6.3, 6.4 and 6.5.

6.3 Liaison and reporting

The following principles should be followed.

a) The fire rescue personnel, people's police and other emergency rescue personnel who first arrived at the scene of the accident should promptly report to the local emergency management department The door and the affiliated unit report the accident;

b) Contact other relevant organizations or institutions according to the actual situation to obtain corresponding help and support.

6.4 Make an emergency call

The following principles should be followed.

a) Dial the emergency number on the waybill;

b) The person in charge of answering the phone should be familiar with the nature of the dangerous goods being transported and the corresponding emergency measures, or immediately contact to be familiar with the Personnel of dangerous goods.

6.5 Obtaining information support

When the following information can be safely obtained, it should be summarized and provided as soon as possible to the accident emergency command center and the experts in charge of technical guidance.

a) The name, telephone number, fax number or other contact information of the person seeking help;

b) The location of the incident and the conditions of the scene (whether it is leaking or catching fire, etc.);

c) The name of the dangerous goods at the accident site and the United Nations dangerous goods number (UN number);

d) Consignor/consignee/shipping location;

e) The name of the means of transport and the license plate number;

f) Type of packaging and its size;

g) The volume of cargo transportation/leakage;

h) Local environment (weather, terrain, whether it is close to schools, hospitals, sewers, etc.);

i) casualties and contact status;

j) The local emergency rescue service organization that has been reported or contacted.

A.1 General

The hazard classification of dangerous goods is stipulated by the "Model Regulations on the Recommendation on the Transport of Dangerous Goods" and GB 6944.

A.2 Classification of dangerous goods

A.2.1 Class 1 explosives

Explosives are divided into.

a) Item 1.1, substances and articles with overall explosion hazard;

b) Item 1.2, substances and articles that have a risk of ejection but no danger of mass explosion;

c) Item 1.3, there is a burning hazard and a local explosion hazard or a local ejection hazard or both of these hazards, but no overall explosion hazard Substances and articles;

d) Item 1.4, substances and articles that do not present major dangers;

e) Item 1.5, very insensitive substances with overall explosion hazard;

f) Item 1.6, extremely insensitive items without overall explosion hazard.

A.2.2 Class 2 gas

The gas is divided into.

a) Item 2.1, flammable gas;

b) Item 2.2, non-flammable and non-toxic gas;

c) Item 2.3, toxic gas.

A.2.3 Class 3 flammable liquid

A.2.4 Class 4 flammable solids, substances that are prone to spontaneous combustion, and substances that emit flammable gas in contact with water Flammable solids, substances that are prone to spontaneous combustion, and substances that emit flammable gas in contact with water are divided into.

a) Item 4.1, flammable solid;

b) Item 4.2, substances prone to spontaneous combustion;

c) Item 4.3, substances that emit flammable gas in contact with water.

A.2.5 Category 5 oxidizing substances and organic peroxides

Oxidizing substances and organic peroxides are divided into.

a) Item 5.1, oxidizing substances;

b) Item 5.2, organic peroxides.

A.2.6 Category 6 toxic and infectious substances

Toxic and infectious substances are divided into.

a) Item 6.1, toxic substances;

b) Item 6.2, infectious substances.

B.4 The meaning of the hazard identification number

B.4.1 The hazard identification number consists of 2 or 3 numbers. Generally, the numbers indicate the following hazards.

a) 2---gas leakage caused by pressure or chemical reaction;

b) 3---The flammability of liquid (vapor), gas and self-heating liquid;

c) 4---The flammability of solids or self-heating solids;

d) 5---oxidation (combustion-supporting) effect;

e) 6--- Toxic or infectious hazard;

f) 7---Radioactivity;

g) 8---corrosive;

h) 9---Danger of spontaneous violent reaction.

Note 1.The number 9 represents the danger caused by spontaneous violent reaction, including the possibility of explosion, decomposition and polymerization caused by the explosive nature of the substance itself After releasing a large amount of hot or flammable and/or toxic gas. Double writing of numbers indicates the emphasis on special hazards. The hazard of a substance is represented by a single number When indicating, add 0 after it. However, the following combinations of numbers have special meanings. 22, 323, 333, 362, 382, 423, 44, 446, 462, 482, 539, 606, 623, 642, 823, 842, 90 and 99, see B.3.2 for details.

Note 2.If a certain hazard identification number starts with "X", it means that the substance will react dangerously with water. For this type of substance, water can only be allowed with the permission of experts. use.

Note 3.The hazard identification number of category 1 substances is directly represented by its classification number (ie, the letter of the item number assembly group).

B.4.2 Based on the above circumstances, the meaning of the hazard identification numbers for dangerous goods from categories 2 to 9 are.

20 --- Gas that causes suffocation or gas that has no secondary hazard 22 --- Frozen liquefied gas, suffocating 223 --- Frozen liquefied gas, flammability 225 ---Refrigerated liquefied gas, oxidizing (combustion-supporting type)

23 ---flammable gas 238 ---Gas, flammable and corrosive 239 --- Flammable gas, can spontaneously cause violent reactions 25 --- Oxidizing (combustion-supporting) gas 26 --- Toxic gas 263 --- Toxic gas, flammability 265 --- Toxic gas, oxidizing (combustion-supporting type)

268 --- Toxic gas, corrosive 28 ---Gas, corrosive 30 --- Flammable liquid (flash point at 23°C~60°C) or flammable liquid, or molten solid with flash point higher than 60°C, or self-heating liquid 323 --- Flammable liquid that reacts with water, releasing flammable gas X323---flammable liquid that reacts dangerously with water, releasing flammable gas 33 ---Highly flammable liquid (flash point below 23°C)

333 ---Pyrophoric liquid X333---Pyrophoric liquid that reacts dangerously with water 336 --- Highly flammable liquid, toxic 338 ---Highly flammable liquid, corrosive X338---Highly flammable liquid, corrosive, dangerous reaction in contact with water