GB/T 34131-2023Battery management system for electrical energy storage (English PDF)

6.1 General requirements

6.1.1 The battery management system shall have the functions of data acquisition, communication, alarm and protection, control, state estimation, parameter setting, data storage, calculation and statistics, etc. It shall have a display function. Lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, and lead-acid (carbon) battery management systems shall also have balance and insulation resistance detection functions.

6.1.2 The battery management system shall have versatility, compatibility, maintainability and scalability. It shall be used when it is plugged.

6.1.3 The functions of the battery management system shall be logically independent of each other. The control strategy and execution cycle match each other.

6.1.4 The battery management system shall be equipped with a grounding terminal. Grounding resistance shall not be greater than 0.1 ohm. Screws and ground points for connection to the ground wire shall not be used for any other mechanical fastening purposes.

6.1.5 The wiring harness of the battery management system shall use flame-retardant materials. The electrical interface shall adopt a fool-proof design.

6.2 Data acquisition

6.2.1 Lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries and lead-acid (carbon) battery management systems shall collect parameters such as battery cell voltage, battery cell temperature, battery module positive and negative terminal temperatures, battery cluster voltage, and battery cluster current.

6.2.2 The flow battery management system shall collect parameters such as stack voltage, stack current, electrolyte temperature, electrolyte pressure, electrolyte flow rate, electrolyte level state, pump current, pump frequency and valve state.

6.2.3 Water electrolysis hydrogen production/fuel cell management system shall collect electrolyzer voltage, electrolyzer current, electrolyzer temperature, cooling water temperature, cooling water pressure, hydrogen outlet pressure of hydrogen production system, electrolyte circulation flow, oxygen concentration in hydrogen, hydrogen concentration in oxygen, micro-oxygen content in hydrogen, hydrogen dew point, fuel cell voltage, fuel cell current, fuel cell temperature, fuel cell inlet hydrogen pressure, hydrogen storage system pressure, hydrogen flow in hydrogen supply pipeline, ambient hydrogen concentration and other parameters.

6.2.4 See Table 1 for the battery acquisition parameter error and sampling period requirements of the battery management system.

6.3 Communication

6.3.1 The battery management system shall have the function of information interaction with the monitoring system, energy storage converter, and other management-level battery management systems. It shall also have the function of information exchange with equipment such as fire protection system, heating ventilation and air conditioning system.

6.3.4 Communication interfaces such as CAN, RS-485, and Ethernet can be used between battery management systems at different management levels. Communication protocols such as CAN2.0B and Modbus can be supported.

6.3.5 Communication interfaces such as RS-485 and Ethernet can be used for the battery management system, fire protection system, heating ventilation and air conditioning system. Support the Modbus communication protocol.

6.4 Alarm and protection

6.4.1 Alarm classification and processing

6.4.2 Alarm content

6.4.2.1 The alarm content of lithium-ion battery, sodium-ion battery and lead-acid (carbon) battery management system shall include voltage over limit, voltage extreme difference over limit, cluster current over limit, temperature over limit, battery cell temperature extreme difference within the cluster over limit, insulation resistance over limit, voltage acquisition line abnormality, temperature acquisition line abnormality

6.4.2.2 The alarm content of the liquid flow battery management system shall include: voltage over limit, voltage extreme difference over limit, current over limit, temperature over limit, flow over limit, pressure over limit, liquid level over limit, liquid leakage fault, communication exception etc.

6.4.2.3 The alarm content of the water electrolysis hydrogen production/fuel cell management system shall include voltage over limit, current over limit, temperature over limit, flow over limit, liquid level over limit, pressure over limit, oxygen concentration over limit in hydrogen, hydrogen concentration over limit in oxygen, ambient hydrogen concentration over limit, communication abnormality, etc. […]

6.4.3 Protection

6.5 Control

6.5.1 The lithium-ion battery, sodium-ion battery and lead-acid (carbon) battery management system shall control the input and exit of battery clusters and battery arrays.

6.5.2 The battery management system shall have the ability to adjust the battery temperature through the cooling or heating system.

6.5.3 The liquid flow battery management system shall control the pump speed of the electrolyte circulation pump and the on-off of the valve.

6.6 Energy state estimation

6.6.1 The battery management system shall estimate the battery state of energy (SOE) in real time.

6.6.2 The maximum allowable error of the energy state estimation of the battery management system shall be ±5%.

6.7 Balance

Lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries and lead-acid (carbon) battery management systems shall have a balancing function. One or both of the active and passive balance methods can be used as the balance method.

6.8 Insulation resistance detection

6.8.1 Lithium-ion battery, sodium-ion battery and lead-acid (carbon) battery management system shall have battery cluster insulation resistance detection function. When the insulation detection function is activated by other external equipment, it shall be automatically turned off.

6.8.2 See Table 2 for the insulation resistance detection error requirements for lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries and lead-acid (carbon) battery management systems.

6.9 Parameter setting

6.9.1 The battery management system shall have the function of setting parameters such as battery system configuration parameters, battery normal operation cut-off parameters, alarm thresholds and protection thresholds in abnormal states.

6.9.2 The battery management system shall have the function of parameter setting authority.

6.9.3 The battery management system shall have local parameter setting function and remote parameter setting function.

6.10 Data storage

6.10.1 The battery management system shall store data information such as battery operating state information, operating parameter information, alarm information, and protection action information in real time.

6.10.2 The battery management system shall store data information of not less than 120 d locally. Queue storage shall be used.

6.11 Calculations and statistics

6.12 Display

The battery management system shall have the display function of basic information such as battery operating state, battery operating parameters, and event records.

6.13 Insulation withstand voltage

6.14 Electrical adaptability

6.15 Electromagnetic compatibility

Under the action of electromagnetic interference, the battery management system shall ensure the normal function, performance and correctness of action. The requirements for relevant electromagnetic compatibility standards shall not be met by external anti-interference components. The electromagnetic compatibility performance of the battery management system shall meet the requirements in Table 5.

6.16 System availability

7.1 Test environment

Unless otherwise specified, the normal test environment shall meet the following requirements. […]

7.2 Test equipment

7.3 Test preparation

7.4 Data acquisition

7.5 Communication

The communication test is carried out according to the following steps.

7.6 Alarm and protection

The alarm and protection test is carried out according to the following steps.

7.7 Control

The control function test is carried out according to the following steps.

7.8 Energy state estimation

The energy state estimation test is carried out according to the following steps.

7.9 Balance

The balance test is carried out according to the following steps.

7.10 Insulation resistance detection

The insulation resistance detection test is carried out according to the following steps.

7.11 Insulation withstand voltage

7.12 Environmental adaptability

7.13 Electrical adaptability

7.14 Electromagnetic compatibility

7.14.1 Electrostatic discharge immunity

The test sample is tested in accordance with the method of GB/T 17626.2 under normal working conditions.

7.14.2 Electrical fast transient burst immunity

The test sample is tested in accordance with the method of GB/T 17626.4 under normal working conditions.

7.14.3 Surge (shock) immunity

The test sample is tested in accordance with the method of GB/T 17626.5 under normal working conditions.

7.14.7 0 Hz ~ 150 kHz common mode conducted disturbance immunity

The test sample is tested in accordance with the method of GB/T 17626.16 under normal working conditions.

7.14.8 Ripple immunity of DC power input port

The test sample is tested in accordance with the method of GB/T 17626.17 under normal working conditions.

7.14.9 Damped oscillatory wave immunity

The test sample is tested in accordance with the method of GB/T 17626.18 under normal working conditions.

8.1 Types of inspection

The inspection types of the battery management system are divided into type inspection, exit-factory inspection and sampling inspection.

8.2 Type inspection

8.2.1 Type inspection requirements

8.2.2 Judgment rules

If the inspection items of all test samples meet the requirements, it will be judged as qualified for the type inspection. If any one of the test items of any set of test samples does not meet the requirements, it is judged to be unqualified for the type inspection.

8.3 Exit-factory inspection

8.3.1 Exit-factory inspection requirements

Each set of products shall be exit-factory inspected.

8.3.2 Judgment rules

If any of the inspection items of the inspected product does not meet the requirements, it will be judged as unqualified for the exit-factory inspection.

8.4 Sampling inspection

8.4.1 Sampling inspection requirements

8.4.1.1 Sampling inspection shall be carried out in one of the following situations.

8.4.1.2 Sampling inspection shall meet the following requirements.

a) Sampling inspection is for the same model products. If there are multiple models, each model shall be sampled and inspected separately.

8.4.2 Judgment rules

Judgment rules shall meet the following requirements. […]

8.5 Inspection items

Inspection items shall meet the requirements in Table 6.

9.1 Marks

Product nameplates and labels shall comply with the following regulations.

9.2 Packaging

Product packaging shall meet the following requirements. […]

9.3 Transportation

Product transportation shall comply with the provisions of GB/T 4798.2.

9.4 Storage

The product storage shall meet the following requirements. […]