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GB/T 3222.2-2022Acoustics - Description, measurement and assessment of environmental noise - Part 2: Determination of sound pressure levels (English PDF)

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Issued by

SAMR; SAC

Level / Type

National · Recommended

Issue date

March 9, 2022

Implementation date

October 1, 2022

Scope

GB/T 3222.2-2022 (Acoustics - Description, measurement and assessment of environmental noise - Part 2: Determination of sound pressure levels) is available as an English-translated PDF.

GB/T 3222.2-2022 — This document describes how sound pressure levels intended as a basis for assessing environmental noise limits or comparison of scenarios in spatial studies can be determined. Determination can be done by direct measurement and by extrapolation of measurement results by means of calculation. This document is primarily intended to be used outdoors but some guidance is given for indoor measurements as well. It is flexible and to a large extent, the user determines the measurement effort and, accordingly, the measurement uncertainty, which is determined and reported in each case. Thus, no limits for allowable maximum uncertainty are set up. Often, the measurement results are combined with calculations to correct for reference operating or propagation conditions different from those during the actual measurement. This document can be applied on all kinds of environmental noise sources, such as road and rail traffic noise, aircraft noise and industrial noise.

Document preview — GB/T 3222.2-2022

National Standard of the People's Republic of China

Issued by: SAMR; SAC

Foreword...4
Introduction...6
1 Scope...7
2 Normative References...7
3 Terms and Definitions...8
4 Measurement Uncertainty...10
5 Instrumentation for Acoustical Measurements...13
5.1 General...13
5.2 Calibration...14
5.3 Verification...14
5.4 Long-term Monitoring...14
6 Principles...15
6.1 General...15
6.2 Independent Measurements...16
7 Operation of the Source...17
7.1 General...17
7.2 Road Traffic...17
7.3 Rail Traffic...18
7.4 Air Traffic...19
7.5 Industrial Plants...21
8 Meteorological Conditions...22
8.1 General...22
8.2 Favorable Propagation...23
8.3 Effects of Precipitation on Measurements...23
9 Measurement Procedures...24
9.1 Selection of Measurement Time Interval...24
9.2 Microphone Location...25
9.3 Measurements...26
10 Evaluation of the Measurement Results...30
10.1 General...30
10.2 Determination of LE,T, Leq,T and LN,T...31
10.3 Treatment of Incomplete or Corrupted Data...31
10.4 Level Correction for Residual Sound...31
10.5 Determination of Standard Uncertainty...32
10.6 Determination of Lden...33
10.7 Maximum level, Lmax...35
11 Extrapolation to Other Locations...35
11.1 General...35
11.2 Extrapolation by Means of Calculations...36
11.3 Extrapolation by Means of Measured Attenuation Functions...36
12 Calculation...37
12.1 General...37
12.2 Calculation Methods...38
13 Information to be Recorded and Reported...38
Appendix A (informative) Determination of Radius of Curvature...40
Appendix B (informative) Microphone Locations Relative to Reflecting Surfaces...43
Appendix C (informative) Selection of Measurement / Monitoring Site...48
Appendix D (informative) Correction to Reference Condition...50
Appendix E (informative) Elimination of Unwanted Sound...56
Appendix F (informative) Measurement Uncertainty...58
Appendix G (informative) Examples of Uncertainty Calculations...60
Appendix H (informative) Maximum Sound Pressure Levels...66
Appendix I (informative) Measurement of Residual Sound...69

Foreword

This document was drafted in accordance with the rules provided in GB/T 1.1-2020 Directives

for Standardization - Part 1: Rules for the Structure and Drafting of Standardizing Documents.

This document is Part 2 of GB/T 3222 Acoustics - Description, Measurement and Assessment

of Environmental Noise. GB/T 3222 has issued the following parts:

---Part 1: Basic Quantities and Assessment Procedures;

---Part 2: Determination of Sound Pressure Levels.

This document serves as a replacement of GB/T 3222.2-2009 Acoustics - Description,

Measurement and Assessment of Environmental Noise - Part 2: Determination of

Environmental Noise Levels. In comparison with GB/T 3222.2-2009, the main technical

changes are as follows:

---Terms and definitions are added from 8 to 16 (see Chapter 3);

---An introduction to the principle of measurement is added (see Chapter 6);

---The contents of "measurement procedures", "evaluation of measurement results" and

"extrapolation to other locations" are modified (see Chapter 9, Chapter 10 and Chapter

11; Chapter 8, Chapter 9 and Chapter 10 of Version 2009).

This document equivalently adopts ISO 1996-2:2017 Acoustics - Description, Measurement

and Assessment of Environmental Noise - Part 2: Determination of Sound Pressure Levels.

Please be noted that certain content of this document may involve patents. The institution

issuing this document does not undertake the responsibility of identifying these patents.

This document was proposed by Chinese Academy of Sciences.

This document shall be under the jurisdiction of National Technical Committee 17 on Acoustics

of Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC 17).

The drafting organizations of this document: Shenzhen Zhongya Mechanic & Electric Industry

Co., Ltd.; Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Tongji University; Zhejiang

University of Science and Technology; Beijing Municipal Institute of Labor Protection;

Research Institute of Highway Ministry of Transport; Shanghai Academy of Environmental

Sciences; Hangzhou AHAI Intelligent Technology Co., Ltd.; Guangzhou Qijing Environmental

Protection Technology Co., Ltd.; National Institute of Metrology, China; Northwestern

Polytechnical University; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Zhejiang University; Changsha

Aobang Environmental Protection Industry Co., Ltd.

1 Scope

This document describes how sound pressure levels intended as a basis for assessing

environmental noise limits or comparison of scenarios in spatial studies can be determined.

Determination can be done by direct measurement and by extrapolation of measurement results

by means of calculation. This document is primarily intended to be used outdoors but some

guidance is given for indoor measurements as well. It is flexible and to a large extent, the user

determines the measurement effort and, accordingly, the measurement uncertainty, which is

determined and reported in each case. Thus, no limits for allowable maximum uncertainty are

set up. Often, the measurement results are combined with calculations to correct for reference

operating or propagation conditions different from those during the actual measurement.

This document can be applied on all kinds of environmental noise sources, such as road and

rail traffic noise, aircraft noise and industrial noise.

2 Normative References

The contents of the following documents constitute indispensable clauses of this document

through the normative references in this text. In terms of references with a specified date, only

versions with a specified date are applicable to this document. In terms of references without a

specified date, the latest version (including all the modifications) is applicable to this document.

GB/T 3222.1-2022 Acoustics - Description, Measurement and Assessment of Environmental

Noise - Part 1: Basic Quantities and Assessment Procedures (ISO 1996-1:2016, IDT)

ISO 1996-1 Acoustics - Description, Measurement and Assessment of Environmental Noise -

Part 1: Basic Quantities and Assessment Procedures

ISO 20906:2009/Amd 1:2013 Acoustics - Unattended Monitoring of Aircraft Sound in Vicinity

of Airports - Amendment 1

ISO/IEC 17025 General Requirements for the Competence of Testing and Calibration

Laboratories

NOTE: GB/T 27025-2019 General Requirements for the Competence of Testing and Calibration

Laboratories (ISO/IEC 17025:2017, IDT)

measurement at the receiver location.

11.2 Extrapolation by Means of Calculations

The noise measurements shall be carried out at a well-defined location neither too close (not in

the near field of some part of the source) nor too far away (accurate prediction of attenuation is

desirable) from the source in relation to the extension of the source. By calculating the

attenuation that has taken place during propagation from source to measuring location, an

estimate of the source noise emission is established. This estimate is subsequently used to

calculate the sound pressure level at a receiver other than the intermediate measurement

location.

To perform the calculation of sound transmission attenuation, a calculation method is needed;

see Chapter 12. The intermediate measurement location shall be chosen so that reliable

measurement and calculation is facilitated. For example, there should be no screening obstacles

between the source and the microphone and a high microphone location is preferred as this

implies minimum influence of the meteorological conditions during the measurement.

11.3 Extrapolation by Means of Measured Attenuation Functions

The noise measurements shall be carried out at the location of the desired estimation and,

simultaneously, at a reference location relatively close to source (but still out of the near field

of some part of the source), preferably between the first location and the source itself. The

reference location shall be chosen in order to reduce the level of the residual sound.

Simultaneous measurements shall be taken during a limited time period but at least for a period

two times to three times longer than the propagation delay expected between the two

microphones.

EXAMPLE: Assuming the reference and the assessment microphones are placed 400 m far away,

the propagation delay is about 1.2 s. Therefore, setting and integration time of 5 s

would be an adequate choice.

The two acquisition instruments shall be synchronized accurately in order to make their relative

time difference fall within the measurement time interval. Carry out measurements for each

selected propagation condition. The measurement time interval shall be long enough to include

relevant source variations.

For almost continuous noise sources (e.g. industries, road with heavy traffic), acquisition can

be made for a fixed time chosen in order to ensure enough statistics but still remaining in the

same propagation condition. Usually a period of 15 min to 30 min should be appropriate. For

variable noise sources (e.g. minor roads and railways), the number of passages should exceed

the number of 10; if possible, measurement should be extended to last at least 15 min or, if the

required number of events has not been reached, even further.

The attenuation function Laf is then given by Formula (23):

......

......
This preview omits tables, figures, formulas and parts of the technical clauses. The complete document — all pages — is available in the English PDF.

Referenced standards

Normative references

GB/T 3222.1-2022Acoustics - Description, measurement and assessment of environmental noise - Part 1: Basic quantities and assessment procedures

ISO 1996 · ISO 20906 · ISO/IEC 17025 · GB/T 27025-2019

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