GB/T 3449-2026Acoustics - Noise measurement inside railbound vehicles (English PDF)

Foreword

This document complies with the provisions of GB/T 1.1-2020 "Standardization Work Guidelines Part 1: Structure and Drafting Rules of Standardization Documents".

Drafting.

This document replaces GB/T 3449-2011 "Acoustic Measurement of Interior Noise in Rail Vehicles". Compared with GB/T 3449-2011, except for the following.

Aside from structural adjustments and editorial changes, the main technical changes are as follows.

a) The terms "unit", "track attenuation rate", "track acoustic characteristics", "test section", "intermittent sound", "motor vehicle", and "trailer" have been added (see 3.1).

3.7, 3.8, 3.9, 3.11, 3.13, 3.14);

b) The terms "sound pressure," "sound pressure level," "A-weighted sound pressure level," "AF-weighted maximum sound pressure level," and "equivalent continuous A-weighted sound pressure level" have been removed.

"Short-time equivalent continuous A-weighted sound pressure level" and "Equivalent continuous A-weighted impulse sound pressure level" (see 3.6, 3.7, and 3.8 of the 2011 edition).

3.9, 3.10, 3.11, 3.12);

c) Some terminology has been changed (see 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 3.10, 3.12; and 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.13 in the 2011 edition).

3.14);

d) The procedure for selecting measurement locations has been changed (see Chapter 5, 6.3 of the 2011 edition);

e) More technical requirements for stationary test measurements have been added (see Chapter 6);

f) A new method for measuring noise in the driver's cab has been added (see Chapter 7);

g) More technical requirements for uniform velocity test measurements have been added (see Chapter 8);

h) More technical requirements for acceleration and deceleration test measurements have been added (see Chapter 9);

i) The test conditions have been changed, and their content has been moved to the chapters on different state test requirements (see Chapters 6-9, 2011 edition).

Chapter 6);

j) The test methodology overview (see 7.1 in the 2011 edition) has been removed;

k) Increased measurement quality requirements (see Chapter 10);

l) More technical requirements for measurement reports have been changed (see Chapter 11, Chapter 8 of the 2011 edition);

m) Additional technical requirements for track acoustic properties have been added in the appendix (see Appendix C).

This document is modified to adopt ISO 3381:2021 "Acoustics for rail applications - Measurement of interior noise in rail vehicles".

The technical differences between this document and ISO 3381:2021, and the reasons therefor, are as follows.

---Replace IEC 61260-1 with the normatively referenced GB/T 3241.1, IEC 61672-1 with GB/T 3785.1, and GB/T 15173 with GB/T 3241.1.

Replace with IEC 60942 to conform to my country's actual situation (see 4.1);

---The normative reference EN15153-2:2020 has been deleted, and normative references TB/T 2325.3-2020 and... have been added.

TB/T 3051.2-2016, to conform to my country's actual situation (see 7.5);

---EN15610, a normative reference, has been removed, and GB/T 5111-2024, a normative reference, has been added to conform to my country's actual situation.

(See C.2.1 and C.3.2 for details);

---The vehicle conditions (see 5.1.4, 6.4.2, and 9.4.2) and track condition requirements (see 6.3, 7.2, 8.3, and 9.3) have been changed, according to our country's vehicle...

The vehicle type refines the evaluation area for measurement locations and adds provisions requiring the equipment to meet the requirements of the procurement technical conditions or general technical conditions.

The requirement for maintaining normal operation has been amended to include requirements for ballastless track conditions, in order to better suit my country's actual engineering conditions.

---The method based on narrowband spectrum analysis has been changed, replacing "preferentially adopt Annex J of ISO.1996-2.2017 or DIN 45681" with...

"Appendix J of GB/T 3222.2-2022 shall be adopted preferentially" (see 6.7.2, 8.7.2, and 9.8.2);

---The acoustic environment and measurement methods for the driver's cab test during horn blasting have been modified (see 7.1.1 and 7.5). The acoustic environment and measurement methods during horn blasting have been adjusted.

The conditions are in accordance with the requirements of TB/T 3051.2-2016 and TB/T 2325.3-2020 to meet the testing requirements of railway electric whistles and bagpipes in my country.

Quantity requirements;

---The track geometry requirements have been changed (see 8.3.2), adding curve radius requirements at speeds of 300 km/h and above, to comply with...

It conforms to the actual situation of curve radius and vehicle speed of my country's railways and urban rail transit;

---The test speed has been changed (see 8.6.2), and a test speed for "urban (suburban) EMUs" has been added to comply with my country's railway and urban rail transit standards.

Current status of road traffic;

---Added explanations of ATC monitoring signals (see 8.7.1);

---The limits for the acoustic roughness level of rails have been changed (see C.2.1), with the new limits for the acoustic roughness level of rails corresponding to wavelengths above 16 cm.

The requirements have been revised and further tightened to conform to the research findings on the acoustic roughness of railway and urban rail transit rails in my country and noise levels.

Sound frequency characteristics.

The following editorial changes have been made to this document.

---Change the standard name to "Acoustic Measurement of Interior Noise in Rail Vehicles".

Please note that some content in this document may involve patents. The issuing organization of this document assumes no responsibility for identifying patents.

This document was proposed by the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

This document is under the jurisdiction of the National Acoustics Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC17).

1 Scope

This document specifies the methods and conditions for measuring the noise level inside railway vehicles or other rail vehicles in order to obtain reproducible measurement results.

Results, but excluding track maintenance vehicles in operation.

This document applies to.

---Type testing;

---Periodic monitoring and inspection;

---Routine noise measurement.

This document is not applicable to the monitoring or assessment of noise exposure for passengers or drivers, nor to rubber-wheeled guided vehicles.

This document provides methods for measuring vehicle interior noise in the following situations (typically, vehicle type testing only selects some test items).

---When the vehicle is moving at a constant speed;

---When the vehicle is stationary;

---When the vehicle accelerates or decelerates;

---The driver's cab when the external horn sounds.

This document does not provide measurement methods for the following situations.

---The audibility or intelligibility of any audible signal;

---Evaluation of sound warning devices other than bagpipes and electric whistles.

This document does not cover the assessment of noise exposure of cabin crew due to their work environment.

The results can be used for.

---Characterizes the internal noise characteristics of railway and urban rail transit trains;

---Compare the interior noise of different types of vehicles in a specific section;

---Acquire basic sound source data of the train.

The type test measurement method is engineering grade (level 2, accuracy ±2dB), which is the preferred level for noise disclosure (see...).

(ISO 12001). If the measurement conditions are relaxed, such as for monitoring and measuring trains during operation, the results will no longer meet the engineering grade.

The acceleration and deceleration measurement methods are simplified (level 3).

2 Normative references

The contents of the following documents, through normative references within the text, constitute essential provisions of this document. Dated citations are not included.

For references to documents, only the version corresponding to that date applies to this document; for undated references, the latest version (including all amendments) applies.

This document.

GB/T 3222.1-2022 Description, measurement and evaluation of acoustic environmental noise – Part 1: Basic parameters and evaluation methods (ISO.1996-1.2016, IDT) GB/T 3222.2-2022 Acoustic environmental noise – Description, measurement and evaluation – Part 2: Measurement of sound pressure level (ISO.1996-2.

2017, IDT)

GB/T 3241.1 Electroacoustic octave and fractional octave filters – Part 1: Specifications (GB/T 3241.1-2025) IEC 61260-1:2014, IDT GB/T 3785.1 Electroacoustic sound level meters – Part 1: Specifications (GB/T 3785.1-2023, IEC 61672-1:2013, IDT)