GB/T 19963.1-2021Technical specification for connecting wind farm to power system—Part 1: On shore wind power (English PDF)

4.1 Basic Requirements

4.1.1 Wind farms shall comply with the provisions of GB/T 31464, GB 38755, and DL/T 1870, and be capable of participating in power system frequency regulation, peak shaving, and reserve functions. The ability.

4.1.2 Wind farms should be equipped with active power control systems with active power regulation capabilities. Recommended active power control modes are given in Appendix B.

4.1.3 When the active power of a wind farm exceeds 20% of its total rated power, the wind farm should be able to achieve continuous and smooth adjustment of its active power.

It can also participate in the active power control of the power system.

4.1.4 The wind farm should be able to receive and automatically execute control commands issued by the power system dispatching agency regarding active power and changes in active power.

The active power and its changes in the active power of a wind farm should meet the requirements of power system dispatch and control.

4.1.5 Wind farms should be able to automatically calculate the theoretical generating power and reserve capacity of the wind farm, and have the ability to reduce total active power and increase total active power.

Automatic power generation control functions such as rate of change and adjustment of active power change rate.

4.2 Active power variation under normal operating conditions

4.2.1 The active power variation of a wind farm includes the 1-minute active power variation and the 10-minute active power variation. This applies to wind farm grid connection and wind... During rapid growth, the changes in active power of wind farms should meet the requirements for the safe and stable operation of the power system, and the limits should be based on the power system they are connected to.

The frequency regulation characteristics of the system are determined by the power system dispatching agency.

4.2.2 Recommended values for the active power variation limits of wind farms are shown in Table 1.This requirement also applies to normal shutdowns of wind farms. Allowable fluctuations due to wind... The situation where the change in active power of a wind farm exceeds the maximum limit due to a decrease in wind speed or a wind speed exceeding the cut-out wind speed.

4.3 Emergency Control

4.3.1 In the event of the following power system accidents or emergencies, the wind farm shall, in accordance with the instructions of the power system dispatching agency, rapidly control its output.

Active power. If necessary, the active power of the wind farm can be quickly and automatically reduced or the wind farm can be disconnected through automatic safety devices. At this time, the active power of the wind farm will be reduced.

The rate of change may exceed the maximum limit for active power change stipulated by the power system dispatching agency.

a) Under power system faults or special operating conditions, it is required to reduce the active power of wind farms to prevent transmission equipment overload and ensure power system stability. The system is operating stably;

b) When the power system frequency is higher than 50.5Hz, reduce the active power of the wind farm according to the instructions of the power system dispatching agency; in severe cases... The entire wind farm was cut off.

c) In the event of a power system accident or emergency, if the operation of the wind farm jeopardizes the safety and stability of the power system, the power system dispatching agency should... The wind farm was temporarily shut down in accordance with regulations.

4.3.2 After the accident is handled and the power system returns to normal operation, the wind farm shall be connected to the grid and operated in accordance with the dispatch instructions.

5.1 Basic Requirements

5.1.1 Wind farms should have the ability to quickly control their own active power, provide inertial response and primary frequency regulation, and be able to adjust according to the power system operation.

In practice, it is necessary to enable or disable inertia response and primary frequency regulation functions. The enabling or disabling of these functions can be switched remotely or locally.

5.1.2 The inertial response and primary frequency regulation functions of wind farms should be used in conjunction. When wind farms participate in the power system's inertial response and primary frequency regulation, they should... It can achieve continuous and smooth adjustment of active power.

5.1.3 Wind farms should be equipped with inertia response and primary frequency regulation activation and operation status signals, and these signals should be uploaded to the dispatch monitoring system. system.

5.1.4 The active power control system and AGC commands of the wind farm should be coordinated with the primary frequency regulation of the wind farm.

5.2 Inertia Response

5.2.1 The dead zone of the inertial response can be determined according to the actual situation of the power system, and should preferably be set to ±(0.03~0.1)Hz. When the power system frequency deviates... When the difference is greater than the dead zone range and the active power of the wind farm is greater than 20%P , the wind farm should provide an inertial response under the condition of satisfying formula (1), and Furthermore, the change in active power of the wind farm, deltaP, should satisfy formula (2).

5.2.2 The equivalent inertial time constant T of the wind farm is generally set to 8s~12s (this value can be determined according to the actual situation of the power system).

5.2.4 The rise time of the change in active power of the wind farm shall not exceed 1 second, and the allowable deviation shall not exceed ±1%Px.

5.2.3 Frequency change rate window

The time window for calculating the frequency change rate df/dt at the grid connection point of a wind farm should be no greater than 200 ms and no less than 100 ms.

5.3 Primary frequency modulation

5.3.1 The dead zone of primary frequency regulation can be determined according to the actual situation of the power system, and should preferably be set to ±(0.03~0.1)Hz. When the power system frequency deviates... When the difference is greater than the dead zone range and the active power of the wind farm is greater than 20% P , the wind farm should have the capability to participate in the primary frequency regulation of the power system.

The change in active power of the wind farm, deltaP, should satisfy formula (3). An example curve for primary frequency regulation of the wind farm is shown in Appendix C.

5.3.2 The active power frequency regulation coefficient K is generally set to 10~50 (this value can be determined according to the actual situation of the power system).

5.3.3 When the power system frequency is greater than 50Hz, the wind farm should reduce its active power output according to the primary frequency regulation curve, and the power reduction limit can be... The value should be determined based on the actual requirements of the power system, and should preferably be 10%P.

5.3.4 When the power system frequency is less than 50Hz, the wind farm should increase its active power output according to the primary frequency regulation curve, and the power limit can be increased.

The value should be determined based on the actual requirements of the power system, and should preferably be 6%P.

5.3.5 The primary frequency modulation response lag time should not exceed 2 seconds, the primary frequency modulation rise time should not exceed 9 seconds, and the primary frequency modulation adjustment time should not exceed [a certain value].

Within 15 seconds, the allowable deviation of active power regulation should not exceed ±1%P .

6.1 Basic Requirements

Wind farms should comply with the requirements of DL/T 1870 and NB/T 31046 and be equipped with wind power prediction systems. The wind power prediction system should have... Prepare medium-term wind power forecasts (0 h to 240 h), short-term wind power forecasts (0 h to 72 h), and ultra-short-term wind power forecasts (15 min to 4 h).

The function should have a prediction time resolution of no less than 15 minutes.

6.2 Reporting of Forecast Curves and Operational Status

6.2.1 The wind power forecasting system of the wind farm shall report the medium-term and short-term wind power forecast results to the power system dispatching agency twice a day.

As a result, the ultra-short-term power prediction results should be reported to the power system dispatching agency every 15 minutes.

6.2.2 When the wind power forecasting system of a wind farm reports the wind power forecasting curve to the power system dispatching agency, it should also report the forecasting... For wind farms with the same operating capacity during the same time period, the reporting interval should be <=15 minutes.

6.2.3 Wind farms should automatically report their total operating capacity to the power system dispatching agency every 15 minutes.

The system automatically reports real-time wind measurement data from the wind farm to the power system dispatching agency every 5 minutes.

6.3 Predictive performance

6.3.1 The monthly average accuracy of the medium-term power forecast results for wind farms over the tenth day (217h~240h) should be no less than 70%.

The pass rate should be no less than 70%, and the monthly average reporting rate should reach 100%. The calculation method for wind farm power prediction performance is given in Appendix D.

6.3.2 The average monthly accuracy rate of day-ahead wind power forecasts for wind farms should be no less than 83%, and the average monthly pass rate of day-ahead forecasts should be greater than [missing information]. 83%, and the average monthly reporting rate should reach 100%.

6.3.3 The monthly average accuracy rate of the 4th hour prediction for ultra-short-term wind power generation results of wind farms should not be less than 87%, and the monthly average pass rate of the 4th hour prediction should be... It should be greater than 87%, and the monthly average reporting rate should reach 100%.

6.3.4 The wind power prediction system for wind farms should be able to predict power output in case of abnormal shutdowns such as wind farm power limitation, wind turbine failure, or maintenance. The function of predicting power.

6.3.5 When calculating the prediction accuracy during periods of power limitation in wind farms, available power should be used instead of actual power. The method for calculating available power is as follows. See NB/T 31055.

7.1 Reactive Power Supply

7.1.1 Reactive power sources in a wind farm include wind turbine generators, parallel capacitors, parallel reactors, static var compensators (SVCs), and static var compensators (SGCCs). Reactive power generators, synchronous condensers, etc.

7.1.2 The wind turbines installed in the wind farm should have a dynamically adjustable power factor within the range of 0.95 leading to 0.95 lagging. The wind farm must... Make full use of the reactive power capacity and regulation capabilities of wind turbine generators. When the reactive power capacity of wind turbine generators cannot meet the voltage regulation needs of the power system... When necessary, appropriate capacity reactive power compensation devices should be installed centrally at wind farms, and dynamic reactive power compensation devices should be installed if necessary.

7.1.3 In regions where wind power generation accounts for a high proportion of grid-connected power generation, wind farms should provide short-circuit capacity support, and synchronous condensers or other equipment may be added if necessary.

The capacity range should be determined through a special study, taking into account the actual connection situation of the wind farm.

7.2 Reactive power capacity configuration

7.2.1 The reactive power capacity of a wind farm should be configured according to the principle of basic balance between voltage levels and power zones, and should meet the requirements for maintenance backup.

Require 7.2.2 For wind farms directly connected to the public power grid, the configured capacitive reactive power capacity can compensate for the internal charging line when the wind farm is operating at full capacity.

The inductive reactive power of the main transformer and half of the inductive reactive power of the wind farm's transmission lines is sufficient to compensate for the wind power's reactive power.

The reactive power of the wind farm's own capacitive charging and half of the reactive power of the wind farm's transmission lines.

7.2.3 For wind farm clusters that are stepped up to a voltage level of 500 (750) kV and connected to the public grid via a 220 (330) kV wind power collection system The wind farm's configured capacitive reactive power capacity can compensate for the inductive reactive power of the on-site collection lines, main transformer, and wind farm when the wind farm is operating at full capacity.

The sum of all inductive reactive power of the transmission line, and its configured inductive reactive power capacity can compensate for the capacitive charging reactive power of the wind farm itself and the wind power. The total reactive power of the electric field's output line.

7.2.4 The type and capacity range of reactive power compensation devices configured for wind farms should be determined through a special study based on the actual grid connection situation of the wind farm.

7.3 Adaptability of reactive power compensation devices

7.3.1 Under normal grid operation conditions, the reactive power compensation device of the wind farm should adapt to various grid operation modes and operation control strategies. Require.

7.3.2 The dynamic reactive power compensation device in the wind farm shall be operated in accordance with the requirements in Table 2.

8.1 Basic Requirements

8.1.1 Wind farms shall comply with the provisions of GB/T 31464 and DL/T 1870, and shall be equipped with a reactive power voltage control system with reactive power regulation capabilities. And voltage control capability.

8.1.2 Wind farms should be able to automatically adjust their reactive power output (or absorption) according to instructions from the power system dispatching agency, thereby achieving grid connection.

The control of reactive power/voltage should have a regulation speed and control accuracy that meet the requirements of power grid voltage regulation.

8.1.3 Wind farms should have multiple reactive power control modes, including voltage control, power factor control, and reactive power control, and be able to adapt to operational needs. The ability to switch control modes online is required.

8.2 Control Objectives

When the voltage of the public power grid is within the normal range, for wind farms connected to a public power grid with a voltage level of 220 (330) kV and below, the wind... The electric field should be able to control the grid connection point voltage within 97% to 107% of the nominal voltage; for voltage boosting via a 220(330)kV wind power collection system For wind farms in a wind farm cluster connected to the public grid at a voltage level of 500 (750) kV, the wind farms should be able to control the voltage at the grid connection point at the standard level. The voltage is within the range of 100% to 110%.

8.3 Main Transformer Selection

The main transformer of the wind farm substation should preferably be an on-load tap-changing transformer. The voltage within the wind farm should be regulated through the tap changers of the main transformer to ensure the wind power supply. The wind turbines in the electric field are operating normally.

8.4 Automatic Voltage Control

Wind farms should be able to automatically receive grid connection point voltage values or wind farm reactive power values from the power system dispatching agency, and coordinate control... The reactive power output of wind turbine generators, the reactive power output of wind farm reactive power compensation devices, and the tap position of the main transformer in wind farm substations are all realized. Reactive power and voltage regulation in wind farms.

9.1 Basic Requirements

Wind farms should possess fault ride-through capabilities, including low-voltage ride-through capability, high-voltage ride-through capability, and continuous ride-through capability, within the voltage testing range.

Within the designated area, wind turbines within the wind farm should operate continuously without disconnecting from the grid. Other equipment within the wind farm, such as reactive power compensation systems, should not deteriorate during fault periods. Grid fault level.

9.2 Low Voltage Ride

9.2.3 Control mode when the grid connection point voltage drops to 80% or more of the nominal voltage When a short-circuit fault occurs in the power system, and the positive sequence component of the grid connection voltage remains consistently higher than 80% of the nominal voltage, the wind farm should maintain normal operation. Active and reactive current control modes during operation.

9.2.1 Basic Requirements

The low-voltage ride-through requirements for wind farms are as follows (see Figure 1).

a) When the voltage at the grid connection point of the wind farm drops to 20% of the nominal voltage, the wind turbines within the wind farm should be guaranteed to operate continuously without disconnecting from the grid.

625 ms.

b) When the grid connection voltage of the wind farm can recover to 90% of the nominal voltage within 2 seconds after a voltage drop, the wind turbines in the wind farm... It should be ensured that it can operate continuously without disconnecting from the network.

9.2.2 Fault Types and Test Voltages

When different types of faults occur in the power system, if the test voltage at the wind farm's grid connection point is entirely within or above the voltage profile line in Figure 1... Within the grid, wind turbine units should be guaranteed to operate continuously without disconnecting from the grid; otherwise, wind turbine units are allowed to be disconnected.

9.3 High Voltage Ride

9.3.1 Basic Requirements

The high voltage ride-through requirements for wind farms are as follows (see Figure 2).

a) When the grid connection voltage of the wind farm rises to between 125% and 130% of the nominal voltage, the wind turbines within the wind farm should be guaranteed not to disconnect. Network continuously running for 500 ms.

b) When the voltage at the grid connection point of the wind farm rises to between 120% and 125% of the nominal voltage, the wind turbines within the wind farm should be guaranteed not to disconnect. The network runs continuously for 1 second;

c) When the grid connection voltage of the wind farm rises to between 110% and 120% of...