GB/T 12786-2021General technical conditions for automatic internal combustion engine power stations (English PDF)

4.1 Classification

4.1.1 According to the automation mode, power stations can be divided into. stand-alone automation, linkage automation, parallel automation, and grid-connected automation.

4.1.2 According to the control mode, the power station can be divided into. local automation and remote automation.

4.1.3 According to the switching time, the power station can be classified according to the requirements of GB/T 2820.12-2002, see Table 1, the typical types specified in Table 1. See Table 2 for examples. Table

1 Power stations used in special environments (such as chemical pollution, radiation, flammable gas, etc.) should be specified. In order to ensure the function and performance of the power station, the user should put forward relevant requirements and parameters to the power station manufacturer in the product specification, and its specific terms It should meet the requirements of GB/T 2820.7.

5.5 Appearance The appearance of the power station should meet the following requirements.

a) The welding should be firm, and the welding seam should be uniform, free of defects such as cracks, weld penetration, undercut, missing welding and pores; no residues such as welding slag and welding flux;

b) The outer surface of the car body (outer cover) should be flat;

c) The surface of the control panel of the power station should be flat, reasonably wired, safe, well-contacted, well-defined, neat and beautiful, and the color of the wire should conform to The provisions of GB/T 4026-2019.

d) The paint film of the painted part should be uniform without cracks, shedding, flow marks, bubbles, scratches, etc.;

e) The color of the outer surface of the box body (outer cover) should meet the requirements of the product specification;

f) The coating of the electroplated parts should be smooth, and there should be no leakage of plating spots, rust, etc.;

g) Fasteners should have anti-loose measures and no looseness;

h) The electrical wiring is reasonable, safe and tidy;

i) Fire-fighting facilities, appliances, spare tools and spare accessories should be fixed and installed firmly.

5.6 Structure

5.6.1 Dimensions The external dimensions of the power station should comply with the product specifications.

5.6.2 Quality The quality of the power station should meet the requirements of the product specifications.

5.6.3 Mechanical structure and installation The mechanical structure and installation of the power station should comply with the product specifications.

5.6.4 Electrical structure and wiring The electrical installation and wiring of the power station shall comply with the regulations of the corresponding drawings and circuit diagrams.

5.6.5 Interchangeability The components of the power station should maximize the use of standard parts and general electrical components; the removable parts and electrical components of the same model of power station, The device should be interchangeable.

5.7 Indication, control and protection devices

5.7.1 Indicating device The monitoring instrument carried by the power station engine is in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 2820.2-2009 and the corresponding product standard; the accuracy of the pointer instrument, etc. The level should not be lower than 2.5, and the accuracy level of the digital display instrument should be in accordance with the product specification, and should meet the following requirements.

a) Indication devices such as sound and light should work normally;

b) The pointer rotation of the monitoring instrument should be flexible and accurate;

c) The colors and markings of buttons, switches and indicators should be clearly defined in the product specifications and instructions for use according to their use.

5.7.2 Control device The control device and switchgear for power station shall be installed in accordance with the corresponding regulations of GB/T 2820.4-2009, and shall meet the requirements of product specifications.

5.7.3 Protection device

5.7.3.1 Electrical protection The power station has the following electrical protection devices.

a) The power station should have short-circuit protection devices. When a short circuit occurs at the output end of the power station, the protection device should be able to act quickly and reliably, and the power station has no damage. Short circuits in power stations include single-phase, two-phase and three-phase short circuits.

b) The power station should have an overload protection device. When the load current exceeds the overload current value specified in the product specification, the overload protection device should be Reliable operation within the specified time, and the power station should not be damaged.

c) Power stations that need to be operated in parallel or connected to the grid should be equipped with reverse power protection devices.

d) The power station with a rated voltage greater than 3000V should have a differential protection device. When the generator's internal fault occurs, it can quickly cut off the fault. To prevent the expansion of accidents, the circuit is blocked.

e) Power stations with a rated voltage greater than 3000V should have generator rotor grounding protection devices. When the generator rotor is grounded at two points It should be able to issue an alarm with a short delay to protect the safety of the shafting of the power station and avoid magnetization in the power station.

5.7.3.2 Mechanical protection When faults such as low lubricating oil pressure, high coolant temperature, overspeed, etc. occur, but not limited to, the power station should be able to report according to the set value of the product specification. Alarm and/or shutdown.

5.7.3.3 Other protection The power station (when applicable) can be equipped with protection devices in accordance with the provisions of

7.4 of GB/T 2820.4-2009.Specific technical requirements and test The inspection method is in accordance with the product specification.

5.8 Startup requirements and loading

5.8.1 Start and load at room temperature The power station is under normal temperature (not lower than 5°C for non-supercharged diesel power station, not lower than 10°C for supercharged diesel power station, not lower than -10°C for gasoline power station) No more than 3 starts should be successful. The start time interval is not more than 20s. It should be able to carry rated load within 3min after successful start run.

5.8.2 Low temperature start and load Power stations used at low temperatures should have low temperature start-up measures. When the ambient temperature is -40°C (or -25°C), the power is not more than 250kW The power station should be able to start smoothly within 30 minutes. After the start-up, the power station should be able to work normally with the specified load within 3 minutes; for power greater than For a 250kW power station, the start-up time and load working time at low temperatures are in accordance with the product specifications.

5.9 Automation requirements

5.9.1 Automatically maintain the state of ready operation The oil pressure, oil temperature, and cooling water temperature during emergency startup and rapid loading of the power station shall comply with the product specifications.

5.9.2 Automatic start The automatic start of the power station meets the following requirements.

a) After receiving the start command of automatic control or remote control, the power station should be able to start automatically; for category 3 and category 4 power stations connected in parallel with the power grid, When the grid voltage drops (in accordance with the provisions of Chapter 10 in GB/T 2820.12-2002) or the power supply is interrupted, the power station should be able to start automatically; When the failure time of the common power supply system is less than 0.5s, the engine should not be started, except for Type 1 and Type 2 power stations.

b) When the automatic start of the power plant fails for the third time, a start failure signal should be issued. When a backup power station is provided, the program start system should be able to automatically start Pass the start command to the standby power station.

c) The time from the automatic start command to the power supply to the load should be specified in the product specification as required.

d) After the power station is automatically started, the first load is not less than 50% of the rated load if the rated power is not more than 250kW; For those with rated power greater than 250kW, follow the product specifications.

e) After the power station is connected to the rated load, it should be able to operate automatically and reliably.

f) The success rate of power station automatic start should not be less than 98%.

5.9.3 Automatic start of power supply and automatic shutdown After receiving a shutdown command from automatic control or remote control, the power station should be able to automatically shut down; for category 3 and category 4 power stations connected in parallel with the power grid, when the power grid is restored After normal, the power station should be able to automatically switch and automatically shut down, and the power grid will supply power to the load, and the shutdown method should be in accordance with

10.1 in GB/T 2820.12-2002 Regulations.

5.9.4 Automatic replenishment The automatic replenishment of the power station shall meet the following requirements.

a) The automatic replenishment of fuel, engine oil, and cooling water should comply with the product specifications.

b) Automatically charge the discharged battery to 80% of its rated capacity according to the time specified in Table 6. Table

6 Power station category 1 category 2 category 3 category 4 category Time AMC AMC < 10h < 6h

5.10.1 Electrical performance indicators

5.10.1.1 Performance levels and operating limits In order to ensure the important characteristics of voltage and frequency, the performance index of the power station should generally not be lower than the G2 level in Table 7, and its parameter definition can be See Chapter 3 of GB/T 2820.5-2009.The performance index of the power station category should not be lower than the regulations in Table 8. Table 7

a) Identification (or finalization) inspection;

b) Quality consistency inspection.

6.2 Inspection conditions

6.2.1 Inspection in the laboratory of the manufacturer Unless otherwise specified, all inspections should be carried out under the following conditions.

a) All inspections are carried out under the conditions (ambient temperature, relative humidity, and atmospheric pressure) of the manufacturer's inspection station at that time.

b) Instruments and meters used for inspection should have regular metrological verification qualification certificates.

c) The accuracy of the instruments and meters used for testing and measuring the following electrical parameters should not be less than. 1) Current. 0.5%; 2) Voltage. 0.5%; 3) Power. 0.5%; 4) Frequency. 0.5%; 5) Power factor. 0.5% (1.0%).

d) The factory inspection allows the use of 1.0-level accuracy instruments and meters for measurement.

e) All electrical indicators are assessed at the output end of the control panel of the power station.

6.2.2 Inspection under field conditions The power station is inspected under the conditions of the installation site, and the accuracy of the instrument used to measure electrical parameters is specified in the product specification or in the contract. The minimum shall not be lower than the provisions of GB/T 2820.6-2009.

6.3 Appraisal (type-setting) inspection

6.3.1 Timing of inspection Appraisal (or finalization) inspection should be carried out in one of the following situations.

a) When a new product is identified (or finalized);

b) When the product is transferred to the factory or production is resumed after 2 years of suspension;

c) When there are provisions in the contract or there are major changes in the results of the quality consistency inspection.

6.3.2 Inspection quantity Use two samples of the same model for identification (or finalization) inspection.

6.3.3 Qualification criteria The eligibility criteria usually consist of one or more of the following.

a) Order contract;

b) Product drawings and technical documents approved by prescribed procedures;

c) Number of this standard;

d) The cited national standards, industry standards, and corporate standards recognized by the contractor and the ordering party. When the above content is inconsistent, the priority order is a), b), c), d).

6.3.4 Qualified judgment When all the inspection items are qualified, the inspection result is determined to be qualified.

6.4 Quality consistency inspection

6.4.1 Inspection grouping The quality consistency inspection groups are as follows:

a) Factory inspection;

b) Type inspection.

6.4.2 Factory inspection

6.4.2.1 Timing of inspection When power station products are delivered.

6.4.2.2 Inspection quantity The number of inspected samples is all products.

6.4.2.3 Qualification criteria The eligibility criteria shall be in accordance with the provisions of 6.3.3.

6.4.2.4 Qualification judgment The eligibility criteria are in accordance with 6.3.4.

6.4.3 Type inspection

6.4.3.1 Timing of inspection In one of the following situations, group C inspection should be carried out.

a) When the design, process or material changes of the product are sufficient to affect the performance of the product;

b) When products that are produced infrequently (with an interval of two years or more) are re-produced;

c) Normally produced products of the same model have been produced for two consecutive years since the last inspection or when the cumulative total production number is greater than 50;

d) When the supplier and the buyer agree to supplement the test items.

6.4.3.2 Inspection quantity Take one sample (2 if required) from the products that have passed the factory inspection for type inspection.

6.4.3.3 Qualification criteria The eligibility criteria shall be in accordance with the provisions of 6.3.3.

6.4.3.4 Qualification judgment As long as one inspection result of the inspected product does not meet the requirements, a doubled number of products should be selected from the same batch of products to enter the item. Perform re-inspection. If it is still unqualified, the production of the product will be suspended. The item of the batch of products will be inspected one by one until the cause is found and the fault is eliminated, and the product is confirmed. Production can be resumed only after being qualified.

6.5 Inspection items The inspection items of the power station are listed in Table 17.