GB 13954-2009Warning lamps for police cars, fire engines, ambulances and engineering rescue vehicles (English PDF)

3.3 Ambulances

Special vehicles used for site medical rescue and auxiliary site medical rescue by emergency rescue and medical institutions as well as disease prevention and control institutions to transfer and rescue patients, or treat emergency epidemic and unexpected public health incidents.

3.4 Engineering rescue vehicles

Special vehicles and scene-commanding vehicles for flood prevention, water conservancy, electric power, mine, urban construction, traffic and railway departments to repair public utilities and rescue people's lives and properties.

3.5 Warning lamps

Lamps installed on police cars, fire engines, ambulances and engineering rescue vehicles to send out warning, alerting, danger or emergency signals.

3.6 Reference axis

A line which passes through the geometrical center of primary optical warning device and is parallel to the horizontal plane and vertical to the normal section of warning lamps.

3.7 Symmetry axis

A line which passes the central symmetry point of optical warning device and is parallel to the reference axis.

3.8 Primary optical warning device

Optical warning devices installed on the warning lamps to send out warning, alerting, danger or emergency signals.

Optical power

The total optical power in a unit solid angle; unit: cd·s.

3.15 Single warning lamps

Cylindrical or square warning lamps with a single primary optical warning device.

3.16 Complete warning lamps

Warning lamps consisting of primary optical warning device and secondary optical warning device, or primary optical warning device and illuminating light, or primary optical warning device, secondary optical warning device and illuminating light.

4.1 Classification

The warning lamps may be divided into warning lamps for police cars, fire engines, ambulances and engineering rescue vehicles respectively according to their different purposes.

4.2 Naming

The product model of warning lamps shall be named according to the following structure and requirements: […]

5.3 Optical warning devices

5.3.1 Type of optical warning devices

The gas discharge lamp, light emitting diodes (LED) and filament lamps stated in GB 15766.1 may be adopted as optical warning devices of the warning lamps.

5.3.2 Luminous mode

The luminous modes of the primary optical warning device of warning lamps include rotation, frequency-flash, pulse, frequency-change and multi-lamp circulation.

5.4 Letters and symbols

There shall be clear and standardized letters or symbols on or nearby switch and press key to indicate their functions and on-off condition; the letters shall be in Chinese; if necessary, other language may also be used. Where fuse is used, the rated current of fuse shall be clearly indicated. The above-mentioned letters and symbols shall be clear and durable.

5.5 Electrical property

5.5.1 Power supply

Rated voltage of power supply for warning lamps: DC12V or DC24V.

The warning lamps at rated voltage shall be able to withstand polar inverse-wiring test for 1min. Except fuse, there shall be no other electrical fault.

If the opening and closing of warning lamps are controlled by soft switch; the standby current of warning lamps shall be less than 5 mA.

5.5.2 Conductor

The conductors used for warning lamps shall be in accordance with the requirements of GB/T 19666.

5.5.3 Wiring

The conductors inside warning lamps shall be provided with proper protection so as to ensure these conductors don't contact the components which may cause any damage on conductor insulation. Where the conductors need pass through metal holes, the metal holes shall be chamfered and shall be free from any sharp edge; non-metal

Noise

The noise of warning lamps shall be less than 55 dB(A) when operating at full load under rated voltage.

5.10 Power supply adaptability

For warning lamps with DC12 V rated voltage, the warning lamps shall be able to operate normally where powered by DC9.0 V~DC16 V voltage, and the luminous frequency shall be within the range specified in Article 5.8.1; where powered by DC9.0V voltage, the luminous intensity on the reference axis of each primary optical warning device for warning lamps shall not be less than 90% of those specified in Section 5.7.

For warning lamps with DC24 V rated voltage, the warning lamps shall be able to operate normally where powered by DC18 V~DC32 V voltage, and the luminous frequency shall be within the range specified in Article 5.8.1; where powered by DC18 V voltage, the luminous intensity on the reference axis of each primary optical warning device for warning lamps shall not be less than 90% of those specified in Section 5.7.

5.11 Dustproof property

Under dusty environment, there shall be no visible dust deposit inside the warning lamps and the luminous frequency of warning lamps shall meet the requirements of Article 5.8.1. The luminous intensity on the reference axis of primary optical warning device shall not be less than 80% of those specified in Section 5.7.

5.12 Waterproof property

The warning lamps in the rain shall be able to operate normally and the luminous frequency of warning lamps at rated voltage shall be within the range specified in Article 5.8.1.

5.13 High temperature resistance

The warning lamps, after rain test, shall be able to operate normally under high-temperature and high-voltage environment without any electrical fault. The luminous frequency shall be within the range specified in Article 5.8.1 and the enclosure shall be free from any softening, deformation and crack.

5.14 Cold resistance

Under low-temperature environment, the warning lamps shall be able to start up normally without any electrical fault. After start-up for 5min, the luminous frequency shall be within the range specified in Article 5.8.1. The enclosure shall be free from any deformation and crack.

5.15 Salt-mist corrosion resistance

The warning lamps, after salt-mist corrosion test, shall be able to operate normally and the luminous frequency at rated voltage shall be within the range specified in Article 5.8.1. The retroreflector of all optical warning devices shall be free from light loss, fogging and rust. The metal pieces shall be free from any corrosion while the enclosure shall be free from deformation and crack.

5.16 Impact property

The warning lamps, after impact test, shall be free from unrecoverable structural deformation, mechanical damage, fastening component looseness as well as electrical fault; the lines, circuit boards and connectors shall be free from shedding and looseness. The warning lamps shall be able to operate normally during and after test; and the luminous frequency of warning lamps after test shall be within the range specified in Article 5.8.1.

5.17 Vibration resistance

The warning lamps, after vibration test, shall be free from unrecoverable structural deformation, mechanical damage, fastening component looseness as well as electrical fault; the lines, circuit boards and connectors shall be free from shedding and looseness. The warning lamps shall be able to operate normally during and after test; and the luminous frequency of warning lamps after test shall be within the range specified in Article 5.8.1.

5.18 Continuous operation reliability

The warning lamps shall be free from any fault after continuous operation for 200 h; the luminous frequency shall be within the range specified in Article 5.8.1.

5.19 Mechanical strength

The non-metal external surface of warning lamps, after steel-ball impact test, shall be free from crack, fissure and impairment.

5.20 Surface hardness

The surface hardness of lampshade of primary optical warning device shall not be less than 2H.

5.21 Artificial accelerated ageing resistance

The lampshade of primary optical warning device, after artificial accelerated ageing

6.3.2 Conductors

Visual inspection shall be carried out on conductors used for warning lamps; if necessary, test shall be performed according to the requirements of GB/T 19666.

6.3.3 Wiring

Visual inspection shall be carried out on wiring of warning lamps.

6.4 Chromaticity property test

If the light color of the primary optical warning device for warning lamps is the natural color of the optical warning device, the warning lamps shall be lightened continuously at rated voltage, and the chromaticity coordinate of the light color of warning lamps shall be tested, after the light becomes stable, according to the test methods specified in Chapter 5 of GB/T 8417-2003.

If the light color of the primary optical warning device for warning lamps is produced by the lampshade filtration, the chromaticity coordinate of the color of transmitted object exposed to CIE illuminant with close color temperature to the primary optical warning device, shall be tested according to the methods specified in GB/T 3979.

6.5 Luminous intensity testing

6.5.1 Testing environment and equipment

The dark room for testing shall meet the requirements of Section 6.1 in GB 4599-2007. The testing equipment shall meet the following requirements:

a) The testing distance for light distribution property shall be greater than 7.5 m and shall comply with the law that the illuminance is inversely proportional to squared distance.

b) The field angle between the illuminated face diameter of measuring instruments and the reference center of samples shall be between 10'~1°. The optical receiver shall meet the requirements of Grade-1 illuminometer. The response time valve of measuring instruments shall be able to satisfy the requirements of optical pulse test.

c) The measuring instruments shall be able to integrate luminous intensity based on time variation; the integration cycle shall not be less than 1 min.

6.6.2 Testing method

The warning lamps is lightened at rated voltage; the light signal of each primary optical warning device of warning lamps is translated, by optical probe, into electrical signal and input into the oscilloscope after the light becomes stable; the flash mode, luminous frequency, on time, off time and pulse interval shall be recorded.

6.7 Operate noise testing

6.7.1 Acoustic environment testing

The background noise for acoustic environment testing shall less than 30 dB(A).

6.7.2 Testing equipment

The sound level meter shall meet the requirements of GB/T 3785 and its accuracy grade shall be equivalent to or superior to Grade I.

6.7.3 Testing method

The warning lamps are placed at a position for normal operation, powered by rated voltage, and operate at full load.

As for single warning lamps, the maximum sound pressure level shall be measured, at 2 m from the center of the optical warning device, on the reference axis of primary optical warning device; as for complete warning lamps, the maximum sound pressure level shall be measured, at 2 m from the geometrical center of lamps, on the line which passes through the geometrical center of lamps and is parallel to the reference axis. The sound level meter for measurement shall be arranged at the right ahead of warning lamps; then, it shall be arranged at the right astern of warning lamps; the larger value of the two test results shall be taken.

6.8 Power supply adaptability testing

For warning lamps with DC12 V rated voltage, DC9 V and DC16 V operating voltage shall be imposed on them to inspect whether the warning lamps can operate normally, and to test the luminous intensity and luminous frequency on the reference axis of primary optical warning device at DC9 V as well as the luminous frequency of the primary optical warning device at DC16 V.

For warning lamps with DC24 V rated voltage, DC18 V and DC32 V operating voltage shall be imposed on them to inspect whether the warning lamps can operate normally,

Cold test

Inside cold test chamber with -40 ±3 test temperature. After 4h, the warning lamps are started up at rated voltage; after 5 min, the luminous frequency of the primary optical warning device shall be tested and the warning lamps shall be placed continuously for 2h. The condition of warning lamps shall be inspected and recorded during and after test.

6.13 Salt mist test

6.13.1 Test equipment

The salt mist test chamber shall meet the requirements of GB/T 2423.17.

6.13.2 Test method

The warning lamps at non-operating condition are placed, at a normal operating position, inside salt mist test chamber, with 35 ±2 test temperature. The concentration of salt mist solution in mass percentage is 5%±0.1%; the sedimentation rate of salt mist is 1.0 mL/(h·80 cm²)~2.0 mL/(h·80 cm²); the warning lamps shall be sprayed for 15 min every 45 min within 96 h. After test, the warning lamps shall be placed at room temperature for 1h; then, the sediment on the sample surface shall be cleaned up with running water.

After test, visual inspection shall be carried out on the retroreflectors and metal components of lamps; the lamps shall be energized to inspect their operating condition.

6.14 Impact test

The warning lamps under operating condition shall be fastened and installed, at a normal operating position, on impact test platform so as to continuously impact, at 98 m/s² peak acceleration and with half sine pulse of 16 ms pulse duration, the warning lamps vertically for 1000 times. The condition of warning lamps shall be inspected and recorded during and after test.

6.15 Vibration test

6.15.1 Test equipment

The vibration test platform shall meet the requirements of GB/T 2423.10.

6.15.2 Test method

The warning lamps are fixed, at a normal operating condition, on the vibration test platform so as to vibrate front and back, right and left, with 10 Hz~35 Hz vibration

7.2 Safety requirements

7.2.1 The installation of warning lamps shall not affect the structural strength and electrical safety of vehicles.

7.2.2 The fuse at the positive pole of power circuits for warning lamps shall be arranged at one end of the positive pole of storage battery for vehicles and shall be less than 200mm from the connecting end of storage battery.

7.2.3 The warning lamps for small vehicles can only be installed on the car top. The distance between lamp top plane and vehicle top plane shall be less than 370 mm and the length shall less than the width of vehicles. The warning lamps for large vehicles shall be installed around the vehicle top; the distance from any edge of warning lamps to the signal and lighting fixtures of vehicles shall not be less than 80 cm and shall be installed symmetrically by color.

8.1 Inspection classification

The inspection on warning lamps is divided into type inspection, delivery inspection and confirmation inspection.

8.2 Type inspection

8.2.1 Inspection conditions

The type inspection on warning lamps shall be carried out under the following circumstances:

- Trial production of newly-designed products;

- Change in production or manufacturer;

9.1.2 External packing marking

The external packing of warning lamps shall be indicated with the following details:

- Product name in Chinese, type/model, rated voltage, type of primary optical warning device as well as luminous intensity grade;

- Manufacturer's name, detailed address, product origin and trademark;

- Product number or batch number;

- Executive standard number and name.

9.2 Inspection certificates

Each warning lamp for exit-factory shall be provided with product inspection certificates which shall include the following details:

- Product name and type;

- Manufacturer's name or trademark;

- Inspection conclusion and inspection date;

- Inspector's identification.

9.3 Packing

The packing box shall meet the dampproof, dustproof and shockproof requirements.

Each packing box shall be provided with instructions for use, warranty card, product […]