GB/T 45839-2025General technical requirements for networking of self-contained fire detection and alarm devices (English PDF)

Foreword

GB/T 45839-2025 was issued on 30 May 2025 by the State Administration for Market Regulation and the Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China, and has been in force since 1 June 2026. The /T in the designation marks it as a recommended national standard. It is a first edition.

This document was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2020 Directives for standardization - Part 1: Rules for the structure and drafting of standardizing documents.

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. The issuing body of this document shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

This document was proposed by the National Fire and Rescue Administration and is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee on Fire Protection of Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC 113).

Drafting organizations: Shenyang Fire Research Institute of the Ministry of Emergency Management, Liaoning Provincial Fire and Rescue Corps, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Jade Bird Fire Co., Ltd., Shenzhen Taihe'an Technology Co., Ltd., Zhongxiaolian (Shenzhen) Smart Fire Innovation Technology Co., Ltd., Qingdao Topscomm Fire Safety Co., Ltd., Xi'an Shengsaier Electronics Co., Ltd., Beijing Lida Huaxin Electronics Co., Ltd., Shandong Longcheng Fire Technology Co., Ltd.

1 Scope

China's national standard for joining self-contained fire alarms into a network. A self-contained smoke or heat alarm, or a household gas detector, is built to work alone: it senses, it sounds, and nobody outside the room knows. That is enough when someone is at home and awake, and it is not enough in rented rooms, small shops, old residential blocks and the homes of elderly people living alone, which is where these devices are most often installed precisely because a full fire alarm system is not. Networking the alarms over a wireless link lets the alarm reach an on-site platform, a manufacturer's remote management platform, a central platform run by the authorities and the phones of the owner, the property manager and the maintenance staff. The standard classifies such networks by architecture, direct access or aggregated access through a transceiver, and by the power supply of the field devices, and specifies the requirements for the devices, the transceiver, fire and fault alarm functions, wireless communication, power supply, the platforms and the mobile software, insulation, electric strength and electromagnetic compatibility, with normative annexes on the network architecture, the device identity code, wireless testing and the HTTPS API data format that lets platforms from different makers exchange data. Its first rule is that the network must never weaken the alarm: an open circuit, a short circuit or a failure of the network function shall not affect the device's own alarm. It is used by manufacturers, platform operators, fire authorities and testing bodies.

This document specifies the classification of and requirements for networking systems of self-contained fire detection and alarm devices.

This document applies to the construction and operation of networks of self-contained fire detection and alarm devices.

2 Normative references

The contents of the following documents constitute indispensable provisions of this document through normative references in the text. For dated references, only the edition corresponding to that date applies to this document. For undated references, the latest edition (including all amendments) applies to this document.

GB 4717 Fire alarm control units.

GB 14287.2 Electrical fire monitoring system - Part 2: Residual current electrical fire monitoring detectors.

GB 14287.3 Electrical fire monitoring system - Part 3: Temperature sensing electrical fire monitoring detectors.

GB 14287.4 Electrical fire monitoring system - Part 4: Arc fault detectors.

GB 15322.1 Combustible gas detectors - Part 1: Point-type combustible gas detectors for industrial and commercial use.

GB 15322.2 Combustible gas detectors - Part 2: Household combustible gas detectors.

GB 19880 Manual fire alarm call points.

GB 20517 Self-contained smoke alarms.

GB 22370 Household fire safety system.

GB 26851 Fire alarm sounders and/or visual alarm devices.

GB 30122 Self-contained heat alarms.

3 Terms and definitions

The following terms and definitions apply to this document.

3.1 networking of self-contained fire detection and alarm devices - a fire monitoring and early warning system formed, wholly or partly by wireless communication links, of field devices such as self-contained fire detection and alarm devices, manual fire alarm call points, transceivers, fire alarm sounders and/or visual alarm devices and loudspeakers/public address, together with household fire safety systems, on-site platforms and remote management platforms. NOTE Self-contained fire detection and alarm devices include self-contained smoke alarms, self-contained heat alarms, self-contained combustible gas detectors, household combustible gas detectors and self-contained electrical fire monitoring detectors.

3.2 alarm trigger device - a device that sends an alarm signal to the platform by sensing changes in physical or chemical phenomena of the monitored object that are related to fire and fire risk. NOTE Alarm trigger devices include self-contained fire detection and alarm devices and manual fire alarm call points.

3.3 on-site platform - a management terminal in the protected area on site that receives and processes, directly or indirectly, the information of the devices and has independent control output functions such as issuing fire alarm signals. NOTE The on-site platform may be replaced by a fire alarm control unit or by the monitoring equipment of a control centre.

3.4 remote management platform - a terminal outside the protected area on site that receives and processes the information of the networking system and performs comprehensive management. NOTE Remote management platforms include the remote management platform for the manufacturer and the remote management platform for the management authority.

3.5 remote management platform for manufacturer - a terminal outside the protected area used by a manufacturer to manage the networking system products it has produced.

3.6 remote management platform for management authority - a terminal outside the protected area used by a management authority to manage networking systems of self-contained fire detection and alarm devices.

3.7 collection and transmission device (transceiver) - a device in the networking system used to collect and forward the information of the alarm trigger devices (or household fire safety systems), fire alarm sounders and/or visual alarm devices and loudspeakers/public address in the protected area on site.

3.8 identification code; ID - the unique identity code of each device in the networking system.

4 Classification

4.1 According to the network architecture (as required by Annex A), networking systems of self-contained fire detection and alarm devices (hereinafter referred to as systems) are divided into: a) direct access type, in which the field devices communicate with the on-site platform without passing through a transceiver; b) aggregated access type, in which the field devices communicate with the on-site platform through a transceiver.

4.2 According to the power supply, the field devices of the system may be divided into: a) internal battery powered only; b) external power supply only; c) external power supply with internal battery. NOTE The external power supply only type is limited to self-contained combustible gas detectors, household combustible gas detectors and self-contained electrical fire monitoring detectors.