GB/T 37977.51-2023Electrostatics - Part 5-1: Protection of electronic devices from electrostatic phenomena - General requirements (English PDF)

Foreword

This document was issued on 6 August 2023 by the State Administration for Market Regulation; Standardization Administration of the PRC and takes effect on 1 March 2024.

It is a GB/T standard: recommended rather than compulsory, but it is the text a Chinese reviewer applies when assessing a submission.

It is classified under ICS 17.220.20, Chinese classification L06.

This document complies with the provisions of GB/T 1.1-2020 "Standardization Work Guidelines Part 1.Structure and Drafting Rules of Standardization Documents"

Drafting.

This document is Part 5-1 of GB/T 37977 "Electrostatics". GB/T 37977 has released the following parts.

---Part 2-1.Test methods Materials and products electrostatic charge dissipation ability;

---Part 2-3.Test methods for resistance and resistivity of antistatic solid planar materials;

---Part 3-2.Simulation method of electrostatic effects and electrostatic discharge test waveform of machine model (MM);

---Part 4-8.Standard test methods for electrostatic discharge shielding bags in specific applications;

---Part 5-1.General requirements for electrostatic protection of electronic devices.

This document is equivalent to IEC 61340-5-1.2016 "Electrostatics Part 5-1.General requirements for electrostatic protection of electronic devices".

Please note that some content in this document may be subject to patents. The publisher of this document assumes no responsibility for identifying patents.

This document is proposed and administered by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People's Republic of China.

This document was drafted by. China Electronics Technology Standardization Institute, Shenzhen Great Wall Development Technology Co., Ltd., Suzhou Tianhua Super Purification Technology

Technology Co., Ltd., Suzhou Fulang Optical Materials Co., Ltd., Shenzhen Hengdayang Electrostatic Technology Co., Ltd., Shenzhen Zhongming Technology Co., Ltd.

Co., Ltd., Kuaike Intelligent Equipment Co., Ltd., Foshan Shunde Tepugao Industrial Co., Ltd., Shanghai Maritime University, China Electronic Instruments

Industry associations, Beijing Oriental Measurement and Testing Institute, China Institute of Standardization, Information Industry Anti-static Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Center.

The main drafters of this document. Cai Lihua, Zhang Haibei, Wang Ronggang, Zhang Jingchun, Liu Qingsong, Han Lingling, Qi Guoqiang, He Xianpei, Sun Keping,

Sun Yanlin, Ji Qizheng, Guo Dehua, Hou Pengfei, Song Jingnan, Sha Changtao.

Introduction

The GB/T 37977 series of standards are basic standards for electrostatics. They all adopt the IEC 61340 series of international standards to define electrostatic effects.

Simulation methods, anti-static parameter testing methods for anti-static materials and products, standard test methods in specific applications, electrostatic protection of electronic devices

Protect etc. The GB/T 37977 series of standards is planned to consist of 11 parts, consistent with the structure of the IEC 61340 series of standards.

---Part 2-1.Test methods for electrostatic charge dissipation capabilities of materials and products. The purpose is to specify test methods for testing insulation

and the static charge dissipation capabilities of static dissipative materials and products.

---Part 2-3.Test methods for resistance and resistivity of antistatic solid planar materials. The purpose is to specify test methods for measuring

Test the resistance and resistivity of the anti-static solid planar material. The applicable range of the measured resistance is 104ohm~1012ohm.

---Part 3-1.Simulation method of electrostatic effects and electrostatic discharge test waveform of human body model (HBM). The purpose is to specify

Basic requirements for electrostatic discharge current waveforms used to simulate HBM and the equipment used to generate and verify these waveforms.

---Part 3-2.Simulation method of electrostatic effects and electrostatic discharge test waveform of machine model (MM). The purpose is to specify

Basic requirements for simulating electrostatic discharge current waveforms of MM and the equipment used to generate and verify these waveforms.

---Part 4-1.Standard test methods Resistance of floor coverings and assembled floors in specific applications. The purpose is to specify the test

This test method is used to test the resistance of floor coverings and assembled floors, including ground resistance, point-to-point resistance and vertical resistance. It is

The applicable range of resistance measurement is 104ohm~1013ohm.

---Part 4-3.Standard test methods for footwear in specific applications. The purpose is to specify test methods for testing anti-static shoes

The resistance.

---Part 4-5.Standard test methods for characterization of electrostatic protection characteristics of human/shoe/ground systems in specific applications. The purpose is

It is a prescribed test method for evaluating the anti-static performance of the person/shoe/ground system.

---Part 4-6.Standard test methods for wristbands in specific applications. The purpose is to clarify the electrical and mechanical performance requirements of the wristband,

and experimental methods for testing these properties.

---Part 4-8.Standard test methods for electrostatic discharge shielding bags in specific applications. The purpose is to provide evaluation of electrostatic discharge screens

Test method for bag performance.

---Part 4-9.Standard test methods for clothing in specific applications. The purpose is to specify test methods for testing anti-static clothing

installed resistor.

---Part 5-1.General requirements for electrostatic protection of electronic devices. The purpose is to establish anti-static management and technical requirements to avoid or

Reduce damage to electronic products due to electrostatic discharge.

This document is Part 5-1, covering manufacturing, processing, assembly, installation, packaging, labeling, service, testing, inspection, transportation and other

Handling sensitivity to electrostatic discharge (ESD) not less than Human Body Model (HBM) 100V, Charged Device Model (CDM).200V and isolated conductors

Requirements for designing, establishing, implementing and maintaining electrostatic control procedures for 35V electrical and electronic components, assemblies and equipment. isolated conductor

It was represented by machine model (MM). The limit value of 35V is related to the control level that can be achieved by the ionization static eliminator specified in this document.

Product approval inspection no longer requires the MM test, only the HBM and CDM tests are required. This document retains the MM test only for isolated purposes.

Control procedures for vertical conductors.

Any contact and physical separation of materials, or the flow of solids, liquids, or particulate-containing gases will generate static electricity and is a common source of electrostatic discharge

Including the charged human body, conductors, commonly used polymer materials and processing equipment, ESD damage will occur in the following situations.

---Contact of charged persons or objects with electrostatic discharge sensitive (ESDS) products;

---ESDS products are exposed to electrostatic fields and in direct contact with highly conductive surfaces;

---Electric ESDS products are in surface contact with other conductors with different potentials. The surface of the conductor may or may not be grounded.

ESDS products include microcircuits, discrete semiconductors, thick film and thin film resistors, hybrid devices, printed circuit boards and piezoelectric crystals. Profitable

Use an ESD simulator to apply electrostatic discharge to the product to evaluate the product's electrostatic sensitivity. Susceptibility testing using an ESD simulator

The obtained ESD sensitive voltage does not completely represent the ESD sensitive voltage threshold of the device in the real environment. But this level of sensitivity can be exploited

Establish a baseline to compare the static sensitivity levels of similar products from different manufacturers. Certification of electronic devices using three different electrostatic models

Type---Human Body Model (HBM), Machine Model (MM) and Charged Device Model (CDM). In fact, currently only HBM and

CDM trial.

This document covers the requirements for setting up ESD control procedures when handling ESDS products. These requirements are based on military and commercial experience.

The basic ESD control principles serve as the basis of this document, as follows.

---Prevent charged and conductive objects (personnel, especially automated equipment) from discharging ESDS products. This can be done by adding all imports in the environment to

It is achieved by accessing or electrically connecting objects (including personnel) to a known grounding point or a dedicated grounding point (such as a ship or aircraft). This connection is established

Equipotential balance is established between all conductive objects and persons. As long as all conductive objects in the system have the same potential, static electricity protection

protection can be maintained at a level not equal to "zero" volts to ground potential.

---Avoid the discharge of any electrostatically charged ESDS products. Direct contact, separation or electrostatic field induction can cause ESDS products

Bring static electricity. Insulating materials that must be used in the environment cannot discharge static charges through grounding, but can be neutralized and eliminated through ionization systems.

Static electricity on these insulating materials (such as circuit board materials and packaging of some devices). Evaluate necessary insulation materials for use in the workplace

Depending on the risk caused by static electricity, appropriate protective measures can be taken.

---Once you leave the anti-static work area (EPA), the above items become uncontrollable and ESD protective packaging is required. This can be done by

ESDS products are sealed in electrostatic protective materials to achieve ESD protection. The type of material depends on the environment and purpose of use. exist

Within the EPA, static dissipative materials can provide adequate protection; outside the EPA, electrostatic shielding materials should be used. Although in this document

Not all types of these materials are discussed, but it is important to recognize the differences in their applications. More information

See IEC 61340-5-3.

Each company has different processes and requires different anti-static measures to achieve optimal static control procedures. According to technical needs

It is important to select appropriate measures and document them in detail in the ESD control program outline so that all relevant personnel can ensure compliance with the program.

order requirements.

Training is an important part of the ESD control program to ensure that relevant personnel understand the equipment and processes used to comply with ESD control

Program Outline. Training can also effectively improve personnel's awareness and understanding of ESD issues. Untrained personnel are often

The main source of ESD risk, trained personnel will be an effective first line of defense against electrostatic damage.

Regular compliance verification inspections and tests are essential to ensure the effectiveness of the equipment and to ensure that the ESD control procedures are correctly implemented according to the outline.

important.

Electrostatics Part 5-1.Electrostatic protection of electronic devices

common enquiries

1 Scope

GB/T 37977.51-2023 covers the electrostatic discharge control program that protects electronic devices while they are manufactured, processed, assembled, packaged, tested, serviced and transported — the general requirements for such a program, the ESD coordinator who owns it, and the tailoring that lets a plant justify leaving a clause out. The management side comes first: the outline of the control program, the training plan, product qualification of the items the program relies on, and the compliance verification plan that checks the controls still hold months after they were installed. The technical side follows, with the grounding and equipotential bonding system that ties everything to one reference, personnel grounding, the protected area and the rules for handling sensitive products and for what may be brought into it, the treatment of insulators inside that area, packaging, and marking. Appendix A is normative and carries the test method. The reason for all of it is that a discharge too small for a person to feel can damage a junction without stopping the part working, so the assembly passes final test and fails later at the customer, where the cause can no longer be traced to a bench. It reaches devices sensitive from Human Body Model 100 V and Charged Device Model 200 V upward. Written for electronics manufacturers, contract assemblers, and quality auditors.

This document specifies the requirements for ESD control procedures, and IEC TR61340-5-2 provides relevant implementation guidelines.

This document is applicable to electrostatic sensitivity not less than Human Body Model (HBM) 100V, Charged Device Model (CDM).200V and isolated conductors.

Manufacturing, processing, assembly, installation, packaging, marking, service, testing, inspection and transportation of electrical and electronic components, assemblies and equipment with 35V

and other production activities. When dealing with ESD-sensitive products with lower ESD-sensitive voltage thresholds, additional control requirements can be added as needed.

elements or adjusted limits may still be considered to comply with the requirements of this document.

This document does not apply to electrical explosive devices, flammable liquids, gases and powders.

The purpose of this document is to provide administrative and technical requirements for establishing, implementing, and maintaining an ESD control program (hereinafter referred to as the "Program").

Note. Isolated conductors have been represented by machine models (MM).

2 Normative reference documents

The contents of the following documents constitute essential provisions of this document through normative references in the text. Among them, the dated quotations

For undated referenced documents, only the version corresponding to that date applies to this document; for undated referenced documents, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to

this document.

IEC 61340-2-3 Electrostatics Part 2-3.Test methods for resistance and resistivity of antistatic solid planar materials (Electrostat-

Note. GB/T 37977.23-2019 Electrostatics Part 2-3.Test methods for resistance and resistivity of antistatic solid planar materials (IEC 61340-2-3.

2000,IDT)

IEC 61340-4-1 Electrostatics Part 4-1.Standard test methods Electrostatics of floor coverings and assembled floors in specified applications

IEC 61340-4-3 Electrostatics Part 4-3.Standard test methods for footwear in specific applications (Electrostatics-Part 4-3.

IEC 61340-4-5 Electrostatics Part 4-5.Standard test method for specific applications Electrostatic protection characteristics of man/shoe/ground systems

IEC 61340-4-6 Electrostatics Part 4-6.Standard test methods for wrist straps in specific applications (Electrostatics-Part 4-6.

IEC 61340-4-7 Electrostatics Part 4-7.Standard test methods for specific applications Ionization (Electrostatics-

IEC 61340-4-9 Electrostatics Part 4-9.Standard test methods for clothing in specific applications (Electrostatics-Part 4-9.

IEC 61340-5-3 Electrostatics Part 5-3.Electrostatic protection of electronic devices Characteristics and requirements for packaging of electrostatic discharge sensitive devices