GB/T 18488-2024Drive motor systems for electric vehicles (English PDF)

1 Scope

China's national standard for the drive motor system of an electric vehicle - the motor, the controller and the two working together. It specifies the model naming, the technical requirements, the test methods, the inspection rules, and the marking and identification of drive motor systems for electric vehicles, and it applies to the systems, to the drive motors and to the drive motor controllers; motors that only generate, and their controllers, may refer to it. The 2024 edition merges into one document what was previously split between a requirements part and a test methods part, which matters because in a traction drive the two cannot be separated - almost every requirement here is meaningless without the operating point, the duty cycle and the thermal state at which it is verified. A traction motor is not a industrial motor with a different label. It runs from a battery whose voltage sags under load and rises under regeneration; it must deliver peak torque from standstill and hold power to high speed, which is a far wider constant-power range than an industrial drive ever needs; it must produce and absorb torque in both directions of rotation; it is cooled by a system that is itself part of the vehicle; and it spends its life in a duty cycle of accelerations and regenerative braking rather than at a rated point. The standard therefore covers the general items and the input and output characteristics - torque and power against speed, efficiency mapped over the operating plane, overload capability - and then safety, environmental adaptability and electromagnetic compatibility, with the test chapter running to the same structure and taking the larger part of the document. Inspection rules cover consistency and type inspection, and the marking chapter covers the lead wires and terminals, the nameplates of motor, controller and integrated system, and the danger warnings. Issued and in force since 28 May 2024, it replaces GB/T 18488.1-2015.

This document specifies the model naming, technical requirements, test methods, inspection rules, marking and identification of drive motor system for electric vehicles. This document is applicable to drive motor systems, drive motors and drive motor controllers for electric vehicles. Vehicle motors that only have the function of generating electricity, and their controllers may take this document as a reference.

2 Normative References

The contents of the following documents constitute indispensable clauses of this document through normative references in the text. In terms of references with a specified date, only versions with a specified date are applicable to this document. In terms of references without a specified date, the latest version (including all the modifications) is applicable to this document.

GB/T 1971 Rotating Electrical Machines - Terminal Markings and Direction of Rotation

GB/T 2900.25 Electrotechnical Terminology - Rotating Electrical Machines

GB/T 2900.33 Electrotechnical Terminology - Power Electronics

GB/T 4208-2017 Degrees of Protection Provided by Enclosure (IP code)

GB/T 12673 Motor Vehicle Main Dimensions Measurement Method

GB/T 15089 Classification of Power-driven Vehicle and Trailers

GB 18384 Electrically Propelled Road Vehicles - Safety Specifications

GB/T 18655-2018 Vehicles, Boats and Internal Combustion Engines - Radio Disturbance Characteristics - Limits and Methods of Measurement for the Protection of On-board Receivers

GB/T 19596-2017 Terminology of Electric Vehicles

GB/T 21437.2 Road Vehicles - Test Method of Electrical Disturbances from Conduction and Coupling - Part

3 Terms and Definitions

The terms and definitions defined in GB/T 2900.25, GB/T 2900.33, GB/T 15089 and GB/T 19596, and the following are applicable to this document.

3.1 drive motor An electrical device that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy to provide driving force for the vehicle. This device also has the function of converting mechanical energy into electrical energy. [Source: GB/T 19596-2017, Definition 3.2.1.1.2.1, modified]

3.2 drive motor controller A device that controls the transmission of energy between a power source and a drive motor. NOTE. it consists of control signal interface circuit, drive motor control circuit, drive circuit and power electronic module, etc. [Source: GB/T 19596-2017, Definition 3.2.1.2, modified]

3.3 drive motor system A system installed on electric vehicles to provide driving force for vehicle driving and realize the mutual conversion between mechanical energy and electrical energy. NOTE. it includes drive motor, drive motor controller and auxiliary devices necessary for their operation. The auxiliary devices include transmission device integrated with the drive motor. [Source: GB/T 19596-2017, Definition 3.1.2.1.10, modified]

4 Model Naming

The drive motor, drive motor controller and integrated drive motor system shall have named models. See Appendix A for the naming.

8 Marking and Identification

8.1 Lead Wires and Terminals The externally visible power lines or terminals of the drive motor system shall have obvious markings. The markings shall comply with the stipulations of GB/T 1971.The outer sheath of cables and wire harnesses shall comply with the stipulations of GB 18384.The positive and negative poles of the DC bus interface of the drive motor system are respectively marked with "+" and "". The power lines or power terminals of the drive motor controller corresponding to each phase of the drive motor shall be consistent with the markings of the power lines or terminals of each phase of the drive motor.

8.2 Nameplate of Drive Motor The nameplate of the drive motor should include the following information.

a) Manufacturer's name;

b) Model, serial No. and name;

c) Main parameters. working voltage range, continuous power, peak torque and duration, peak power and duration, maximum working speed, insulation level and protection level.

8.3 Nameplate of Drive Motor Controller The nameplate of the drive motor controller should include the following information.

a) Manufacturer's name;

b) Model, serial No. and name;

c) Main parameters. working voltage range and protection level.