QC/T 533-2020Drive axle assemblies for commercial vehicles (English PDF)

3.1 Axle housing vertical bending static strength safety factor

The ratio of the vertical bending failure load to the fully loaded axle load of the axle housing.

3.4 Drive axle assembly maximum test torque

In the drive axle assembly test, the maximum torque applied at the input end.

3.5 Drive axle assembly gear supporting rigidity

The anti-deformation ability of the housing, driving and driven bevel gears, cylindrical gears in the drive axle assembly.

3.6 Saturated temperature

In the drive axle assembly temperature rise test, the temperature of lubricating oil measured at the last moment, when the change amplitude in the temperature of the lubricating oil is no greater than 0.5°C, and the time interval reaches 60min.

4.1 Axle housing vertical bending rigidity

When fully loaded with axle load, the maximum deformation per meter of wheelbase shall be no greater than 1.4mm.

4.2 Axle housing vertical bending static strength

Axle housing vertical bending static strength safety factor Kn: tractors shall be greater than 5, trucks and passenger cars shall be greater than 6.

4.4 Drive axle assembly temperature-rise

The upper limit of the saturation temperature difference is shown in Table 1; and the lubricating oil temperature-time relationship curve shall be smooth without sudden

4.5 Lubrication of drive axle assembly

The lubrication condition shall meet the requirements of product technical conditions.

4.6 Drive axle assembly noise

It shall meet the requirements of product technical conditions.

4.7 Drive axle assembly efficiency

It shall meet the requirements of product technical conditions.

5.1 Axle housing vertical bending rigidity

5.1.1 Test sample

5.1.1.1 The test sample shall be a non-independent suspension drive axle housing.

5.1.1.2 The test sample shall meet the requirements of the design drawing, and the quantity shall be no less than 1 piece.

5.1.3 Test method

5.1.3.1 Install the sample according to the actual load state, the loading position is the centre of the stress point where the axle housing bears the weight of the vehicle, and the fulcrum is the corresponding position of the axle housing wheel track.

5.1.4 Data processing

5.1.4.1 Under the fully loaded axle load, after subtracting the error value (the error is converted proportionally based on the distance between each measuring point and the fulcrum) caused by the rigidity of the fulcrum, the gap, etc. from the 3-deformation data

5.1.4.2 Calculate the ratio of the maximum amount of deformation of the axle housing (mm) to the wheel track (m) under fully loaded axle load.

5.1.4.3 Draw the deformation amount of each measuring point under the fully loaded axle load and the specified load (all need to subtract the error value caused by the fulcrum), and connect them into a line.

5.2 Axle housing vertical bending static strength

5.2.1 Test sample

The same as 5.1.1.

5.2.2 Test equipment and devices

Hydraulic servo test system or other devices capable of applying loads, force sensors, etc. The relative error of force measurement shall be within ±1%.

5.3.3 Test methods

5.3.3.3.3 Preload to the test load for 3 times, and start the test after unloading.

5.3.3.3.4 Carry out the number of tests specified in the technical requirements or until the sample is damaged. Record the number of tests at the end of the test and the condition of the sample.

5.3.3.1 Axle housing vertical bending fatigue

5.3.3.1.1 The test load waveform is a sine wave; the test load range of the axle housing of the tractor is (0.1±0.02) to 2.0 times the fully loaded axle load; and the test load range of the axle housing of freight cars and passenger cars is (0.1±0.02) to 2.5 times the fully loaded axle load. The test frequency shall be between 2Hz and 8Hz.

5.3.3.1.2 The sample installation requirements are the same as 5.1.3.1 and 5.1.3.2.

5.3.3.1.3 Preload to the maximum test load for 3 times, and start the test after unloading.

5.4 Drive axle assembly temperature-rise test

5.4.1 Test sample

5.4.1.1 The test sample shall meet the requirements of the design drawing, and the quantity shall be no less than 1 piece.

5.6.3 Test methods

5.6.3.1 There shall be no sound wave obstacles within 2m around the measuring point; and the height of the semi-axial centreline of the sample from the ground shall be no less than the tyre rolling radius.

5.9.3 Test methods

5.9.3.1 Take a sample for the gear support rigidity test; and record the test results. The test procedures are as follows.

5.9.3.1.1 The test input speed shall be no greater than 10r/min.

5.10.3 Test methods

5.10.3.1 Add lubricating oil according to the technical requirements of the product.

5.10.3.2 Make the output end speed of one of the wheel ends of the drive axle 0.

5.10.3.3 The test input speed shall be equivalent to 10km/h forward speed.

5.10.3.4 The input torque Md in the test is calculated according to Formula (4).

5.10.3.5 According to the torques of 15%Md, 30%Md and 60%Md, respectively, the differential shall be run-in for 1h; lubricating oil temperature control requirements are the same as the gear bending fatigue test in 5.9.3.3.2.

5.10.3.6 The formal test torque is Md. The test consists of multiple temperature rise-fall cycles.

5.10.3.7 Record the lubricating oil temperature, load operation time and total load operation time of each temperature rise-fall cycle during the formal test. When the time (loading time) in temperature rise stage of the temperature rise-fall cycle drops below the critical value (that is, when damage occurs), the test shall be stopped immediately.

5.10.3.7.1 For differentials whose planetary gears and planetary gear shafts are in direct contact.

5.10.3.7.2 For differentials with needle bearings between planetary gears and planetary gear shafts, the time in temperature rise stage (loading) shall be no less than 30min.

5.2.3 Test methods

5.2.3.1 Perform in accordance with 5.1.3.1~5.1.3.3.