HJ 2011-2012Technical specifications for pulp and paper industry wastewater treatment (English PDF)

3.1 Pulp and paper industry wastewater

Refers to the production of pulp from plants or waste paper, and the production of paper, cardboard and other products from pulp.

A general term for various wastewaters. The wastewater produced during the production of pulp by using plants or waste paper as raw materials is called pulping wastewater, Waste water produced during the production of paper, paperboard and other products from pulp as raw materials is called papermaking wastewater.

3.2 Raw material wastewater

Refers to the wastewater generated during the pretreatment of wood and non-wood fiber raw materials before pulping.

3.3 Cooking waste liquor

It refers to the high concentration liquid obtained by separating and extracting the plant raw materials after chemical preparation from the raw materials.

After alkaline cooking, the waste liquid is dark brown called black liquor; after acid pulping, the waste liquid is reddish brown, called red liquor.

3.4 Washing and bleaching wastewater washing screening and bleaching wastewater

Refers to wastewater discharged during slurry screening, washing and bleaching.

3.5 Paper white water from paper machine

Refers to the general term for water from various parts of the paper machine during the papermaking process.

3.6 Integrated wastewater integrated wastewater

Refers to all kinds of wastewater discharged into the integrated wastewater treatment project directly or indirectly related to production by the pulp and paper industry.

The general term is mainly prepared for wastewater, washing and bleaching wastewater, residual white water in paper machine, sewage condensate and domestic sewage in the plant.

3.7 Sludge

Refers to a mixture or colloid of solids and water produced during the processing of pulp and paper wastewater.

3.8 Pretreatment classification treatment

Refers to the pollution generated in the pulp and paper production process in order to reduce the comprehensive wastewater treatment load, recover water resources or useful materials.

The process of preliminary purification of wastewater with high dye content and high recovery value.

3.9 Primary treatment

Refers to the primary purification process based on solid-liquid separation measures such as sedimentation and air flotation in the comprehensive wastewater treatment project.

3.10 Secondary treatment

Refers to the purification process with biochemical treatment as the main body after the first-stage treatment in the comprehensive wastewater treatment project.

3.11 Tertiary treatment

Refers to measures such as coagulation sedimentation and oxidation in the comprehensive wastewater treatment project to further remove the secondary treatment and cannot be completely removed.

The purification process of pollutants.

4.1 Wastewater volume

4.1.1 The amount of wastewater can be calculated as follows.

Ji QQQ = (1)

Qi=sumqimi (2)

In the formula.

Q--combined wastewater volume (m3/d);

Qi--the amount of wastewater produced (m3/d);

Qj--Other wastewater volume (m3/d), including ground flushing water and domestic sewage, etc., should refer to GB 50015, GB 50336 such as standard determination;

Qi--The amount of wastewater produced by the unit product (m3/t product) can be determined by referring to Appendix A.1;

mi--Production of various types of pulp and paper products (t product/d), should be determined according to the company's production scale and product plan.

4.1.2 The maximum daily maximum wastewater volume is equal to the product of the maximum daily average (production design load) wastewater volume and the coefficient of variation, the coefficient of variation should be determined according to the production and wastewater discharge of the enterprise. If there is no relevant information, it can be taken as 1.1-1.4.

4.2 Wastewater quality

4.2.1 Wastewater quality can be calculated as follows.

WW ji × =

Wi=sumwimi (4)

In the formula.

C--Pulp and paper wastewater concentration (mg/L);

Wi--production wastewater pollutant load (kg/d);

Wj--Other wastewater pollutant load (kg/d) shall be determined with reference to GB 50014, GB 50336 and other standards;

Wi--The wastewater pollutant load (kg/t product) produced by the unit product can be determined by referring to Appendix A.2 and Appendix A.3;

4.2.2 The water quality of typical pulp and papermaking wastewater can be referred to Table 1.

Table 1 Typical water quality range of pulp and papermaking wastewater

Wastewater type

Water quality index

pH SS mg/L

CODcr

Mg/L

BOD5

Mg/L

AOX

Mg/L

Total nitrogen (3)

Mg/L

Ammonia nitrogen (3) Mg/L Total phosphorus Mg/L Chemical pulp (1) (4) 5-10 250-1500 1200-2500 350-800 2-26 4-20 2-5 0.5-2 Chemical mechanical pulp (1) (5) 6-9 1800-3800 6000-16000 1800-4000 0-3 5-10 3-5 1-3 Mechanical pulp (1) 6-9 850-2000 3200-8000 1200-2800 0-1 4-8 2-5 0.5-1.5 Waste paper pulp (2) 6-9 800-1800 1500-5000 550-1500 0-1 5-20 4-15 0.5-1 Deinked waste paper pulp (2) 6-9 450-3000 1200-6500 350-2000 0-1 3-10 2-6 0.5-1.5 Papermaking wastewater (2) 6-9 250-1300 500-1800 180-800 0-1 2-4 1-3 0.5-1 Explanation. (1) In addition to pH, the wood pulp takes a medium and low value, and the non-wood pulp takes a high value; (2) In addition to the pH, the domestic small paper machine takes a medium and low value, and the imported paper machine takes a high value; (3) the ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen indexes of the ammonia chemical pulp wastewater were 55-150 mg/L and 60-160 mg/L, respectively. (4) The quality index of chemical pulp is the chemical waste of pulping the index of product or resource recovery; (5) The chemical mechanical pulp water quality index is an indicator that the high-concentration pulping wastewater is not subjected to evaporative combustion treatment.

4.2.3 When the treated wastewater is reused for production, the concentration of wastewater pollutants should take into account the cumulative effect of pollutants in the recycled water.

5.1 General provisions

5.1.1 Pulp and paper enterprises should adopt clean production technology according to the production raw materials and product types, and try to recover energy and chemistry.

Products, fiber raw materials and other by-products improve wastewater recycling efficiency and reduce wastewater pollution load.

5.1.2 The pulping and papermaking wastewater treatment project should be based on the production situation and development plan of the enterprise, and implement the national industrial policy and line.

Industry pollution prevention technology policy, coordinating wastewater pretreatment and centralized treatment, existing and new (expansion, transformation) construction.

5.1.3 The drainage system of the plant area shall adopt the system of rain and sewage diversion, which is located in areas with high water protection requirements or environmentally sensitive areas.

The initial rainwater in areas with large ground pollution is intercepted, regulated and treated.

5.1.4 Wastewater discharged after treatment shall comply with the environmental impact assessment approval document, GB 3544 and the local standard of the place.

begging.

5.1.5 The pulping and papermaking wastewater treatment project shall be equipped with a secondary pollution prevention facility to ensure that malodor and noise are met.

Requirements for relevant environmental standards such as GB 14554 and GB 12348.

5.1.6 The wastewater discharge port shall be constructed in accordance with the Technical Requirements for Standardization and Remediation of Sewage Discharge Ports (Trial), and shall be set in accordance with GB/T 15562.1.

The required wastewater discharge port mark shall be installed and the continuous monitoring equipment for pollutant discharge shall be installed in accordance with the "Measures for Automatic Monitoring of Pollution Sources".

5.2 Construction scale

5.2.1 The construction scale should be comprehensively determined according to the existing water quantity, water quality and expected changes of wastewater, and wastewater treatment of existing enterprises.

The project should be based on the measured data. The wastewater treatment project of the new (expanded or modified) enterprise should be based on the type of raw materials, product category, the degree of treatment and recovery of the production process and recycled wastewater is determined by analogy or material balance.

5.2.2 The construction scale of the pulp and paper wastewater treatment project should meet the following requirements.

a) The wastewater treatment structure in front of the regulating pool, such as the grating channel, the water collecting well and the fiber recycling room, according to the maximum daily maximum flowmeter Count

b) The maximum daily average (production design load) of the wastewater treatment structures such as the biochemical pool and the secondary sedimentation tank in the adjustment tank and the following Flow calculation

c) The water reuse project should be based on the water quality, quantity and reuse of the available water, water balance and technical and economic analysis.

determine;

d) The sludge treatment and disposal project shall be calculated according to the maximum daily average (production design load) sludge volume.

5.3 Project composition

5.3.1 Pulp and paper wastewater treatment projects consist of main works, auxiliary works and production management facilities.

5.3.2 Main works mainly include wastewater pretreatment engineering, comprehensive wastewater treatment engineering, water reuse project, sludge treatment and Project, biogas utilization project and odor treatment project.

a) Wastewater pretreatment engineering includes preparation of wastewater pretreatment, mechanical pulp and chemical pulp wastewater treatment;

b) Integrated wastewater treatment projects include primary, secondary and tertiary treatment systems for wastewater;

c) the water reuse project includes a water reuse storage and distribution system;

d) sludge treatment and disposal projects include sludge reduction treatment and final disposal systems;

e) Biogas utilization projects include biogas purification, storage and utilization systems;

f) The malodor treatment project includes an odor collection and treatment system.

5.3.3 Auxiliary works include electrical, water supply and drainage and fire protection, heating and ventilation and air conditioning, building structures and other systems.

5.3.4 Production management facilities include office buildings, duty rooms, etc.

5.4 Site selection and overall layout

5.4.1 The site selection and overall layout shall comply with the relevant provisions of GB 50014, GB 50187 and GB J22 and meet the requirements.

Environmental impact assessment and requirements for approval documents.

5.4.2 The site selection should be planned in line with the overall layout of the enterprise, set in the downstream area of the enterprise drainage system, and meet the following requirements.

begging.

a) The plant area should be free from flood disasters and facilitate the collection and discharge of wastewater;

b) The plant area shall be arranged on the downwind side of the dominant wind direction in the summer of the nearby residents' living concentrated area;

c) The plant area should have good engineering geological conditions;

d) The plant area should be convenient for transportation and facilitate access to energy media such as water and electricity.

5.4.3 The overall layout shall be based on the functional and process requirements of the buildings and structures in the area, combined with the site's topography, climate and geography.

The quality conditions are determined by technical and economic comparison and meet the following requirements.

a) The general layout should be reasonable and compact, meet the requirements of construction, maintenance and management, and leave development and equipment replacement Room for;

b) The vertical layout should make full use of the original terrain, make the earthwork balance as much as possible, reduce the number of lifting, and reduce the running electricity.

Consumption

c) Buildings with large traffic volumes such as dosing rooms and sludge treatment rooms should be close to the road and away from areas where people frequently enter and exit.

area;

d) Facilities requiring fire and explosion protection, such as biogas utilization projects, should be installed in relatively independent areas and consider adequate protection distance;

e) Outgoing pipelines and maintenance venting facilities should be reasonably arranged to ensure that unqualified venting water or sludge is properly disposed of and disposal;

f) The setting of roads in the plant area shall meet the requirements for transportation, fire protection, greening and laying of various pipelines.

6.1 General requirements

6.1.1 Before the process design, comprehensively investigate the water quality, quantity and variation of wastewater, and conduct necessary analysis.

And experimentation.

6.1.2 The treatment technology with mature technology, high treatment efficiency, energy conservation and investment should be selected to ensure the stability of wastewater treatment project.

Constant, reliable and safe operation.

6.1.3 The biochemical treatment unit should be designed as two parallel lines.

6.2 Wastewater reduction technical requirements

6.2.1 Chemical pulp production systems should use energy and chemical recovery, recycling process water and other measures to reduce wastewater and pollutants.

Emissions.

6.2.1.1 Alkaline chemical pulp black liquor should be recovered by combustion alkali recovery technology, and the process design should conform to the national and industrial phase.

The standard is set and meets the following requirements.

a) Storage adjustment facilities for various concentrated liquids and high temperature liquids should be provided to effectively control the accidental discharge of pulping waste liquid and Emissions from accidents to ensure stable operation of the alkali recovery system;

b) The clean condensate produced by the alkali recovery system should be reused in pulp or paper production to reduce wastewater discharge;

c) The white mud produced by the alkali recovery system should be properly disposed and disposed of, and the white mud of the straw pulp alkali recovery should be comprehensively utilized.

For the production of refined calcium carbonate or flue gas wet desulfurization of internal boilers, the white mud produced by the wood pulp alkali recovery system shall be used.

The lime regeneration process produces lime or is used to produce refined calcium carbonate.

6.2.1.2 Ammonium sulfite method Chemical pulping waste liquid should be extracted by concentrating, drying and other techniques to extract lignosulfonate.

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