HJ 2004-2010Technical specifications for slaughterhouse and meat processing wastewater treatment projects (English PDF)

4.1 Contaminants

The main pollutants contained in the slaughter and meat processing wastewater include CODCr, BOD5, SS, ammonia nitrogen and animal and vegetable oils.

4.2 Wastewater volume

4.2.1 Amount of slaughter wastewater

The amount of slaughter wastewater can be calculated according to the following formula.

Q=q×S (1)

Where. Q--the amount of slaughter wastewater produced daily, m3/d;

q--The amount of animal waste water produced by slaughter, m3/head or m3/100;

S--The total number of animals slaughtered daily, head/d or 100/d.

The amount of animal waste water produced by the unit can be valued according to the data in Table 1 and Table 2.

Table 1 Production of animal waste water by unit slaughter (animals) Unit. m3/head

Slaughter animal type cattle, pigs and sheep the amount of animal waste water produced by the slaughter unit is 1.0-1.5 0.5-0.7 0.2-0.5

Table 2 Production of animal waste water by unit slaughter (avian) Unit. m3/100

Slaughter animal type chicken, duck, goose the amount of animal waste water produced by the slaughter unit is 1.0~1.5 2.0~3.0 2.0~3.0

4.2.2 The amount of wastewater from meat processing is related to the scale, type and process of processing. The amount of wastewater from a separate meat processing plant should be based on actual conditions.

The body should be determined, generally should not exceed 5.8 m3/t (raw meat), companies with split meat, chemical processing and other processes can increase drainage per 1 t of raw meat the amount of wastewater is 2 m3; when the meat processing plant and the slaughtering site are built, the amount of wastewater can be calculated according to the scale of the slaughterhouse and meat processing plant of the same scale.

4.2.3 When estimating the total wastewater discharge according to the total water consumption of the whole plant, the amount of wastewater should be 80% to 90% of the total water consumption of the whole plant.

4.3 Wastewater quality

The determination of wastewater quality should be based on actual monitoring data.

When there is no monitoring data, the water quality of the slaughter wastewater can be referred to Table 3. The water quality of the meat processing wastewater can be referred to Table 4.

Table 3 Water quality of slaughter wastewater design unit. mg/L (except pH value)

Contaminant index CODCr BOD5 SS Ammonia nitrogen animal and vegetable oil pH Wastewater concentration range 1 500~2 000 750~1 000 750~1 000 50~150 50~200 6.5~7.5

Table 4 Water quality design of meat processing wastewater. Unit. mg/L (except pH)

Contaminant index CODCr BOD5 SS Ammonia nitrogen animal and vegetable oil pH Wastewater concentration range 800~2 000 500~1 000 500~1 000 25~70 30~100 6.5~7.5

5.1 General provisions

5.1.1 The construction of the slaughtering and meat processing wastewater treatment project should conform to the relevant local planning, and reasonably determine the short-term and long-term, treatment and utilization.

Relationship.

5.1.2 The slaughtering and meat processing industry should actively adopt energy-saving emission reduction and clean production technologies, continuously improve production processes and reduce pollutant production.

Production and emissions to prevent environmental pollution.

5.1.3 When the effluent is directly discharged into the surrounding waters, the standardized sewage outlets shall be set according to the relevant provisions of the state and localities. Emission water quality should meet the country Relevant requirements for household, industry, and local emission standards and project environmental impact assessment approval documents.

5.1.4 should be based on the type of slaughterhouse and meat processing plant, construction scale, local natural geographical environment conditions, drainage destination and discharge standards Other factors determine the wastewater treatment process route and treatment objectives, and strive to be economical, rational, reliable, and stable.

5.1.5 The main wastewater treatment facilities shall be designed in parallel of not less than two grids or two groups, and the main equipment shall be considered for standby.

5.1.6 The wastewater treatment structure shall be equipped with an inspection and emptying facility, and the discharged wastewater shall be discharged after being treated to the standard.

5.1.7 Slaughter and meat processing wastewater treatment processes should include disinfection and deodorization units.

5.1.8 It is recommended that the conditional place can be used for advanced treatment of slaughter and meat processing wastewater to realize the utilization of wastewater resources.

5.1.9 The wastewater treatment plant (station) shall install wastewater online in accordance with the "Measures for the Automatic Monitoring of Pollution Sources" and the relevant regulations of local environmental protection departments.

Monitoring equipment.

5.2 Design scale

5.2.1 The design scale shall be determined after comprehensive consideration of the displacement under the conditions of production process, production volume and maximum production capacity.

5.2.2 The quantity and quality of wastewater should be based on the measured data. Refer to Table 1, Table 2, Table 3 and Table 4 for the lack of measured data.

5.3 Project composition

5.3.1 The wastewater treatment project mainly includes treatment structures, process equipment, supporting facilities and operation management facilities.

5.3.2 The treatment process mainly includes pretreatment, biochemical treatment, advanced treatment, malodorous pollution treatment and sludge treatment.

5.3.3 Process equipment includes mechanical grille, sewage pump, three-phase separator, aeration fan, aerator, sludge dewatering machine, etc.

5.3.4 Supporting facilities include power supply and distribution, water supply and drainage, fire protection, communication, HVAC, detection and control, and greening.

5.3.5 Operation management facilities include office buildings, analytical laboratories, warehouses, maintenance workshops, etc.

5.4 General layout

5.4.1 The general layout should meet the relevant provisions of GB 50187.

5.4.2 The terrain, geological conditions, surrounding environment, and buildings should be considered comprehensively according to the process flow and the functional requirements of each structure.

And the factors such as the spatial relationship between the facilities and each other, based on the current relevant technical specifications of the country, determine the overall layout of the wastewater treatment project.

Set. Reserve the site according to the long-term total processing scale and pay attention to the connection between the near and long term.

5.4.3 The wastewater treatment project should be arranged independently in the downwind direction of the main wind direction of the plant, and the layout of each treatment unit should be as compact as possible (small and medium scale) the wastewater treatment structure can be constructed in one piece, which is convenient for civil construction, equipment installation, simple connection of various pipelines and easy maintenance.

management.

5.4.4 The vertical design of the process and processing unit should make full use of the site topography to meet the smooth drainage, reduce energy consumption and balance the earthwork.

Other requirements.

5.4.5 Management and auxiliary buildings shall be provided, and the area shall be determined in accordance with the actual conditions such as the scale of the treatment project and the treatment process.

5.4.6 Storage materials, chemicals, sludge, waste residue, etc. should be set up as needed, and should not be stacked in the open air.

6.1 Process selection principle

6.1.1 Process selection should be based on the premise of continuous and stable discharge, and choose a mature and reliable wastewater treatment process.

6.1.2 The process flow and treatment should be determined according to the water quantity, water quality characteristics, emission standards, geographical characteristics and management level of the wastewater.

Standard.

6.1.3 Under the premise of meeting the discharge standards, the low-operation cost and technologically advanced treatment process are preferred. Processing process should be done as much as possible to automatic control.

6.1.4 Slaughtering and meat processing wastewater treatment should be based on biochemical treatment, combined with physical and chemical treatment, and in accordance with the national phase According to the policy requirements, the advanced treatment and reuse of wastewater should be considered according to local conditions.

6.2 Slaughter and meat processing wastewater treatment process

The typical process flow of the slaughter and meat processing wastewater treatment project is shown in Figure 1.

sludge

Wastewater grid grit chamber, grease trap, pool adjustment tank Anaerobic treatment of aerobic treatment Air float Advanced processing disinfection Sludge concentration tank Excess sludge Initial sink Municipal sewage treatment plant Standard discharge Anaerobic treatment of effluent Water reuse Discharge Sludge treatment Wastewater treatment Optional processing unit Recommended processing unit sludge Sludge dewatering Solid waste treatment Resource utilization or safe disposal

Figure 1 Typical process flow for slaughtering and meat processing wastewater treatment project

6.3 Wastewater treatment main unit

6.3.1 Pretreatment

The pretreatment part of the slaughter and meat processing wastewater project mainly includes. coarse (fine) grid, grit chamber, grease trap, collecting basin, regulation Pool and primary sinking pool, etc.

6.3.1.1 Grille

a) The coarse grid and fine grid should be set before the adjustment tank, and designed according to the maximum amount of wastewater.

b) When the amount of wastewater is large and there are many floating debris, a mechanical grill with automatic cleaning function should be used.

c) Special attention should be paid to the difference in the selection of fine grid equipment for the treatment of poultry and livestock slaughtering wastewater, which contains more feathers and other floating Special fine grids, hydraulic screens or screens must be provided for the objects.

6.3.1.2 Grit chamber

a) The grit chamber is located behind the grille and can be combined with the grease trap before the grease trap.

b) When using a flat flow grit chamber, the maximum flow rate should be 0.3 m/s, the minimum flow rate should be 0.15 m/s, and the hydraulic retention time should be 30~ 60 s.

c) When using a swirling grit chamber, the swirling velocity should be 0.6-0.9 m/s, and the surface load should be about.200 m3/(m2·h).

The interval should be 20 to 30 s.

6.3.1.3 Grease trap

a) Before the gutter pool is set up in the regulation tank, after the grit chamber, for the large and medium-sized wastewater treatment project, the grease trap should be equipped with eucalyptus oil.

Slag scraping facility.

b) The residence time of the advection grease trap is generally 1.5 to 2.0 h, and the residence time of the sloping oil isolation tank is generally not more than 0.5 h.

c) The meat processing plant wastewater with low oil content may not be separately provided with the grease trap according to the actual situation.

6.3.1.4 Water collection basin

a) When the buried depth of the workshop outlet pipe is large, in order to reduce the buried depth of the adjustment tank and facilitate construction, a collection basin should be provided.

b) The effective volume of the sump should be not less than the water output of the maximum working water pump of the pool for 5 min. The wastewater lifting pump should be selected according to the maximum water volume.

Type (3 to 4 times the average flow rate when the water volume change curve data), the number of starts per hour does not exceed 6 times.

c) Other technical requirements for the collection basin shall be implemented in accordance with the relevant provisions of GB 50014.

6.3.1.5 Adjustment pool

a) The effective volume of the regulating tank should be determined according to the production drainage law. If there is no relevant data, the effective volume should be based on the hydraulic retention time of 10~ 24 h design, with due consideration of accident emergency needs.

b) Agitating device should be installed in the regulating tank. Generally, submerged (submersible) stirring or air stirring can be used. When using liquid mixing, specific the stirring power should be determined according to the size of the pool body, generally 5~10 W/m3; when air is used, the required air volume (standard) State) is 0.6 to 0.9 m3/(h·m3).

c) In order to reduce the impact of odor, the adjustment tank should be covered, and ventilation, exhaust and deodorization facilities should be provided; the adjustment pool should be equipped with safety railings and inspection Repair the escalator.

d) The adjustment tank shall be provided with an empty sump, and the bottom of the pool shall be designed to flow to the sump, and the slope design shall be not less than 2%.

6.3.1.6 Initial settling pool

a) After the adjustment tank, the primary sedimentation tank should be set up, and the vertical flow sedimentation tank can be used. For projects larger than 3 000 t/d, radial flow sinking can be used.

Pond.

b) When using a vertical flow sedimentation tank, the width (diameter) depth ratio is generally not more than 3, and the pool diameter (or square side) should not be greater than 8 m.

The center flow rate when the reflector is not set should not exceed 30 mm/s, and the center flow rate when the reflector is set can be 100 mm/s.

c) The hydraulic retention time of the sedimentation tank should be greater than 1 h, but not more than 3 h; for other designs, refer to the relevant provisions of GB 50014.

6.3.1.7 Air float

a) Air floatation can be used as a regulating tank to remove dispersed oil, emulsified oil, fluff and fine suspended particles which are small in residual amount in wastewater.

An alternative technique for debris. For wastewater containing more oil and fluff meat processing, air flotation should be used to ensure Stable operation and processing effects of subsequent processing units such as anaerobic.

b) The design of air flotation can be carried out in accordance with the relevant technical specifications for wastewater flotation treatment.

6.3.2 Biochemical treatment

Biochemical treatment is the core of slaughtering and meat processing wastewater treatment projects, mainly to remove degradable organic pollutants and ammonia nitrogen in wastewater.

Type of pollutant. The biochemical treatment mainly includes anaerobic treatment and aerobic treatment.

6.3.2.1 Anaerobic treatment

The anaerobic process generally suitab...