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GB/T 46341-2025Fundamental technical requirements for flexible operating hydropower turbines under ultra-wide load (English PDF)

超宽负荷灵活运行水轮机基本技术条件

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Issued by

SAMR; SAC

Level / Type

National · Recommended

Issue date

October 5, 2025

Implementation date

May 1, 2026

Scope

GB/T 46341-2025 is the English-translated version of 超宽负荷灵活运行水轮机基本技术条件.

GB/T 46341-2025 is the Chinese standard "Fundamental technical requirements for flexible operating hydropower turbines under ultra-wide load". Its scope clause reads: This document specifies the main technical parameters and performance requirements, structural design, and supply scope of ultra-wide load flexible operation turbines.

The scope and interface, spare parts, factory inspection and testing items are specified, and the nameplate, packaging, transportation, storage, installation, operation, maintenance and verification are also outlined.

The regulations to be followed during the acceptance test, etc. This document applies to vertical shaft mixed-flow turbines capable of long-term, continuous, ultra-wide load, and safe and stable operation, meeting the regulation requirements of new power systems.

Hydro turbine. Suitable for both newly built hydroelectric power station shaft-mounted mixed-flow turbines and retrofitting/upgrading existing hydroelectric power station shaft-mounted mixed-flow turbines.

The products for upgrading and retrofitting water turbines include upgrading only the water turbine runner, and upgrading the water turbine runner together with other components.

This document provides guidance for the preparation of tender documents, design, manufacturing, installation, commissioning, and operation of ultra-wide load flexible operation hydro turbines, and for reference.

This document applies to ultra-wide load flexible operation turbine products that meet one of the following conditions. Other types of turbines (including retrofitted turbines) are excluded.

(For the water turbine group) can be implemented by reference. a) Vertical shaft mixed-flow turbine with a rated power >= 50 MW. b) Based on the characteristics of turbines at different head levels and the operational requirements of the unit, the following limits are set for the nominal diameter of the runner. --Vertical shaft mixed-flow turbines with a rated head <= 50 m and a runner nominal diameter D1 >= 4.0 m; For vertical shaft mixed-flow turbines with a rated head of <=100 m and a runner nominal diameter D1 >=3.5 m; --100 m < Rated head <= 150 m for vertical shaft mixed-flow turbines, with runner nominal diameter D1 >= 3 m; --Vertical shaft mixed-flow turbines with a rated head of <=200 m and a runner nominal diameter D1 >=2 m; --For vertical shaft mixed-flow turbines with a rated head >.200 m, the nominal diameter of the runner D1 >= 2 m.

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Document preview — GB/T 46341-2025

National Standard of the People's Republic of China

ICS: 27.140
Classification: K 55

Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation; Standardization Administration of the PRC

1.Scope1
2 Normative references1
3.Terms and Definitions2
3.1 Turbines capable of flexible operation under ultra-wide load conditions2
3.2 Turbine head2
3.3 Turbine flow rate3
3.4 Turbine speed3
3.5 Turbine power4
3.6 Turbine efficiency4
3.7 Main dimensions of the flow channel5
3.8 Cavitation, erosion, wear6
3.9 Turbine Test8
3.10 Pressure pulsation9
3.11 Leafway vortex, von Kármán vortex street9
3.12 Rotate for later use10
4.Main technical parameters and performance requirements10
4.1 General Requirements10
4.2 Main Technical Parameter Requirements12
4.3 Main Performance Requirements13
4.4 Performance of Major Components17
4.5 Working stress and safety factor17
4.6 Materials and Manufacturing Requirements19
4.7 Shaft stability requirements19
4.8 Static balancing of the rotor19
4.9 Guarantee against wheel cracks19
4.10 Reliability Indicators19
5.Turbine structural design and manufacturing process20
5.1 General Requirements20
5.2 Rotary wheel20
5.3 Spindle21
5.4 Spindle Seal21
5.5 Water-guided bearing21
5.6 Seat ring21
5.7 Snail shell21
5.8 Tailwater pipe21
5.9 Top cover22
5.10 Bottom ring and base ring22
5.11 Guide vanes and guide vane operating mechanism22
5.12 Guide vane relay22
5.13 Qi Replenishment System23
6.Basic Functions of the Turbine Control System23
7.Scope of supply and spare parts23
7.1 Scope of Supply23
7.2 Supplier Interface24
7.3 Spare parts and components24
8.Documents and Drawings24
8.1 Delivery time and quantity24
8.2 Major Projects24
9.Factory Inspection and Testing25
10 Nameplates, Packaging, Transportation and Storage26
10.1 Turbine Nameplate26
10.2 Packaging and Transportation26
10.3 Storage27
11 Installation, Operation, Maintenance and Acceptance Testing27
11.1 Installation and Trial Operation27
11.2 Operation and Maintenance27
11.3 Prototype Acceptance Test27
Appendix A (Informative) Reference Values for Turbine Pressure Pulsation Requirements under Different Heads28
Appendix B (Normative) Recommended Evaluation Area for Peak-to-Peak Value of Relative Vibration Displacement of Spindle29
Appendix C (Informative) Instruments for Basic Configuration of Hydropower Turbine Equipment30
References31

1 Scope

This document specifies the main technical parameters and performance requirements, structural design, and supply scope of ultra-wide load flexible operation turbines.

The regulations to be followed during the acceptance test, etc.

This document applies to vertical shaft mixed-flow turbines capable of long-term, continuous, ultra-wide load, and safe and stable operation, meeting the regulation requirements of new power systems.

The products for upgrading and retrofitting water turbines include upgrading only the water turbine runner, and upgrading the water turbine runner together with other components.

This document provides guidance for the preparation of tender documents, design, manufacturing, installation, commissioning, and operation of ultra-wide load flexible operation hydro turbines.

And for reference.

This document applies to ultra-wide load flexible operation turbine products that meet one of the following conditions. Other types of turbines (including retrofitted turbines) are excluded.

(For the water turbine group) can be implemented by reference.

a) Vertical shaft mixed-flow turbine with a rated power >= 50 MW.

b) Based on the characteristics of turbines at different head levels and the operational requirements of the unit, the following limits are set for the nominal diameter of the runner.

--Vertical shaft mixed-flow turbines with a rated head <= 50 m and a runner nominal diameter D1 >= 4.0 m;

For vertical shaft mixed-flow turbines with a rated head of <=100 m and a runner nominal diameter D1 >=3.5 m;

--100 m < Rated head <= 150 m for vertical shaft mixed-flow turbines, with runner nominal diameter D1 >= 3 m;

--Vertical shaft mixed-flow turbines with a rated head of <=200 m and a runner nominal diameter D1 >=2 m;

--For vertical shaft mixed-flow turbines with a rated head >.200 m, the nominal diameter of the runner D1 >= 2 m.

2 Normative references

The contents of the following documents, through normative references within the text, constitute essential provisions of this document. Dated citations are listed below.

For references to documents, only the version corresponding to that date applies to this document; for undated references, the latest version (including all amendments) applies.

This document.

GB/T 191 Pictorial Symbols for Packaging and Storage

GB/T 2900.45 Electrical Engineering Terminology - Hydropower Station Hydraulic Machinery and Equipment

GB/T 3323.1 Nondestructive testing of welds - Radiological inspection - Part 1.Film techniques for X-rays and gamma rays

GB/T 8564 Technical Specification for Installation of Hydropower Generator Sets

GB/T 9239.1 Mechanical vibration constant-state (rigid) rotor balance quality requirements - Part 1.Inspection of specifications and balance tolerances

GB/T 9797 Metallic and other inorganic coatings - Nickel, nickel-chromium, copper-nickel and copper-nickel-chromium electroplating layers

GB 11120 Turbine Oil

GB/T 11345 Ultrasonic testing techniques, testing levels and evaluation for non-destructive testing of welds

GB/T 11348.5 Measurement and evaluation of radial vibration of rotating machinery shafts - Part 5.Hydropower plants and pumping station units

GB/T 11805 Basic Technical Conditions for Automation Components (Device) and Systems of Hydropower Generator Sets

GB/T 15468 Basic Technical Conditions for Hydropower Turbines

GB/T 15469.1 Cavitation assessment of water turbines, pumps and pump-turbines - Part 1.Cavitation assessment of reaction turbines

GB/T 15613 Acceptance Test of Models of Water Turbines, Storage Pumps and Pump-Turbines

GB/T 14478 | GB/T 15468 | GB/T 10969 | GB/T 28546 | […]

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This preview omits tables, figures, formulas and parts of the technical clauses. The complete document — 31 pages — is available in the English PDF.

Referenced standards

Normative references

Editions of GB/T 46341

Edition	Title	Revision	Status
GB/T 46341-2025	Fundamental technical requirements for flexible operating hydropower turbines under ultra-wide load	current edition	Current

This page sells the current edition, GB/T 46341-2025. Earlier editions are listed for reference only.

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