GB/T 45290-2025Specification for design of rural emergency shelter (English PDF)

Foreword

This document is in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 1.1-2020 "Guidelines for standardization work Part

1.Structure and drafting rules for standardization documents" Drafting. Please note that some of the contents of this document may involve patents. The issuing organization of this document does not assume the responsibility for identifying patents. This document is proposed by the Ministry of Emergency Management of the People's Republic of China. This document is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Emergency Management and Disaster Reduction and Relief (SAC/TC307). This document was drafted by: China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, China Institute of Safety Science and Technology, Yangtze River Survey, Planning and Design Research Co., Ltd. Limited Liability Company, China Urban Planning and Design Institute, China Star Network Application Co., Ltd., China Earthquake Emergency Search and Rescue Center, Emergency Management Ministry of Natural Disaster Prevention and Control, Siyi Architectural Design (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Beijing Waterdrop Technology Group Co., Ltd., China Rural Development Development Foundation, ZTE Corporation, China Water Resources and Hydropower Publishing and Media Group Co., Ltd., Beijing Tsinghua Tongheng Planning and Design Research Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing University of Science and Technology, China National Institute of Standardization, China Earthquake Networks Center, Chongqing Xingwang Lianke Technology Co., Ltd., Emergency National Disaster Reduction Center of the Ministry of Management and Institute of Earthquake Prediction of China Earthquake Administration. The main drafters of this document are. Yang Kun, Gao Yufeng, Liu Changjun, Li Husheng, Zhai Xiaoyan, Jiang Yanling, Jiang Wei, Zhao Shengwei, Zhang Xiaolei, Song Hao, Chen Hong, Li Haipeng, Chen Xin, Yu Tongtong, Shen Peng, Wang Jun, Xia Xianfeng, Xu Lijuan, Pan Zhixin, Zhang Xiaokui, Gao Yukun, Zhou Qian, Li Zhiqiang, Hua Tao, Wang Dandan, Jiang Xiaoming, Li Weidong, Tan Qirong, Zhao Gang, Xu Lei, Xu Luxi, Zhu Yicun, Lu Ping, Qu Ying, Liu Jun, Cao Daling.

Emergency shelters are closely related to national security, public safety, and the modernization of emergency management systems and capabilities, and are a must in major emergencies. The whole process of disaster prevention and preparation, early warning response, emergency rescue and transitional resettlement is to deal with natural disasters, accidents and disasters, and take into account epidemic prevention, air defense and other fields. After the reform of the party and state institutions in.2018, the emergency management department was responsible for promoting the construction of emergency shelters. Responsibilities. other relevant departments shall work together to guide the planning, design, construction, maintenance, use, inspection and evaluation of emergency shelters. Cycle work. The standardization of emergency shelters is conducive to the scientific regulation of the whole life cycle of emergency shelters and the promotion of the national emergency shelter work system. It plays an important guiding role in the overall reconstruction and overall reconstruction, and plays an important role in the establishment and improvement of permanent emergency shelters as the main body and temporary emergency shelters as the The supplementary national multi-level emergency shelter system is of great significance. Some existing emergency shelter standards are mainly aimed at urban areas with dense populations and relatively good infrastructure, while the vast rural areas The population is relatively dispersed and the infrastructure is weak. The existing standards are difficult to adapt to the new requirements for the construction and development of rural emergency shelters. This document focuses on solving The standard system is not sound and there is a lack of standard guidance for rural emergency shelters, which will promote the coordinated development of urban and rural areas and the rural emergency shelter capacity. Effective improvement of strength. Design specification for rural emergency shelters

1 Scope

GB/T 45290-2025 is the Chinese design specification for rural emergency shelters. Urban shelter design is well established in China; the rural case is different in every respect that matters, because the population is dispersed and older, the access roads are few and may themselves fail, the utilities cannot be assumed, and the shelter has to be built from what a village already has, a school, a clinic, a threshing ground, rather than purpose-built. The standard sets the design principles and the basic requirements, then the site selection, the master plan, and the functional areas: the emergency assembly and distribution area, the accommodation, the medical and sanitation facilities, the water supply and the storage, the power and communications, the waste and drainage, and the circulation and signage; it then covers the structural and safety requirements, the accessibility provisions and the arrangements for livestock and for material stockpiles that a rural shelter has to accommodate. It takes effect on 1 August 2025.

This document establishes the design principles for emergency shelters at the township (street) level and village (community) level in rural areas and stipulates the basic requirements The verification method is described as well as the requirements for site selection, master plan, functional areas, shelters and buildings, facilities and equipment, and file management. This document is applicable to the design of new or renovated rural emergency shelters, and can be used as a reference for designated rural emergency shelters.

2 Normative references

The contents of the following documents constitute the essential clauses of this document through normative references in this document. For referenced documents without a date, only the version corresponding to that date applies to this document; for referenced documents without a date, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to This document.

GB 5749 Sanitary standard for drinking water

GB 18306 China Earthquake Motion Parameter Zoning Map

GB/T 35624 General technical requirements for urban emergency shelters

GB/T 44012 Terminology of emergency shelters

GB/T 44013 Classification and classification of emergency shelters

GB/T 44014 Signs for emergency shelters

GB 50057 Code for Lightning Protection Design of Buildings

GB 50201 Flood Control Standard

GB 55002 General code for earthquake resistance of buildings and municipal engineering

GB 55036 General specification for fire protection facilities

GB 55037 General code for fire protection of buildings

3 Terms and definitions

The terms and definitions defined in GB/T 44012 and the following apply to this document.

3.1 ruralarea A regional complex outside the urban built-up area with natural, social, and economic characteristics and multiple functions such as production, life, ecology, and culture.

Note. Including towns (excluding towns where county governments are located) and villages, etc.

3.2 disaster avoidance The act of avoiding danger and protecting life before and during an emergency. [Source: GB/T 44012-2024, 3.1]

3.3 The behavior and process by which refugees obtain a safe place and certain living security during and after an emergency.

Note. It is divided into dispersed evacuation and centralized evacuation. [Source: GB/T 44012-2024, 3.2]