GB/T 4352-2022Fuel consumption for trucks in operation (English PDF)

Foreword

This document was issued on 30 December 2022 by the State Administration for Market Regulation; Standardization Administration of the PRC and takes effect on 30 December 2022.

It is a GB/T standard: recommended rather than compulsory, but it is the text a Chinese reviewer applies when assessing a submission.

1 Scope

GB/T 4352-2022 covers how the fuel consumption of a truck in service is calculated, not how it is measured on a test bench. Terms come from JT/T 719 and are extended here, beginning with fuel consumption for a truck in operation, defined as the amount of fuel a truck consumes during operation. Two working clauses carry the document. The first classifies truck operating conditions and assigns correction coefficients to them, opening with road category and the fuel consumption correction coefficient of the road, which is tabulated by class of road. The second sets out the calculation itself, built on values for basic fuel consumption and for fully loaded fuel consumption, and handled separately for trucks above 3500 kg maximum gross mass and for those no heavier than that. Two informative appendices work a full calculation example through for each of those two cases. What the correction coefficients exist for is comparability: a consumption figure quoted for a truck means nothing until the road, the load and the operating conditions behind it are named, and a haulier comparing vehicles, a shipper auditing a fuel claim or an authority setting a consumption ceiling all need those conditions fixed the same way for everyone. Fleet operators, transport authorities and truck manufacturers are the readers.

This Document specifies the classification of truck operating conditions and correction factors,

as well as the calculation method of fuel consumption for operation.

This Document is applicable to the calculation of the fuel consumption of trucks running on

highways and urban roads that use gasoline or diesel as the single fuel. The fuel consumption

quota management of road transport enterprises shall be used as a reference.

2 Normative References

The provisions in following documents become the essential provisions of this Document

through reference in this Document. For the dated documents, only the versions with the dates

indicated are applicable to this Document; for the undated documents, only the latest version

(including all the amendments) is applicable to this Document.

GB/T 19233 Measurement methods of fuel consumption for light-duty vehicles

JT/T 719 Limits and measurement methods of fuel consumption for commercial vehicle

for cargos transportation

3 Terms and Definitions

For the purposes of this Document, the terms and definitions given in JT/T 719 apply.

3.1 Fuel consumption for truck in operation

The amount of fuel a truck consumes during operation.

NOTE: The unit is L.

3.2 Basic fuel consumption of truck

When a truck with a total mass of more than 3500kg is under the comprehensive working

conditions given in JT/T 719, and a truck with a total mass of no more than 3500kg is under the

comprehensive working conditions given in GB/T 19233, the fuel consumption per 100 km, if

they drive with curb mass (no load).

NOTE: The unit is L/100km.

3.3 Fuel consumption of fully loaded truck

When a truck with a total mass of more than 3500kg under the comprehensive working

conditions given in JT/T 719, and a truck with a total mass of no more than 3500kg under the

comprehensive working conditions given in GB/T 19233, the fuel consumption per 100km if

they drive with total mass (full load).

NOTE: The unit is L/100km.

3.4 Changes in fuel consumption per unit load of truck

For every 1000kg (1 ton) increase in the loading capacity of a truck, the fuel consumption

increased by driving 100km.

NOTE: The unit is L/(t.100km).

3.5 Fuel consumption correction coefficient of road

The ratio of the fuel consumption of a truck running on a certain type of road to the fuel

consumption of a Type 1 road (other operating conditions are the same).

3.6 Fuel consumption correction coefficient of temperature

The ratio of the fuel consumption when a truck is running in a certain monthly average

temperature range to the fuel consumption when the monthly average temperature range is 5°C

to 28°C (inclusive) (other operating conditions are the same).

3.7 Fuel consumption correction coefficient of traffic congestion

The ratio of the fuel consumption of a truck in a certain average speed range to the fuel

consumption of an average speed of 30km/h to 40km/h (inclusive) (other operating conditions

are the same) when the truck is operating on urban roads.

4 Classification of Truck Operating Conditions and

Correction Coefficients

4.1 Road category and fuel consumption correction coefficient of road

Road category and fuel consumption correction coefficient of road (Kr) is according to Table 1.

4.4 Fuel consumption correction coefficient of other influential factors

The correction coefficient Kx of other factors that affect the fuel consumption of trucks in

operation (such as the running-in period of trucks, seasonal rainy seasons and ice and snow

roads in the operating area, loading of dangerous goods, loading of over-limited goods, road

construction, etc.), the unit shall be decide by the truck users.

5 Fuel Consumption for Truck in Operation

5.1 Values for basic fuel consumption of truck and fuel consumption of fully loaded truck

5.1.1 Trucks more than 3500kg

The value of basic fuel consumption is the comprehensive fuel consumption of the vehicle

under the test conditions specified in JT/T 719 and at no load; and the unit is L/100km.

The value of full-loaded fuel consumption is the comprehensive fuel consumption obtained

under the test conditions specified in JT/T 719, or the comprehensive fuel consumption given

in the announcement issued by the competent department of transportation for the qualified

types of road transport vehicles; and the unit is L/100km.

5.1.2 Trucks no more than 3500kg

The value of the basic fuel consumption is the comprehensive fuel consumption obtained under

the test cycle conditions specified in GB/T 19233, or the light vehicle fuel consumption label

query; and the unit is L/100km.

The value of full-loaded fuel consumption is the comprehensive fuel consumption obtained

under the test cycle conditions specified in GB/T 19233 when the vehicle is fully-loaded; and

the unit is L/100km.

5.2 Changes in fuel consumption per unit load of truck

5.2.1 Calculation

When the basic fuel consumption and full-loaded fuel consumption are given by the automobile

manufacturer, the changes in fuel consumption per unit load of the truck is calculated according

to Formula (1).

Where:

Qb - changes in fuel consumption per unit load of truck, in L/(t-100km);

Qi - the fuel consumption of the truck in operation under the ith operating mode, in L;

Si - the driving mileage of the truck under the ith operating mode, in km;

delta Wi - the load mass of the truck under the ith operating mode, in t;

Kri - the fuel consumption correction coefficient of the road of the truck under the ith operating

mode, see Table 1;

Kti - the fuel consumption correction coefficient of the temperature of the truck under the ith

operating mode, see Table 2;

Kvi - the fuel consumption correction coefficient of the traffic congestion of the truck under the

ith operating mode, see Table 3;

Kxi - the fuel consumption correction coefficient of other influential factors of the truck under

the ith operating mode, which is specified by the vehicle user itself;

Qai - the additional fuel consumption of the truck under the ith operating mode, the specific value

is specified by the vehicle user itself, in L.

NOTE: The additional fuel consumption of truck is the main energy-consuming equipment of truck that

are not used to drive vehicles, such as the fuel consumption of air conditioners, refrigeration units for

refrigerated trucks, and truck-mounted loading and unloading machinery; the unit is L.

The total fuel consumption of trucks in different operating modes is calculated according to

Formula (3).

Where:

Q - total fuel consumption of trucks in different operating modes, in L.

5.4 Calculation example of the fuel consumption of truck in operation

See Appendix A for the calculation example of fuel consumption of truck in operation with a

maximum gross mass more than 3500kg.

See Appendix B for the calculation example of fuel consumption of trucks in operation with a

maximum gross mass of no more than 3500kg.

Appendix A

(Informative)

Calculation Example of Fuel Consumption of a Truck in Operation with a

Maximum Gross Mass of more than 3500kg

An ordinary truck has a maximum gross mass of 9.29t, a curb mass of 4.29t, and a rated load

mass of 5t. It travels 30km with a full load on a slightly hilly Class-III highway between cities

with an average monthly temperature of -6°C. After unloading, it returns to the original place

with no load. The operating period is the evening rush hour in the city, there is congestion, the

average driving speed is 22km/h; the hot air air-conditioner is turned on during driving; and the

fuel consumption of the air conditioner is calculated as 0.1L for one-way operation. Find the

total fuel consumption of the truck in operation.

Method 1: When the truck manufacturer gives the basic fuel consumption and full-load

fuel consumption

Calculate as follows.

a) The basic fuel consumption of truck Qk provided by truck manufacturers is 16.1

(L/100km); the fuel consumption of the full-loaded truck Qm is 20.4 (L/100km) after

checking the announcement of the qualified vehicle model for the road transportation

issued by the competent department of transportation.

b) According to the Formula (1), calculate the changes in fuel consumption per unit load of

truck Qb.

c) Calculate the fuel consumption of the truck in operation according to the Formula (2).

According to the known conditions, the correction coefficient of the Type-2 roads is 1.10;

the correction coefficient at the monthly average temperature of -6°C is 1.06; the

correction coefficient of traffic congestion at an average driving speed of 22km/h is 1.15;

and the correction coefficient with no other influential factors is 1.00; the hot air air-

conditioner is turned on during driving, and the fuel consumption of the air conditioner

is 0.1L for one-way operation; so the fuel consumption of the truck in operation is as

follows:

Appendix B

(Informative)

Calculation Example of Fuel Consumption of a Truck with a Maximum

Gross Mass no more than 3500kg

A truck with a maximum gross mass of 3.4t, a curb mass of 1.9t, and a rated load mass of 1.5t

is driving 30km with a full load on a Class-III highway between cities at a monthly average

temperature of -3°C, and returns to its original place with no load after unloading. The operating

period is the evening rush hour in the city, there is congestion; the average driving speed is

22km/h; the hot air air-conditioner is turned on during driving, and the fuel consumption of the

air conditioner is calculated as 0.1L for one-way operation. Find the total fuel consumption of

the truck in operation.

Method 1: When the truck manufacturer gives the basic fuel consumption and full-loaded

fuel consumption

Calculate as follows.

a) The basic fuel consumption of trucks Qk is 9.2 (L/100km), which is obtained through

checking the light-duty truck fuel consumption label, and the full-loaded fuel

consumption of trucks Qm provided by truck manufacturers is 11.2 (L/100km).

b) Calculate the changes in fuel consumption per unit load truck Qb according to the formula

(1).

c) Calculate the fuel consumption of the truck in operation according to the Formula (2).

According to the known conditions, the correction coefficient of the Type-2 roads is 1.10;

the correction coefficient at the monthly average temperature -3°C is 1.03; the correction

coefficient of traffic congestion at an average driving speed of 22km/h is 1.15; and the

correction coefficient with no other influential factors is 1.00; when the hot air air-

conditioner is turned on during driving, the fuel consumption of air-conditioner is

calculated as 0.1L for one-way operation; so the fuel consumption of the truck in

operation is as follows:

......