GB/T 41304.2-2022Methods and tools for knowledge management—Part 2: Design rationale knowledge modelling (English PDF)

Foreword

This document is in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 1.1-2020 "Guidelines for Standardization Work Part 1: Structure and Drafting Rules of Standardization Documents" drafted.

This document is part 2 of GB/T 41304 "Knowledge Management Methods and Tools". GB/T 41304 has published the following parts.

--- Part 1: Process knowledge management;

--- Part 2: Design rational knowledge modeling.

Introduction

The contemporary society is entering the era of knowledge economy, and knowledge is the key factor for enterprises to gain competitive advantage. In recent years, my country's manufacturing enterprises Facing a more severe domestic and foreign market competition environment, production efficiency is low, energy and resource consumption is high, product added value is low, and there is a lack of effective products Innovative R&D capabilities and market development capabilities. Chinese enterprises, especially manufacturing enterprises, can only realize the transition from "made in China to created in China". change, China's speed changes to China's quality, and Chinese products change to Chinese brands", in order to get rid of the current predicament.

Manufacturing 2025 strategy and innovation-driven development strategy guide and promote the transformation, transformation and upgrading of enterprises. Knowledge content, R&D design, product Added value will be a key element of the three transformations.

R&D design is a knowledge- and innovation-intensive activity. R&D design is an important link in knowledge creation, as well as an important part of knowledge acquisition and application. important area. Design is a process based on design requirements, using the knowledge and experience of designers, in design standards, manufacturing processes, cost budgets, etc.

Under the constraints of the design goal, the iterative evolution process of continuous weighing and decision-making is carried out. At key points in the design process, designers will After careful consideration, the design team will also be organized to conduct technical discussions and solicit opinions or suggestions from relevant parties, resulting in a variety of design schemes.

And then through the decision-making selection to determine an appropriate solution, as the object of the next stage of the design of further research. design thinking and The decision-making process and the opinions of interested parties, whether for or against opinions, as well as the reasons or basis for the relevant opinions, shall be taken as design rational knowledge It is of great value to be recorded.

Unlike design object knowledge, which describes what a design object is, design rational knowledge explains design thinking and why design outcomes are the way they are.

The knowledge of design rationality embedded in the design process and behind the design results, explaining why it is designed this way, what design decisions were made, and the design What are the criteria and basis for the design decision, what alternative design options are available, and what trade-offs have been made. Design rational knowledge is the process of research and development The key knowledge of "knowing the truth, knowing the reason" is not only the basis of collaborative design, but also the difference between design and manufacturing, product maintenance, after-sales support, etc.

The basis for collaboration in stages. However, since design rational knowledge is accompanied by a relatively complete design process, it is difficult to obtain, and its acquisition will also increase the design The workload of the staff has not been paid enough attention.

Design rational knowledge is usually contained in the mind of the designer, and may also be informally recorded in the design notes of the individual designer, Or recorded in design documents such as design instructions, product archives, etc. The tacit design rational knowledge in the designer's mind will follow the designer's flow, resignation, retirement, etc. However, the existing design files and design instructions often do not consciously and formally highlight the rationality of design.

The content of knowledge, especially the decision-making process of design, the weighing of design alternatives, and the opinions of all parties, have no corresponding requirements. In short, design rational knowledge Knowledge is not actually recorded and managed.

In addition, acquiring and expressing design rational knowledge is an explicit process of tacit design knowledge, and the enthusiasm and initiative of designers are crucial want. The acquisition, storage and sharing of design rational knowledge is conducive to collaborative innovation and knowledge reuse. At the same time, for industries with high turnover or For enterprises, it is also an important measure of knowledge protection. It can be effectively avoided or reduced, due to factors such as resignation and retirement of designers.

As a result, other later designers can't understand the previous design, and they don't know how to modify or even change the previous design knowledge. Case.

Knowledge management methods and tools are intended to establish the criteria for the acquisition, storage, sharing and application of knowledge. GB/T 41304 is proposed to consist of two parts constitute.

--- Part 1: Process knowledge management, the purpose is to establish the concept, boundary and scope of process knowledge, classification and Express.

--- Part 2: Design rational knowledge modeling, the purpose is to establish a general method of design rational knowledge modeling.

1 Scope

This document specifies a general approach to design-rational knowledge modeling and design-rational knowledge metadata.

This document is applicable to the acquisition, storage, sharing and use of design rational knowledge in product development, manufacturing, operation and maintenance services, etc. It is suitable for designing rational knowledge system development, etc.

2 Normative references

There are no normative references in this document.

3 Terms and Definitions

The following terms and definitions apply to this document.