GB/T 38234-2019Determination of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) in aviation turbine fuel—Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (English PDF)
航空涡轮燃料中脂肪酸甲酯含量的测定 气相色谱-质谱法
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Issued by
SAMR; SAC
Level / Type
National · Recommended
Issue date
October 18, 2019
Implementation date
May 1, 2020
Scope
GB/T 38234-2019 is the English-translated version of 航空涡轮燃料中脂肪酸甲酯含量的测定 气相色谱-质谱法.
This standard gives a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry test method for measuring fatty acid methyl esters in aviation turbine fuel. Clause 1 states that it applies to the determination of the various biodiesel-derived fatty acid methyl esters listed in Table 1 and covers total fatty acid methyl ester contents from 4.5 mg/kg to 140 mg/kg.
Table 1 names the six esters examined, each with its CAS number and molecular formula: methyl palmitate, methyl heptadecanoate, methyl stearate, methyl oleate, methyl linoleate and methyl linolenate; the accompanying notes state that these generally account for 95 % or more by mass of common biodiesel, and that methyl heptadecanoate is included because it can also occur in animal fats such as dairy products and egg yolk lecithin.
A further note warns that heavier hydrocarbon components present in aviation turbine fuel, including fuel contaminated with diesel or biodiesel, can mask the peaks of trace esters, so that short-chain esters such as those obtained from coconut oil cannot be quantified at low levels.
Clause 3 summarizes the method: the fuel sample is mixed with an internal standard and introduced into the gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer, where a polar capillary column separates the small quantity of polar esters from the non-polar hydrocarbons that make up the bulk of the fuel.
GB/T 4756 and GB/T 27867 on manual and automatic pipeline sampling of petroleum liquids and SH/T 0604 on density determination are cited as normative references, and a caution states that users should have practical experience of formal laboratory work and are responsible for their own safety and health measures.
It was proposed and is administered by SAC/TC280, was issued on 2019-10-18 and has applied since 2020-05-01.
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Document preview — GB/T 38234-2019
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
- ICS
- 75.160.20
- Classification
- E 31
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation; Standardization Administration of the PRC
Contents
- Foreword
- 1 Scope
- 2 Normative references
- 3 Method summary
Foreword
This standard was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
1 Scope
This standard specifies the test method for the determination of fatty acid methyl esters in aviation turbine fuels by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
This standard applies to the determination of various fatty acid methyl esters derived from biodiesel in aviation turbine fuels (see Table 1), total fatty acid methyl esters. The content range is from 4.5 mg/kg to 140 mg/kg.
Note 1. Aviation turbine fuel (and aviation turbine fuel contaminated by diesel or biodiesel) may contain some hydrocarbon components with higher molecular weight.
These components mask the peaks of trace fatty acid methyl esters. Low-carbon fatty acid methyl esters, such as fatty acid methyl esters obtained from coconut oil, are subject to aviation The interference of some heavy components in the empty turbine fuel cannot be quantitatively determined at low levels.
Note 2. This standard mainly examines several fatty acid methyl esters listed in Table 1. The mass fraction of these fatty acid methyl esters in common biodiesel is generally 95%. the above. In addition, methyl heptadecanoate may be present in animal fats such as dairy products and egg yolk lecithin, and is therefore also included.
2 Normative references
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only dated versions apply to this document. For undated references, the latest edition (including all amendments) applies to this document.
GB/T 4756 petroleum liquid manual sampling method
GB/T 27867 automatic sampling method for petroleum liquid pipeline
SH/T 0604 Determination of density of crude oil and petroleum products (U-shaped vibrating tube method)
3 Method summary
After mixing the aviation turbine fuel sample with the internal standard, it is introduced into a gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS) and then passed through a polar capillary.
The column is separated to separate a small amount of the fatty acid methyl ester polar compound from the non-polar hydrocarbon compound which is the main component of the aviation turbine fuel.
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This preview omits tables, figures, formulas and parts of the technical clauses. The complete document — 15 pages — is available in the English PDF.
Referenced standards
Normative references
- GB/T 4756Method for manual sampling of petroleum liquids
- GB/T 27867Petroleum liquid -- Automatic pipeline sampling
SH/T 0604
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Related Standards
GB/T 27867-2011 — Petroleum liquid -- Automatic pipeline sampling
GB/T 4756-1998 — Petroleum liquids. Manual sampling
GB/T 4756-2015 — Method for manual sampling of petroleum liquids
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GB/T 38234-2019
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