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GB/T 37400.14-2019Heavy machinery general technical specification - Part 14: Non-destructive testing of steel castings (English PDF)

重型机械通用技术条件第14部分：铸钢件无损探伤

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Issued by

SAMR; SAC

Level / Type

National · Recommended

Issue date

August 30, 2019

Implementation date

March 1, 2020

Scope

GB/T 37400.14-2019 is the English-translated version of 重型机械通用技术条件第14部分：铸钢件无损探伤.

Part 14 of China's general technical specification for heavy machinery, covering the non-destructive testing of steel castings. It specifies the terms and definitions for ultrasonic, radiographic, penetrant and magnetic particle testing, the general requirements and the acceptance criteria. A large steel casting is the component of a heavy machine most likely to contain a defect that nobody can see: a mill housing or a press frame weighing tens of tonnes solidifies over days, and shrinkage cavities, gas porosity, inclusions and hot tears form in the process. Which method finds which defect is the substance of the standard. Ultrasound finds internal volumetric defects and sizes them; radiography images them but is limited by section thickness; magnetic particle inspection finds surface and near-surface cracks on ferromagnetic material; penetrant testing finds surface-breaking defects on anything. Specifying which is applied where, and what indication is acceptable, is what turns an inspection into an acceptance.

Document preview — GB/T 37400.14-2019

National Standard of the People's Republic of China

ICS: 25.010
Classification: J 04

Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation; Standardization Administration of the PRC

ForewordIII
1 Scope1
2 Normative references1
3 Terms and Definitions2
3.1 Ultrasonic testing2
3.2 Radiation detection2
3.3 Infiltration, magnetic particle testing3
4 General requirements3
4.1 General3
4.2 Detection File4
4.3 Testers4
5 Steel casting ultrasonic testing4
5.1 Contents that should be clearly stated when ordering4
5.2 Preparation of the tested castings4
5.3 Detection System5
5.4 Calibration of the detector6
5.5 Confirmation of ultrasonic detectability6
5.6 Detection7
5.7 Defect Analysis9
5.8 Defect size determination9
5.9 Quality Level12
5.10 Test Report13
6 Steel castings ray inspection14
6.1 Contents that should be clear before testing14
6.2 Image quality level14
6.3 Equipment and equipment14
6.4 Transillumination method16
6.5 Film quality requirements21
6.6 Film observation21
6.7 Scattering line shield22
6.8 Defect Image Quality Rating Method22
6.9 Test report25
7 Steel casting penetration test26
7.1 What should be clear before testing26
7.2 Safety protection26
7.3 Testing requirements26
7.4 Testing materials and sensitivity27
7.5 Detection process28
7.6 Ratings and quality levels shown31
7.7 Test Report32
8 Steel casting magnetic particle detection32
8.1 Contents that should be clear before testing32
8.2 Security32
8.3 Method Overview32
8.4 Surface condition and surface preparation32
8.5 Equipment and equipment33
8.6 Magnetization method33
8.7 Current Type34
8.8 Magnetic field direction and effective area34
8.9 Magnetization Verification35
8.10 Magnetic particle detection operation36
8.11 Observation conditions36
8.12 Demagnetization36
8.13 Ratings and quality levels shown37
8.14 Test report37
Appendix A (Normative) Inspection of the repaired zone39
Appendix B (informative) Transmission correction and attenuation factor41
Appendix C (informative) DGS (AVG) curve application43
Appendix D (Normative) Common Sensitivity Test Strips (Block)46

Foreword

GB/T 37400 "General Technical Conditions for Heavy Machinery" is divided into 16 parts.

--- Part 1. Product inspection;

--- Part 2. Flame cutting parts;

---Part 3. Welded parts;

---Part 4. Cast iron parts;

---Part 5. Non-ferrous metal castings;

---Part 6. Steel castings;

---Part 7. Repair welding of steel castings;

---Part 9. Machining parts;

--- Part 10. Assembly;

--- Part 12. Painting;

--- Part 13. Packaging;

---Part 14. Non-destructive testing of steel castings;

---Part 15. Non-destructive testing of forged steel parts;

--- Part 16. Hydraulic system.

This part is the 14th part of GB/T 37400.

This part is drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.

This part is proposed and managed by the National Technical Committee for Metallurgical Equipment Standardization (SAC/TC409).

1 Scope

This part of GB/T 37400 specifies non-destructive testing methods for ultrasonic testing, ray inspection, penetration testing and magnetic particle testing of steel castings.

Law, general requirements and their corresponding quality levels.

This section applies to.

--- Ultrasonic testing of A-type pulse reflection method for heat-treated alloys and non-alloyed ferritic steel castings with thickness <=600mm. For thick

Castings with a degree >600mm, if not otherwise specified, can also be referred to;

--- Radiation detection of steel castings with thickness >= 5mm;

--- Magnetic particle detection of surface and near surface defects of ferromagnetic steel castings;

--- Penetration detection of open defects on the surface of steel castings;

--- Magnetic particle detection and penetration detection at the defect excavation.

This section does not apply to ultrasonic testing of austenitic steel castings.

1 Scope

This part of GB/T 37400 specifies non-destructive testing methods for ultrasonic testing, ray inspection, penetration testing and magnetic particle testing of steel castings.

Law, general requirements and their corresponding quality levels.

This section applies to.

--- Ultrasonic testing of A-type pulse reflection method for heat-treated alloys and non-alloyed ferritic steel castings with thickness <=600mm. For thick

Castings with a degree >600mm, if not otherwise specified, can also be referred to;

--- Radiation detection of steel castings with thickness >= 5mm;

--- Magnetic particle detection of surface and near surface defects of ferromagnetic steel castings;

--- Penetration detection of open defects on the surface of steel castings;

--- Magnetic particle detection and penetration detection at the defect excavation.

This section does not apply to ultrasonic testing of austenitic steel castings.

2 Normative references

The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only dated versions apply to this article.

Pieces. For undated references, the latest edition (including all amendments) applies to this document.

GB/T 5097 Non-destructive testing for penetration testing and magnetic particle testing conditions

GB/T 9445 Non-destructive testing personnel qualification and certification

GB/T 12604.1 Non-destructive testing terminology ultrasonic testing

GB/T 12604.2 Non-destructive testing term radiographic testing

GB/T 12604.3 Non-destructive testing terminology penetration test

GB/T 12604.5 Non-destructive testing terminology magnetic particle testing

GB 12664 Portable X-ray Safety Inspection Equipment General Specification

GB/T 14058 gamma-ray flaw detector

GB/T 15822.1 Non-destructive testing - Magnetic particle testing - Part 1. General

GB/T 15822.2 Non-destructive testing - Magnetic particle testing - Part 2

GB/T 15822.3 Non-destructive testing - Magnetic particle testing - Part 3

GB/T 18851.2 Non-destructive testing - Part 2. Examination of osmotic materials

GB/T 18851.3-2008 Non-destructive testing - Penetration testing - Part 3. Reference test blocks

GB/T 18851.4 Non-destructive testing - Penetration testing - Part 4. Equipment

GB/T 18851.5 Non-destructive testing - Penetration testing - Part 5. Penetration testing at temperatures above 50 ° C

GB/T 18851.6 Non-destructive testing - Penetration testing - Part 6. Penetration testing at temperatures below 10 ° C