GB/T 25338.1-2019Switch machines for railways - Part 1: General specification (English PDF)

3.1 Locking

A mechanism that locks the switch machine's switching bar or detecting bar in its terminal position.

3.2 External locking equipment

A mechanical device that directly locks the switch rail to the stock rail and the point rail to the wing rail via the switch machine.

3.3 Detector of trailing movement

A bar within the switch machine that can check the status of the turnout.

NOTE: during a trailing movement, this bar can disconnect the switch machine's detecting contact point.

3.4 Locking bar

A bar within the switch machine that can check the turnout's tightness and provides a secondary locking function for the turnout's movable parts.

3.5 Locking-and-detecting bar

A bar within the switch machine that provides a secondary locking function and can check the turnout's status.

NOTE: during a trailing movement, this bar can disconnect the switch machine's detecting contact point.

3.6 Throwing movements

The number of times that the switch machine switches from one terminal position to another during its stroke.

3.7 Rated throwing force

The specified output force when the switch machine's switching bar or piston rod stretches out or retracts.

3.8 Rated voltage

The minimum voltage at the electric motor terminal when the DC switch machine is switching under the given rated throwing force condition.

3.9 Supply voltage

The voltage output from the power supply panel to the switch machine.

3.10 Switching time

The time it takes for the switch machine to switch from one terminal position to another, and the connection of the detecting contact point, starting from the energization of the electric motor (electric, electro-hydraulic) or solenoid directional valve (electro-pneumatic).

4.1 Classification of Switch Machines by Switching Time

See Table 1 for the classification of switch machines by switching time.

4.2 Classification of Switch Machines by Rated Throwing Force

See Table 2 for the classification of switch machines by rated throwing force.

4.3 Classification of Switch Machines by Power Supply

DC switch machines are classified into two types based on rated voltage: DC 160 V and 180 V.

AC switch machines have a three-phase 50 Hz power supply of 380 V. The voltage of the electro-pneumatic switch machines with a solenoid directional valve is DC 24 V.

4.4 Classification of Switch Machines by Drive Mode

Switching machines can be classified into electric switch machines, electro-hydraulic switch machines, and electro-pneumatic switch machines based on their drive mode.

4.5 Meaning of Switch Machine Models

The meaning of switch machine models is as follows:

EXAMPLE 1:an electric switch machine with a rated throwing force of 2.5 kN, a switching bar stroke of 220 mm, and a derivative type of A is designated as ZD9-A220/2.5.

EXAMPLE 2:an electro-hydraulic switch machine with a rated throwing force of 4 kN, a switching bar stroke of 170 mm, and a derivative type of A is designated as ZY6-A170/4.

EXAMPLE 3:an electro-pneumatic switch machine with a rated throwing force of 2.5 kN and a switching bar stroke of 170 mm is designated as ZK4-170/2.5.

NOTE: when a power source switches more than two traction points, the switching bar stroke and throwing force at each traction point are connected by a plus sign (200 + 94/1.8k + 4.2k).

5.1 Operating Environment of Switch Machine

The switch machine shall normally operate under the following environmental conditions:

a) Air pressure: not lower than 70.1 kPa (equivalent to an altitude below 3,000 m);

b) Ambient air temperature: -40 °C ~ +70 °C;

c) Relative humidity: not greater than 90% (at 25 °C);

d) No harmful or corrosive gases posing an explosion hazard in the surrounding environment.

5.2 Switching Sequence of Switch Machine

After power is connected, the switch machine shall accurately switch in the following sequence:

a) Disconnect the original detecting contact point;

b) Unlock the switch machine;

c) Switch machine switches;

d) Switch machine locks;

e) Connect the new detecting contact point.

For high-speed switch machines and switch machines with traction external locking devices, steps d) and e) are allowed to be simultaneously realized.

5.3 Parts and Components of Switch Machine

All parts and components of the switch machine shall be inspected and qualified. Standard parts and purchased parts shall conform to relevant technical standards.

5.4 Appearance

5.4.1 The surfaces of metal parts and electroplated or coated parts shall be smooth, and free of burrs. The plating layer shall be free of spots, protrusions, and unplated areas. Edges and corners shall be free of burn marks. The coating layer shall be uniform in color and free of defects such as wrinkles, flow marks, pinholes, and bubbles, etc.

5.4.2 Plastic parts shall have good gloss and shall be free of defects such as bubbles, cracks, missing materials, swelling, obvious deformation, scratches, and burrs, etc.

5.4.3 Threaded connections and riveted joints shall be free of loosening and automatic detachment.

5.4.4 Welds shall be firm and free of defects such as slag inclusions, bubbles, and cracks, etc.

5.4.5 The surface of castings shall be flat and free of harmful deformation, defects, protrusions, burrs, sand adhesion, and cracks.

5.4.6 Forgings shall be free from defects such as delamination, cracks, and overheating, etc.

5.4.7 Fasteners shall have anti-loosening measures.

5.5 General Requirements

5.5.1 The switch machine structure shall be equipped with a device to absorb rotational inertia and protect the motor. This device shall have a capacity greater than 1.5 times the rated throwing force.

5.5.2 The switch machine shall be equipped with a manual safety mechanism. Before manual […]