GB/T 23447-2023Sanitary ware - Shower for bathing (English PDF)

Foreword

This document was issued on 6 August 2023 by the State Administration for Market Regulation; Standardization Administration of the PRC and takes effect on 1 March 2024.

It is a GB/T standard: recommended rather than compulsory, but it is the text a Chinese reviewer applies when assessing a submission.

1 Scope

GB/T 23447-2023 covers showers for bathing — the materials, which may not pollute the water and may not be of a kind that corrodes easily, the technical requirements beginning with the appearance quality of the castings and their inner cavities, the test methods, the inspection rules that separate exit-factory inspection from type inspection, and the marking, packaging, transport and storage. Three normative appendices carry the measurements that decide how a shower behaves in use: the temperature drop, the average jet angle, and the jet force. Those three matter because the shower head is the point where a heated, pressurised supply reaches the user directly. Water that leaves the spray colder than it arrived makes the mixer setting misleading; a spray that opens too wide loses heat and water without wetting the bather, while one that concentrates too hard is uncomfortable to stand under. Appearance faults such as shrinkage cavities, blisters, cracks and pores are judged visually at 600 mm +/- 50 mm under lighting of 300 lx +/- 20 lx, so the same defect is called the same way in every factory. Written for sanitary ware manufacturers, test laboratories, and market inspection authorities.

This document specifies the materials, technical requirements, test methods, inspection

rules, marking, packaging, transportation, storage of shower for bathing (hereinafter

referred to as shower).

This document is applicable to showers, which have dynamic pressures of 0.05 MPa ~

0.50 MPa and water temperatures of 4 °C ~ 70 °C.

2 Normative references

The provisions in following documents become the provisions of this Standard through

reference in this Standard. For the dated references, the subsequent amendments

(excluding corrections) or revisions do not apply to this Standard; however, parties who

reach an agreement based on this Standard are encouraged to study if the latest versions

of these documents are applicable. For undated references, the latest edition of the

referenced document applies.

GB/T 2828.1 Sampling procedures for inspection by attributes - Part 1.Sampling

schemes indexed by acceptance quality limit (AQL) for lot-by-lot inspection

GB/T 6461 Methods for corrosion testing of metallic and other inorganic coatings

on metallic substrates - Rating of test specimens and manufactured articles subjected

to corrosion tests

GB/T 7307 Pipe threads with 55 degree thread angle where pressure-tight joints are

not made on the threads

GB/T 9286 Paints and varnishes - Cross-cut test

GB/T 10125 Corrosion tests in artificial atmospheres - Salt spray tests

3 Terms and definitions

The following terms and definitions apply to this document.

3.1 Shower

A device used for showering that allows water to flow out in the form of small

droplets or jets.

Note. Showers can generally be divided into two types. hand-held showers and head

showers.

3.2 Hand-held shower

A shower, that is installed on a fixed or movable bracket and connected by a hose,

meanwhile can be freely moved or controlled by the showerer within a certain space.

3.3 Head shower

A shower, that is fixed on the top or side of the user and sprays the user directly from

above or from the side.

4 Materials

The materials used in the product shall not pollute the water quality; the use of easily

corroded materials is not allowed.

5 Technical requirements

5.1 Appearance quality

5.1.1 The outer surface of copper castings shall not have defects such as shrinkage

cavities, blisters, cracks, pores; the inner cavity shall not have molding sand adhering to it.

5.1.2 The outer surface of plastic parts shall not have obvious defects, such as ripples,

scratches, modification damage, etc.

5.1.3 All surfaces, that are accessible to the human body during use, shall not have sharp

edges and corners, that may cause harm to the human body.

5.1.4 After installation, there shall be no un-plated areas on the electroplated surface.

The surface shall be bright and even; no peeling, peeling, blistering or other phenomena are allowed.

5.2 Pipe thread accuracy

The pipe thread accuracy of the external connection of the shower shall comply with

the B-level accuracy requirements in GB/T 7307.Special threads as per contract requirements.

5.3 Safety performance

5.3.1 Conduct the test in accordance with 6.3.1.Each component of the shower shall be

flexible; the shower shall have no obvious deformation; its water jet pattern shall not change.

5.3.2 Conduct the test in accordance with 6.3.2.Each component of the shower shall be

flexible; the shower head shall have no obvious deformation; its water jet pattern shall not change.

5.4 Surface coating and plating quality

5.5 Sealing performance

Carry out the test in accordance with the provisions of 6.5.There shall be no leakage at

the connection parts of each component.

5.6 Mechanical strength

Carry out test in accordance with 6.6.There shall be no cracks, visible permanent

deformation or other damage. After test, it shall meet the requirements of 5.5.

5.9 Tensile properties

Carry out the test in accordance with the provisions of 6.9.There shall be no obvious

damage or any leakage on the shower and its connecting parts.

5.10 Resistance to installation loads

The installation load resistance of the threads of the shower’s connection pipe shall be

tested in accordance with the provisions of 6.10 and Table 2.After the test, the threads

shall have no cracks or damage AND meet the requirements of 5.5.

5.11 Temperature drop

The test is carried out in accordance with the provisions of 6.11.The temperature drop

shall not be greater than 3 °C.

5.14 Anti-siphon performance of handheld showers

In the shower system, when the connecting parts other than the handheld shower, such

as hoses and faucets, do not have anti-siphon devices, the handheld shower shall have

an anti-siphon function. The anti-siphon performance is tested, in accordance with the

provisions of 6.14; there is no visible water level in the transparent tube.

5.15 Ball joint swing performance

For movable head showers or shower heads with ball connections, this test shall be

carried out. After 10000 cycles in accordance with the provisions of 6.15, there shall be

no leakage at the ball connection part and shall meet the requirements of 5.19.

5.16 Average jet angle

The test is carried out in accordance with the provisions of 6.16.The range of the

average jet angle shall be 0° <= alpha <= 8°. This item is only available if contractually required.

5.17 Spray uniformity

Carry out the test according to the provisions of 6.17.Within the range of 120 mm

diameter of the water collection pan, the volume of water received shall not be greater

than 70% and not less than 40% of the total water volume. Within the range of 420 mm

diameter of the water collection pan, the volume of water received shall not be less than

95% of the total water volume. Spray uniformity test is only performed, when required

by contract.

5.18 Function switching force

For multi-functional showers, when tested in accordance with the provisions of 6.18,

the function switching force or torque shall not be greater than 45 N or 1.7 N.m. For

products designed for people with disabilities, before and after the life test, the function

switching force or torque shall not be greater than 22 N.

5.19 Ball head swing force

For movable head showers with ball connections, the ball head swing force shall be

tested in accordance with the provisions of 6.19 and shall not exceed 45 N.

5.20 Drop test

Handheld showers are tested in accordance with the provisions of 6.20.Deformation or

cracks that affect safety and normal operation are not allowed. Parts that are separated

or fell off during the test can be reinstalled and the sample shall maintain normal

functions. After the test, the handheld shower shall comply with the requirements of 5.5.

6 Test methods

6.1 Appearance quality test method

Make a visual inspection, at a distance of 600 mm +/- 50 mm from the shower, under the

lighting conditions of 300 lx +/- 20 lx.

6.2 Pipe thread accuracy test method

The pipe thread accuracy of the external connection part of the shower is measured by

a thread gauge of corresponding accuracy.

6.3 Safety performance test

6.4 Surface coating and plating quality test methods

6.4.1 Rapid cooling & heating performance test

The testing steps for quality requirements for surface coating and plating of plastic parts

are as follows.

6.4.2 Corrosion resistance test

After conducting a 24 h +/- 10 min acid salt spray test according to GB/T 10125, evaluate

the appearance grade of the electroplated surface, according to the requirements of GB/T 6461.

6.4.3 Coating adhesion strength test

Conduct a grid-cut test and grade on a relatively flat surface of the shower, in

accordance with the method specified in GB/T 9286.

6.5 Sealing performance test

Connect the sample to the water supply pipeline. The water supply temperature is 70 °C

+/- 2 °C. Maintain the test dynamic pressure at 0.05 MPa +/- 0.02 MPa and 0.50 MPa +/-

0.02 MPa for 5 minutes +/- 10 seconds, respectively. Check whether there is water

leakage in the shower and its connecting parts.

For showers with two or more water jet modes, this test shall be conducted once in each jet state.

6.6 Mechanical strength test

As shown in Figure 1, install a device that can fix the shower arm (a fixing device that

can achieve the same effect can also be used), meanwhile there are fixing threads that

can match the shower threads.

6.7 Hot and cold fatigue test

6.8 Flow test

6.8.1 Test device

The flow test device shall comply with the requirements in Figure 3.

6.8.2 Test methods

The test water supply temperature T <= 30 °C. The test has the following steps.

6.9 Tensile property test

As shown in Figure 4, install and fix the shower inlet with the matching connecting

device thread. Apply an axial tension F1 of 500 N +/- 10 N to the shower. Maintain it for

15 s +/- 5 s. Check each connection part, shower handle, shower head, etc. for obvious damage.

6.10 Resistance to installation load test

Install the sample to be tested on the fixture. Apply the torque specified in 5.10 to the

thread of the shower or hose, through a standard internal thread testing device that

matches the thread size of the sample. Hold for 60 s +/- 5 s. Check whether there are

cracks or damages, damage, visible permanent deformation and functional failure of

the threads. Then conduct the test according to the requirements of 6.5, to check whether

there is leakage in the shower and its connecting parts.

6.11 Temperature drop test

It is carried out, in accordance with Appendix A.

6.12 Rotatory connection test

If there is a rotary connection joint on the shower arm, conduct the test according to the

test device in Figure 5.

6.13 Shower function conversion life test

Install the sample on the pipeline as shown in Figure 3, according to the usage status.

Under the conditions of water temperature T <= 30 °C and dynamic pressure of 0.25 MPa

+/- 0.02 MPa, make the shower switch between various water jet modes and restore,

6.5 and 6.18, before and after the test.

6.14 Anti-siphon test of hand-held shower

As shown in Figure 6, install a 1000 mm +/- 20 mm transparent hose on the test

equipment. Connect the other end of the hose to the tail end of the shower. Meanwhile

completely immerse the shower in the water.

6.15 Swing performance test of ball connection

For movable head showers or showers with ball connections, install the sample as

shown in Figure 7 and connect it to the pipeline as shown in Figure 3.The test is carried

out, under the conditions of maximum flow rate, water supply temperature T <= 30 °C,

water supply dynamic pressure 0.30 MPa +/- 0.02 MPa.

6.19.It shall meet the requirements of 5.19.

6.16 Average jet angle test

It is carried out, in accordance with Appendix B.

6.17 Spray uniformity test

The spray uniformity test is carried out according to the following steps.

6.18 Function switching force test

Connect the sample to the water supply pipeline. Use the thrust meter test function to

switch the force value at the end of the handle, under the conditions of water supply

temperature T <= 30 °C and dynamic pressure 0.25 MPa +/- 0.02 MPa. This test shall be

performed before and after the life test.

6.19 Ball head swing force test

Connect the sample to the water supply pipeline. Under the conditions of water supply

temperature T <= 30 °C and dynamic pressure 0.25 MPa +/- 0.02 MPa, use a thrust meter

to test the force required for the rotating nozzle, at the point farthest from the ball head

(edge of the product), as shown in Figure 9.This test shall be performed before and

after the life test.

6.20 Drop test method

Freely drop the handheld shower from a height of 1200 mm +/- 20 mm to the tile floor

or cement floor. As shown in Figure 10, drop the shower, with head downward once,

side downward once, water outlet downward once. Parts that are separated or fell off

during the test can be reinstalled and the sample shall maintain normal functions. After

the test, conduct the test according to the requirements of 6.5, to check whether there is

water seepage in the shower and its connecting parts, AND whether the functions can

be used normally.

6.21 Jet force test method

It is carried out, in accordance with Appendix C.

6.22 Burst pressure test method of head shower

Block 80% of the water outlets of the head shower head. Maintain it for 1 minute under

0.25 MPa water pressure, to check whether there is leakage or damage to the product.

7 Inspection rules

7.1 Inspection classification

Product inspection is divided into exit-factory inspection and type inspection.

7.2 Exit-factory inspection

7.2.1 Inspection items

The exit-factory inspection items shall be carried out as specified in Table 3.

7.2.2 Sampling plan and sampling method

7.2.3 Judgement rules

7.3 Type inspection

7.3.1 Inspection items

Type inspection includes other items except 5.16 and 5.17 in the technical requirements

in Chapter 5 of this document.

7.3.2 Inspection conditions

Type inspection shall be carried out, when one of the following conditions exists.

7.3.3 Group-batching rules and sampling plans

8 Marking, packaging, transportation, storage

8.1 Marking

8.1.1 There shall be a permanent mark of the registered trademark on the product.

8.1.2 The single package of the product shall be marked with the manufacturer's name,

product name, product model, registered trademark, this document number, production

date, etc. (unless otherwise specially required by customer).

8.2 Packaging

Each set of products shall be packaged separately. There shall be no destructive

collisions between the various parts of the product.

8.3 Transport

Products shall be protected from rain, moisture, and bumps during transportation. They

shall be handled with care during shipping.

8.4 Storage

The product shall be stored in a well-ventilated, dry room. It shall not be stored together

with acids, alkalis or corrosive items.

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